Siffofin haifuwa na petunias ta hanyar yanka

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Petunia, tare da bishiyoyinta masu kamannin wardi, kyakkyawa ce sosai har masu shuka suyi haƙuri da son ranta cikin kulawa, shayarwa, takin zamani da kuma fesawa cikin lokaci don yayi fure. Amma yana haifar da ƙarin matsala yayin haifuwa, saboda yana da tsayi sosai kuma yana da wahalar shuka shi daga tsaba. Wannan ya kawo tambaya - shin zai yiwu a yanke petunia a gida kuma idan haka ne, ta yaya?

A cikin labarin, zamuyi magana game da rikitarwa na haɓaka wannan tsire-tsire daga yankan, da kuma cikakkun bayanai game da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa da matsaloli masu yuwuwa.

Menene wannan tsiron?

Petunia ɗan ganye ne na Kudancin Amurka... Na dangin Solanaceae ne, kamar tumatir da dankalin turawa.

Ganyensa kamar ganyen taba yake. Sessile ne, duka, ko kan gajerun yankan. Siffar da girman sun dogara da wane nau'in shuka (sama da dubu 1) wanda aka shuka a cikin gonar.

Tsarin ganye akan koren rataye kore, kafa ko rarrafe mai tushe a hankali. Furen Petunia kamar mazurai ne. Suna da sauƙi ko ninki biyu, ƙarami ko manyan launuka, fari-fari ko rawaya mai haske, shuɗi ko ruwan hoda, ja ko masu bambancin ra'ayi. Fetins suna da ɗan gewaye ko santsi tare da gefen. Bayan flowering, an kafa kwantena - 'ya'yan itace tare da ƙananan tsaba.

Hanyoyin haifuwa

Hayayyafa iri - mafi yawan lokaci. Tsaba a cikin shagunan filawa suna da tsada (yaya kuke tattara tsaba da kanku?). Bayan ya shuka su da tsananin kulawa kuma ba tare da kaucewa daga ƙa'idodin da aka yarda da su ba, ba duka suke tsiro ba, kuma idan sun yi haka, za su mutu.
Shuke-shuke. Wasu masu shuka suna sayan tsaran da aka shirya, waɗanda aka dasa su zuwa ƙasa mai kyau kuma ba da daɗewa ba za su ji daɗin kallon kyakkyawar petunia a cikin tukunyar filawa.
Yankan Hanya ce mafi kyau ta kiwo.

Shin ana iya yin yankan ta?

Ee, petunia an sami nasarar yada shi ta hanyar yankan kuma ba a buƙatar ilimi na musamman ko ƙwarewa don wannan... Ta bin ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi na kulawa, harbi zai sami tushe da furanni a cikin makonni 7-8.

Yadda za a yanke - dokoki don aiwatarwa a gida

Hankali zabi na yankan. An yanke shi daga wani reshe mai lafiya, wanda ke gefen kudu na kambin.
Daidaici daidai. A ƙasan, an yi yanka a ƙarƙashin ƙananan koda, kuma a saman - a gaban na sama, yana barin 2-3 cm na ɗakunan ciki zuwa gare shi.
NASIHA! Node wani sashi ne na reshe tare da toho. Internode shine rata tsakanin nodes.
Shiri kafin saukowa. Kada a sami ganye a ɓangaren da yake makale a cikin ƙasa. In ba haka ba, za su ruɓe, kuma tare da su kara.

Yaushe ne mafi kyawun lokaci?

Mafi kyawun lokaci don nau'in tsire-tsire terry shine Fabrairu-Mayu. Wararrun masu noman fure suna tsunduma a cikin yankan bishiyar petunias da calibrachoa duk shekara, suna ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya dace don yaɗuwa, shayar da yankan akan lokaci, kuma a lokacin sanyi kuma suna haskaka shukar a cikin gida.

Horarwa

An zaɓi ƙwanƙwasa mai dacewa kuma a yanka yayin da tsire-tsire ke cikin furanni... Mafi kyawun lokaci don zaɓar abu don yankan shine watan Agusta kuma farkon farkon kaka, ma'ana, Satumba. Bayan sun yanke shi sun dasa shi a cikin kasa a lokacin faduwar, bayan watanni 2 sai suka lura da ƙwai a ciki. Idan ba a haɗa wannan a cikin tsare-tsaren mai tsire-tsire ba, to ba a yin yaye ɓarna kafin Maris, amma saboda wannan zai zama tilas a tsara yanayin da ya dace don hunturu don petunia.

Uwar daji, wanda daga ita ake sare cutan, ana sarrafa ta a kai a kai don hana cututtukan da ka iya faruwa da kiyaye ta daga kwari. Don sarrafawa, suna siyan magungunan kwari kuma suna amfani dasu bisa ga umarnin, don kar su fuskanci sakamako mara kyau. Kafin yanke wasan da ya dace, ana ciyar da daji daji da bitamin da abubuwan kara karfi (carbamide, urea, magnesium, potassium humate). Suna haɓaka tushen da inganta ingantaccen harbi.

Yadda ake yanke daidai?

6-8 cm - tsayin mafi kyau duka na aiwatar yanke daga igiyar ciki daji. Idan ya fi tsayi, rutin zai faru daga baya.
Harbin zai fara da sauri idan akwai ganye biyu da biyu akan sa kafin a yanka.
An yanke hanyoyin motsa jiki, lura da dakatar da ci gaban harbi. Za su kafu sosai a cikin ƙasa.
Bayan sun yanke tare da dasawa a cikin akwati da aka shirya, basu yi jinkiri ba. In ba haka ba, yankan bazai bada tushe.

Yadda za'a adana kayan daga kaka zuwa bazara?

Kaka ba shine mafi kyawun lokaci don yada petunias ta hanyar yankan ba. Jigon ba shi da lokaci don ba da tushe, saboda mahimman matakai suna jinkirin. Idan tushen ya bayyana, kuma kadan daga baya ganyen, ba zato ba tsammani mutuwar samari saboda rashin tsayar da tushen ci gaban ba. Yankan ba zai tsira ba har sai bazara. Don yada tsire-tsire ta hanyar yankewa a cikin bazara, suna yin shi daban.

A watan Satumba-Oktoba, an tona fure, an sare bishiyar a kai 5 cm kuma a dasa shi a cikin tukunya. An shimfiɗa rufin magudanan ruwa a ƙasan.
Ana shigar da tukunyar cikin gidan kuma a ɗora shi a kan gilashin tagogi mai haske.
A cikin hunturu, ana shayar da shukar kuma ana ciyar da ita, amma ba sau da yawa.
Hakanan suna kula da yawan zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin, basa barin sa ya tashi sama da + digiri 10-15 na Celsius.
Furen yana rayuwa a ƙarshen Fabrairu. Sabbin buds da matakai sun bayyana akan sa. A wannan lokacin, zaku iya yanke harbin ta hanyar kafe su a cikin ƙasa ko ruwa.

Saukowa

Dokokin dasa shukar Petunia:

Bayan zaɓa da yanke yankan da suka dace, ana sanya su a cikin wani bayani tare da phytohormones. Wannan yana kara damar yaduwar petunias ta hanyar yankawa.
Bayan haka, an dasa su a cikin kwalaye, an shirya ƙasa don ci gaba.
An zuba yashi ko sako-sako da ƙasa a cikin kwalaye.
Ba a buƙatar layin magudanar ruwa, tunda bayan an yi masa rooting, za a dasa shukar zuwa wani, akwati dabam.
Nisa tsakanin yankan biyu yakai cm 2, kuma zurfin binnewa bai wuce 4 cm ba.
Bayan dasa shuki, shayar da tsiron kuma rufe shi da gilashi.
An motsa akwatin zuwa taga kuma an jira aƙalla ganye ɗaya ya bayyana.

Gyara

A cikin ƙasa.
A cikin gilashin ruwa.

Yadda ake Tushen ruwa?

Wannan hanyar ta dace da tushen yawancin nau'ikan petunias.... Bai dace da yanyan furannin furannin Terry ba.

Shirya ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko filastik na ruwa.
Zaɓin harbi da yanke shi daga ƙoshin lafiya, barin tsayin 10-12 cm. Yanke shi, yanke duk ganye akan sa.
Yankakken da aka shirya an nitse shi a cikin akwati da ruwa. Kada a sami rassa da yawa a ciki, tunda kowanne yana bukatar sarari.
Irƙirar sakamako na greenhouse ta hanyar rufe akwatin tare da filastik filastik ko kwalba.
An saka akwatin a cikin inuwar m.
Bayan kwana 7, saiwar farko ta bayyana, kuma bayan kwana 10 sai a dasa shukar matasa zuwa cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki.

HANKALI! Ba a watsar da matakin ruwa a cikin tanki ba. Da zaran matakin ya sauka, sai a kara sabo - a zauna kuma a yanayin zafin dakin. Narkar da 1 tab a ciki. carbon da aka kunna, ya hana lalacewar abubuwan haɓaka.

Zabar lokacin da ya dace

Ana yin yankan petunias a ƙarshen bazara ko hunturu. Lokacin yana shafar girma da ci gaban ɓarna, amma ta yaya?

Sake haifuwa ta hanyar yankan itace a lokacin hunturu. Babban fasalin aikin a cikin hunturu shine cewa suna shirya shi kafin lokaci - a lokacin rani, a ƙarshen watan Agusta.
1. Ana hawan ciyawar uwa a cikin lambun kuma ana dasa su zuwa masu tsire-tsire masu matsakaici.
2. Kafin wannan, tsoffin harbe-yanke suna yanke akan su.
3. Yanayin zafin jiki na lokacin sanyi shine + 10-15 digiri Celsius (in ba haka ba, za a buƙaci hasken haske tare da fitilu da fitilu).
4. Iska a cikin ɗakin bai kamata ya bushe ba, amma ya shayar da daji lokacin da ganye ya faɗi.
5. A lokacin hunturu, sababbin harbe suna bayyana akan sa, suna yanke wanda a ƙarshen Fabrairu - a farkon Maris, zaku iya yaɗa tsire-tsire.
Yadawa ta hanyar yankan rani a lokacin rani kuma kusa da kaka (Agusta - farkon Satumba). Bayan ya yanke harbe a ƙarshen watan Agusta, mai shukar yana fuskantar gaskiyar cewa asalinsu sun bayyana a kansu a ranar 5-10th. Suna makale a cikin gilashi tare da dunƙule ƙasa, an ɗora su a kan windowsill mai haske, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci sai suka lura cewa sun fara. Bayan an canza su zuwa tukwane tare da ƙasa mai kyau, ruwa da takin su, kuma bayan watanni 2 zasu iya yin furanni.

Menene za a yi bayan aikin?

Bayan saukowa, dole ne:

Kula da zazzabi a cikin ɗakin a cikin yanki na + 20-23 digiri Celsius.
A ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da hasken rana bai takaice ba, sanya fitila mai kyalli a kan windowsill don ƙarin haske.
Ruwa.

Idan kun cika sharuɗɗan daga lissafin da ke sama, Za a cutauke cutarwa kuma a yi masa kwalliya a ranar bakwai... Bayan wasu ganye sun bayyana, abin da ya rage shine dasa su zuwa kasar da ta fi amfani, sannan a kula da su kamar itacen baligi.

Idan wani abu ya faru ba daidai ba?

Kodayake petunia tsire-tsire ne mai wuyar sha'ani, idan ba ku ƙirƙira yanayi masu dacewa ba yayin yanke, zai yi rashin lafiya ya mutu. Ba a shayar da ita da yawa ba, ba a dasa ta a cikin ƙasa mai nauyi ba har sai tushenta ya bayyana, in ba haka ba ya mutu daga "baƙar ƙafa". Alamomin wannan cutar suna yin duhu da kuma laushi daga cikin tushen aikin. Lokacin da aka yarda da harbe-harbe kuma suka yi girma tare da ganye, ana tura su zuwa babbar tukunya.

Bayan wasu yan kwanaki, ana lura da farin fari a jikin ganyen. Shi hujja ne na cutar fungal da ake kira powdery mildew. Shuka ba ta da lafiya saboda canjin yanayi da danshi kwatsam... Zaka iya adana shi ta cire duk sassan da abin ya shafa da kuma kula da masu lafiya da ƙibiritu.