Duk game da shrub ya tashi a cikin tukunya. Siffofin fure, dokoki don girma da kulawa a gida

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Kallon fure mai fure a windowsill a kowane lokaci na shekara shine burin kowane matar gida.

Duk da wahalar kulawa, furewar cikin gida tana ƙara zama sananne a kowace shekara.

Kuma wannan daidai ne - bayan haka, daji ya tashi daga mai shuka mai kulawa zai faranta idanun abokai da dangi shekaru da yawa.

A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku duk nuances na kula da ɗaki ya tashi, yadda za ku haɓaka shi daidai kuma waɗanne matsaloli za su iya tasowa.

Bayanin tsirrai

Furewa na cikin gida, kamar takwarorin lambun, yana da kauri mai kaifi da ƙaya, da sarƙaƙƙun koren ganye kore. Siffar, launi da girman toho sun bambanta, ya danganta da tsire-tsire iri-iri.

Fasali:

Wani fasali daban na ɗakin fure shine ƙaramin sa - bai fi 50 cm tsayi ba. Bugu da kari, takamaiman fasalin wannan nau'in shuka shine hanyar haifuwa.

Yana da mahimmanci cewa fure ya girma daga yanka, kuma ba a sanya shi ba, saboda ƙarshen ba zai iya rayuwa a gida ba.

Ribobi da fursunoni na girma furen cikin gida

Girma wannan tsire a cikin ɗaki yana da adadi mai yawa na kyawawan halaye.:

Fure shekara-shekara. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, zaku iya jin daɗin fure-fure a cikin hunturu da bazara. Dole ne a tuna cewa wasu nau'ikan suna buƙatar ɗan hutawa tsakanin furanni.
Karamin girma. Matsakaicin matakan tsire-tsire kanta da tushenta yana ba ku damar adana fure a cikin ƙaramin tukunya akan windowsill.
Tunda bishiyar daji tana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan wardi na lambu, idan ana so, ana iya dasa shi zuwa wani wurin da zai ci gaba da faranta ran wasu.

Amma akwai kuma rashin dacewar da ya kamata ku lura da shi kafin siyan daki ya tashi:

Matsalar barin... Shuke-shuke yana da kwarjini da hankali ga wuce gona da iri ko rashin hasken rana, danshi, canjin yanayi. Yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali.
Bukatar "bacci"... Wasu nau'ikan wardi na daji suna buƙatar yin hutu tsakanin furanni, yayin da dole ne a kiyaye shuka a cikin yanayi na musamman.
Kadan ko babu ƙanshi... Ba kamar 'yan uwan lambu masu ƙamshi ba, ƙanshin mafi yawan nau'ikan fure a cikin gida suma ne kuma kusan suna da dabara.

Takaitaccen tarihin asali

A cikin wallafe-wallafen kayan lambu na gargajiya, an nuna China a matsayin asalin ɗakin ya tashi. Koyaya, wasu mawallafa suna magana akan kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Turai azaman mahaifar wannan tsiron.

Yadda ake tsire gidaje?

Saukowa

Dasa shuki daga tukunyar jigilar kaya zuwa tukunyar dindindin bai kamata ya kasance sama da makonni biyu bayan sayayya ba. Wannan saboda bukatar daidaita fure zuwa sabon yanayi.
Tukunyar da kanta bai kamata ta zama babba ba - ƙasa, ba a ɗaure ta da tushe, yana shan iska, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar tushen tsarin. Mafi kyawu ga kowane dasawa zai zama karuwa cikin iya aiki da 2 cm a diamita kuma 5-6 cm cikin zurfin.
Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama sako-sako da abinci. Haɗin peat, yashi da ƙasa baƙi sun fi dacewa da fure. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine siyan cakuda na musamman na lambun don shuka wardi na daji, amma zaku iya shirya ƙasa da kanku. A wannan yanayin, an ɗauka:
- 15% yashi;
- 20% baƙar ƙasa;
- 25% peat.
Sauran taro ana samunsu tare da humus da gonar lambu.
Kafin dasa shuki, kasar ta hade sosai kuma ana jika ta da ruwan dumi.

Don kaucewa tsayawar danshi, wanda fure ba ya jurewa sosai, ana zuba yumɓun da aka faɗaɗa a cikin kasan tukunyar kafin a dasa.

Don sauƙaƙe dacewa, ana iya dasa fure tare da dunƙulen dunƙulen dunƙule ta hanyar tushen tsarin, kuma sauran sararin da ke cikin tukunyar za a iya cike shi da sabon cakuda na ƙasa. Wannan yana rage yiwuwar lalacewar asalinsu, kuma tsire-tsire yakan saba da sabuwar ƙasa.

Yadda za a kula?

Wajibi ne a kusanci nazarin dokoki don bunƙasa daji kamar yadda ya kamata kuma mai kyau sosai, tunda wannan tsiron yana son kulawa da kulawa. Tare da madaidaiciyar hanya, wahalar kula da ɗaki zai biya gaba ɗaya tare da kyawawan furanninta.

Yanayin tsarewa

Wuri... Fure na cikin gida yana son sarari kyauta, don haka ya cancanci sanya shi don kada ya shiga cikin ganyayyaki tare da wasu tsire-tsire. Zai fi kyau a sanya kurmi ya tashi ko kusa da taga kudu.
Fure yana buƙatar samun dama koyaushe zuwa iska mai tsabta, amma a lokaci guda ya zama dole don kauce wa samuwar zayyanawa.
Zazzabi... Furewar fure ne na thermophilic, amma yana da ma'anar yanayi mai tsananin zafi, saboda haka zafin jiki mafi kyau yayin girma da furanni zai kasance + 14 .. + 25 ° С. A lokacin hutawa, yawan zafin jiki a cikin ɗaki tare da fure bai kamata ya wuce + 5 .. + 8 ° C.
Zafi... Yana da mahimmanci don samar da isasshen danshi ba kawai don ƙasa ba, har ma don iska don fure. Don yin wannan, sau 2-3 a mako, kuma a cikin yanayin busassun zafi kowace rana, ana fesa ganyen da dumi, ruwa mai nutsuwa. Ruwan ban ruwa na Sprinkler ya ragu yayin bacci.
Hasken wuta... Shuka na buƙatar hasken rana da yawa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka ba da shawarar sanya shi a kan taga ta kudu ko baranda. Tare da haɓaka aikin hasken rana, zaku iya inuwa shukar don kauce wa ƙona ganye, amma kar ku wulaƙanta shi.
Shayarwa... Furewar da take girma da furanni ana shayar da ita sau da yawa, kowace rana ko kowace rana, musamman a lokacin zafi. Zai fi kyau a shayar dashi a ƙananan yankuna, tunda fure yana da matukar damuwa da yawan danshi. Tabbatar cewa yawan danshi baya taruwa a cikin leda kuma cire shi kai tsaye. Ruwa daji ya tashi da dumi, tsayayyen ruwa da yamma. A hutawa, ana shayar da furar sosai da ƙyar, kawai don hana tsarin tushen bushewa.
Top miya... A yayin ci gaban aiki, zaku iya ciyar da shukar kowane sati 2 ta amfani da abubuwa na musamman waɗanda aka tsara don wardi na cikin gida. Yayin hutawa, fure yakan hadu sau ɗaya a wata.
Yankan... Ana aiwatar da pruning yayin shirya fure don lokacin "bacci". Don yin wannan, cire duk raunana da busassun rassan, rage kowane harbi, barin 5-6 buds. Idan baku datse ba, bayan lokaci, harbe-harben zasu shimfida, sai su zama marasa laushi, kuma furannin zasu zama matalauta.
Canja wurin... Dasawa wata hanya ce ta shirya fure don hunturu kuma ana gudanar da ita kowace shekara bayan yankan. Tukunyar da aka shigar da tsire-tsire a cikin ta ya zama ya fi girman 2 cm girma kuma ya fi na 5-6 cm girma. An dasa fure tare da dunƙulen ƙasa daga tsohuwar tukunya, kamar a farkon shuka.
Rigakafin kwari da cututtuka... Don hana faruwar cututtukan fure na cikin gida, ya zama dole a kula da yanayin yanayin sauyin yanayi da ake buƙata don wannan shuka. Yawancin cututtukan fure suna haifar da kulawa mara kyau.

Sake haifuwa

Hanya mafi sauki don yada fure a cikin gida itace ta yanke. Don wannan:

An zaɓi reshe tare da toho sabo kuma an yanke ƙwanƙolin tsayin 15-30 cm Babban kusurwar da aka sare ya zama kadan.
Ana cire ganyayyaki da furanni daga reshe.
Sashe na cuttings da uwa daji suna bi da tare da wani bayani na potassium permanganate,
Sannan yankewar da aka yanke ana jiƙa a cikin tushen tushen ruwa na yini.
Yankan yankan an shirya shi cikin ƙasa mai sassauƙa, zurfafawa saboda ƙwanƙolin sama ya kasance sama da ƙasa.
Ruwa da fesa tsire-tsire kowace rana, amma ba yawa ba.
Don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse, an toshe tsiro da dome. Ana yin sa ne daga saman kwalbar da aka cire tare da murfin don barin iska ta gudana. An cire dome tare da bayyanar ganyen farko.

Cututtuka da kwari

Mizanin gizo-gizo... Kwayar cuta ce ta microscopic da ke hayayyafa a cikin bushe da yanayin zafi. Halin sadarwar yanar gizo mai halayya ya bayyana akan daji, shuke-shuke matasa suna da saukin kai. Don kawar da wannan kwaro, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen kwari, kamar Fitoverm, Fufanon, Aktellik. Duk tsire-tsire a cikin gida ana bi da su sau uku, tare da tazarar kwanakin 10-12.
Maganin fure... Yana faruwa tare da wadataccen shayarwa, adana fure a cikin sanyi, ɗakunan da ba a haɗe ba tare da babban ɗumi. An rufe ganyen shukar da farin fari, ya bushe ya fado. Don magance cutar, ana kula da bushes da jan ƙarfe na jan ƙarfe ko sulfur na colloidal, dole ne a cire ɓangarorin shuka da abin ya shafa.
Tsatsa... Yana bayyana lokacin da aka dimauita rabon abubuwan ma'adinai a kasar gona. A lokaci guda, ana samun wuraren launin ruwan kasa akan ganye, haɓakar daji tana raguwa. Bi da wannan matsalar ta hanyar kula da tsiron tare da baƙin ƙarfe vitriol, ruwan Bordeaux ko jan ƙarfe oxychloride.

Kuna iya ganin ƙarin bayani game da kwari na wardi na cikin gida da yaƙi da su a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa:

Kuskuren kulawa

Fure ne mai ɗauke da tsire-tsire kuma duk kuskuren kulawa da shi na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako.

Bari mu bincika kuskuren da aka fi sani:

Yawan shayarwa da fesawa, ajiyewa cikin ɗaki mai sanyi yana haifar da tushen ruɓa da dasa mutuwa.
Canji kwatsam a yanayin zafin jiki, yawan canza wuri daga wuri guda zuwa wani yana haifar da zafin zubar ganye.
Rashin aiwatar da hanyoyin da suka wajaba na hunturu - yankan itace da sake dasawa - yana haifar da raguwa ko dakatar da ci gaba da furannin fure.
Humarancin zafi da rashin isasshen ruwa na haifar da bushewar ganye da toho da faduwarsu.

Don gyara kuskuren da ke sama da hana mutuwar tsire-tsire, ya zama dole a daidaita yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayin fure wanda yake, kuma a hankali bi duk shawarwarin kulawa da aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin.

Fure a cikin gida tsiro ne mai kyau wanda ke faranta ran masu shi blooming buds a kowane lokaci na shekara. Koyaya, ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan furen yana da wahalar kulawa da kuma kyakkyawar hanyar zuwa sayan sa.

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