Bayani, siffofin kulawa da hotuna iri daban-daban na makiyaya geranium
Meadow geranium shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire na waje, wanda yake na dangin Geraniev. Yana da ƙarin sunaye da yawa - crane, stork, stokolenets.
Wannan tsire-tsire ne na daji kuma yana tsiro da yardar kaina a gefunan gandun daji, filaye da makiyaya waɗanda ke cikin Turai, Asiya ta Tsakiya da Siberia. Na gaba, zamu gaya muku game da tarihin asalin wannan nau'in, da kuma ingantaccen shuka da kuma kulawa mai kyau na ganye mai kyau.
Bayanin tsirrai da tarihin asali
Dangane da bayanan tarihi, shuke-shuken Turai ne suka yi shuka a ƙarshen karni na 16... Tsire-tsire yana da kauri da gajeren rhizome, tsawon sa ma bai kai santimita 10 ba. Ganyen yana da alamun kasancewar yatsa mai tsaga yatsu kuma an sare shi zuwa kashi 7.
tunani... Ana gabatar da furannin shukar a cikin sifofin duka mata da maza kuma suna da ɗakuna guda biyar daban.
Furannin suna cikin sigar-umbrellas na fure wanda ya fara daga santimita 1.5 zuwa 2; akwai ɗan zagaye a waje. Calyx da pedicel suna halin gaban farfajiya.
'Ya'yan itacen makiyaya geranium an gabatar dasu ta hanyar kwalin. Partasan thea thean yana dauke da seedsa 5a 5, yayin da ɓangaren na sama ke inganta yaɗuwarsu. Tsaba suna iya yadawa har zuwa mita 2.
Geranium yana da kayan magani. Kuna iya neman ƙarin bayani game da waɗannan kaddarorin magani da kuma game da takaddama game da ciyawar geranium a nan.
Mutane da yawa bisa kuskure sunyi imanin cewa makiyaya da geraniums na daji iri ɗaya ne. Wannan ba haka bane, waɗannan nau'ikan geranium ne daban daban kuma sun bambanta ta hanyoyi da yawa da juna. Amma mafi mahimmancin bambanci shine geranium na gandun daji koyaushe yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, yayin da a cikin geranium makiyaya koyaushe suna tanƙwara (zaka iya ƙarin koyo game da geranium na gandun daji anan)
Bayyanar
Makiyaya geranium a tsaye yake kuma zai iya kaiwa tsayin 30 zuwa 80 santimita. Ganye da ciyawar shukar suna da launi mai launi mai haske. Furen furannin geranium suna da faɗi a buɗe kuma suna da launin shuɗi mai shuɗi. A gindin farjin, akwai takalmin gyaran kafa guda huɗu masu kaifi.
Shahararrun iri da hotunansu
Da ke ƙasa akwai kwatancen shahararrun irin shuka da hotunansu.
Meadow geranium ya kasu kashi iri daban-daban., mafi shaharar su shine:
Sararin Saman bazara (Sama)
Da dama geranium na makiyaya, ya kai tsayin 60 zuwa 90 santimita. Faɗin daji yana da kimanin santimita 60. Furanni suna da rubutu iri biyu kuma suna da farin launi tare da ruwan hoda-shunayya. Babban ɓangaren fure shine rawaya-kore. Lokaci-lokaci akwai iri iri tare da furanni shuɗi mai haske da farin cibiya.
Bakar Kyawawa
A iri-iri halin gaban manyan purple furanni da lafiya farin jijiyoyinmu. Ganyen an sassaka, kala-ja-kasa-kasa. A tsayi zai iya kaiwa zuwa santimita.
Plenum Violaceum (Latin)
Da dama geranium na makiyaya, ya kai tsayi da nisa daga santimita 60 zuwa 90. Yanayin furannin shine terry mai kalar purple.
Lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u
Da dama geranium na makiyaya, wanda aka fara ganowa a Holland. Furannin suna da kyau sosai, wanda ke da kasancewar fararen fata da kuma mai ɗamarar shuɗi-shuɗi.
Dokoki, nasihu da umarni don dasa shuki
'Yan kwanaki kafin dasa shuken makiyaya a cikin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar shirya ramuka don dasawa... Matsayin mai ƙa'ida, wannan tsire-tsire yana da dogayen tushe, don haka ramin dole ne ya zama mai zurfi. An lasafta zurfin ramin ne bisa dogayen tushen sai ya zama ya zama zurfin santimita 20 fiye da tushen da ya fi tsayi.
Hankali... Nisa tsakanin kowane daji na geranium ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin santimita 25 zuwa 30, wannan zai ba da damar tushen ya bunkasa a faɗi.
An zuba ƙasa mai ni'ima a tsakiyar ramin a matsayin mazugi, wanda za'a iya siye shi a shagon lambu, kuma an shimfiɗa tushen shuka da kyau a kanta.
Bayan sanya shuka a cikin ramin, an rufe ta da ƙasa, sannan a shayar... Idan kana son takin shukar nan take, to, babban abu shine kar ayi amfani da taki wacce bata riga ta ruɓe ba.
Haske da wuri
Wurin da za'a iya dasa shi zai zama wuri mai haske mai kyau, amma yakamata a kiyaye shuka daga hasken rana kai tsaye, kuma saboda wannan yana da kyau a dasa shi a cikin inuwar m. Zaka iya zaɓar gadon filawa, tukwane, kankara a matsayin tashar sauka.
Bukatun ƙasa
Saboda gaskiyar cewa wurin zama na geranium na makiyaya filaye ne, makiyaya da gefunan gandun daji, shukar zata buƙaci ƙasa mai matsakaiciyar ƙasa mai wadataccen humus. Idan babu irin wannan ƙasa a wurin, to za ku iya siyan ta a shagon lambu.
Yadda ake kulawa da kyau?
Kula da geranium na makiyaya baya buƙatar lokaci da ƙoƙari sosai... Babban abu shine aiwatar da ciyawar lokaci-lokaci kuma mai inganci na shukar. Lokacin dacewa shine farkon Mayu, lokacin da onlyan ganye kaɗan suka kasance akan shukar.
A yayin sare ciyawar, ana kuma ba da shawarar sassauta kasar, tunda dole ne iska ta samu zuwa asalin makiyayar geranium. Idan babu lokaci don sassauta kasar, zai yuwu a dasa shuki-tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tsakanin bishiyoyin geranium da ciyawar ƙasar nan da nan bayan dasa wannan iri na geranium. Wannan zai rage bukatar sakin kasa.
Ya kamata a ba da hankali musamman ga shayarwa a kan kari, tunda makiyaya geranium ba ta haƙuri da fari sosai. A lokaci guda, ba shi da daraja a shayar da tsire da yawa, tun da tushen ruɓe yana yiwuwa.
Nasiha... Bayan shukar ta yi fure, za ku iya yanke shi, amma wannan ba lallai ba ne, tunda shukar ma tana girma sosai ba tare da wannan aikin ba.
Shuke-shuken yana girma da sauri kuma yana cire dukkan ciyawa, don haka tsawon shekaru 10 baza'a iya dasa shi ba ko kuma sake sabonta shi. Bai kamata ku rufe shuka don hunturu ba, tunda yana rayuwa yanayin zirin-sifiri sosai.
Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari
Geranium na makiyaya suna da tsayayya sosai ga tasirin cututtuka da kwari, saboda haka suna shafar shuke-shuke ne kawai a cikin al'amuran da ba safai ake samunsu ba. Misali, a yanayin zafi mai yawa, mites gizo-gizo na iya bayyana a cikin axils da internodes na ganye. Don kawar da su, kuna buƙatar siyan duk wani tsari na acaricide.
Katantanwa da slugs na iya bayyana, amma kasancewar su kusan ba ya cutar da shuka... Don kawar da su, zaku iya amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman ko cire su da hannu. Game da cututtuka, mafi yawanci a cikin geraniums shine fure-fure, amma yana da sauƙin cin nasara ta amfani da mafita daga cakuɗin Bordeaux.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi biyu don yaɗa makiyaya geraniums:
Yin amfani da tsaba... Wannan hanyar yaduwar tana da matukar wahala kuma ba koyaushe ake iya kiyaye halaye iri-iri ba. Haka kuma, wannan nau'ikan geraniums zai iya haifuwa ta hanyar shuka kansa, wanda kuma bashi da kyau sosai, saboda shuke-shuke na iya girma a wuraren da ba'a yi niyya don wannan ba.
Idan kun yanke shawarar amfani da wannan hanyar yaduwa, to kuna buƙatar amfani da tsaba kawai kuma zaku iya sa ran su towa bayan shekara guda kawai.
Hanyar yaduwar ganyayyaki... A wannan yanayin, wani ɓangare na gandun daji na geranium ya rabu kuma an dasa shi cikin ramuka da aka shirya a baya (ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan hanyar yaɗuwar ya kamata a yi amfani da ita a farkon bazara).
Kafin dasa shuki daji, dole ne a zuba cakuda takin gargajiya da peat a cikin ramin da aka shirya. Nan da nan bayan dasa shukar, dole ne a shayar da ita koyaushe. Bayan wata daya bayan dasa shukar, ya kamata a ciyar da shi.
Fasaha na aikin gona na namo
Don dasa shukokin geranium a cikin ƙasa, ba a buƙatar fasahar noma... Ya isa a yi amfani da irin waɗannan kayan aikin lambun da aka sani kamar itacen aska, spatula, bokiti, gwangwani.
Meadow geranium tsire-tsire ne wanda zai kawata kowane yanki na lambun, kuma saboda yanayin rashin finki, ba a buƙatar ƙoƙari na musamman don kula da shi. Babban abu shi ne dace watering.