Yadda ake rufe wardi masu hawa hawa don hunturu, da kuma yaushe ya kamata a fara shiri don yanayin sanyi?

Furewar fure itace fure mai daɗaɗɗuwa da tushe ko harbe-harbe masu rarrafe. Yana aiki azaman kayan ado na musamman a kowane yanki na lambu. Kuma don haka ta faranta wa mai lambun ido tare da furanninta mai daddawa a duk lokacin bazara, ya zama dole a samar mata da dukkan yanayin yanayin kwanciyar hankali.

Wannan ɗayan matakan ɗaukar nauyi ne na kulawa da tsire-tsire. Labarinmu zai gaya muku yadda ake yin matsuguni yadda yakamata don fure don hunturu, da nuna hoto na irin waɗannan tsarukan.

Shin ina bukatan shirya shuka don lokacin hunturu?

Shirya fure don hunturu abu ne mai mahimmanci na cikakken kula da shuka. Karku dogara da "halayyar sanyi mai kyau" wanda yawancin lokuta kuke ji daga mataimakan shago.

Yakamata a fahimci juriya na sanyi a matsayin ikon fure don jure yanayin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ... Ba da daɗewa ba, koyaya, yanayi yana ƙara ba da mamaki: ƙarancin yanayin zafi sosai a rana na iya canzawa zuwa 0C. Waɗannan bambance-bambancen ne ke iya tsokanar mutuwar shuka, idan baku fara damuwa da shi ba. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar yanke shawara a gaba yadda za ku kare shuke-shuke daga sanyi mai zuwa, kuma ku shirya kayan da ake buƙata.

Me yasa wannan aikin yake da mahimmanci?

Sabbin nau'ikan wardi wadanda aka bred sakamakon zabin basu da lokacin dormancy na Organic: tare da farkon sanyi, an dakatar da lokacin noman, kuma tare da haɓakar alamun zafin jiki, yana ci gaba. Sakamakon dawo da yanayin girma shine farkon kwararar ruwan itace a cikin fure. Ruwan ruwan yana daskarewa a zafin jiki na -2C. Nan da nan shukar zata fara tsagewa, tunda ruwan itace ya juye zuwa kankara zai rusa tsarin itacen shukar.

A farkon narkewar, wuraren da suka fashe (ƙarancin sanyi) zai fara ruɓewa, yana haifar da barazana ga ɗaukacin tsiron: ya zama "buɗe" ga duk cututtukan cututtuka da kwari. Irin wannan lamari za a iya kauce masa idan har cewa ruwan da ke malalowa daga "rauni" na fure ya bushe da sauri kuma farfajiyar ta warke. Arshe shine cewa wardi ya kamata ya bushe hunturu, kuma wannan ba zai yuwu ba idan an sanya su a cikin matsuguni, wanda za'a rage girman canjin yanayin.

Yaushe ake kera ta?

Wajibi ne don fara shirya fure don hunturu, ba daidai ba, har ma a lokacin rani. Ya kamata a canza nau'in ciyarwar a watan Yuli, kuma ciyarwa ta ƙarshe yawanci ana yin ta a tsakiyar Satumba. Sauran ayyukan shirya ya kamata a kammala su a tsakiyar Nuwamba.

Ya kamata kuma a tuna cewa kuna buƙatar rufe shuka kawai a cikin yanayin bushe kuma kawai lokacin da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya kasance a sama da 0.

A cikin bazara da kuma farkon rabin bazara, ana ba da shawarar ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani mai dauke da nitrogen, kuma ya fi kusa da kaka - tare da takin potash da phosphorus. Potassium da phosphorus abubuwa ne da ke taimaka wa itace ta girma, su sa ƙwaya a gaba da kumburi, kuma su ƙarfafa tushen tushen.

Menene ya ƙunsa?

Aikin share fagen shirya hawa hawa don hunturu wani bangare ne na kula da shuka. Wadannan sun hada da datse daji, cire ganyaye daga shukar, tsabtace tarkace a ciki da kewayen daji, tsaunin dutse, da kuma maganin magunguna.

Umurnin-mataki-mataki don shirya ƙasa da tsire-tsire don lokacin sanyi

1. A daina amfani da takin mai dauke da sinadarin nitrogen a watan Yuli.
2. A watan Agusta, ya kamata ku fara amfani da phosphorus da takin mai magani (ɗaya a watan Agusta, ɗayan a watan Satumba).
3. Daga Satumba, ya zama dole a dakatar da haƙawa da sassauta ƙasa tsakanin fure-fure, da samuwar shuka. Shayar da fure fure ya kamata kuma iyakance.
4. A ƙarshen Oktoba - farkon Nuwamba, yana da mahimmanci cire duk ganye tare da petioles. Ko da wani karamin yanki na ganyen da ya rage a kan tushe zai fara ruɓewa kuma yana haifar da ruɓewar ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen harbi, wani lokacin ma harbi gaba ɗaya.
5. Saboda dalilai guda, ya zama dole a zaɓi ganye da ya faɗi, ciyawa, shara daga daji.
6. Wani muhimmin mataki shine yankan hawa ya tashi da 1/3 na tsayinsa. Hakanan, tsofaffin tushe mai duhu da baƙar duhu, ɓatattun harbe-harbe waɗanda ba su da lokacin zuwa girba ta hunturu suma an cire su.
7. Ya kamata a kula da wuraren yankan da koren mai haske ko yafa masa gawayi.
8. Lokacin yankewa, yakamata a samar da alkiblar da ake so ta ci gaban shuka, la'akari da yanayin ci gaban fure - tallafi, baka, da dai sauransu. (duba umarnin mataki-mataki don yin tallafi don hawa wardi da ɗaura musu shuke-shuke anan).
9. Bayan kwana daya, yakamata a zuba bokiti 1 - 2 na busassun yashi a tsakiyar daji (ya danganta da girman daji).
10. Bayan kwana 2, sauran lashes ana bi da su tare da maganin ƙarfe mai ƙanshi (3%).

Hankali! Idan, duk da farkon lokacin kaka, fure ya ci gaba da fure a raye, kuma harbe-harbe na ci gaba, to ana bada shawara a tsunkule harbin da lanƙwasa ƙusoshin a gindin buds don hana lokacin girma.

Umarnin-mataki-mataki don ƙirƙirar mafaka don nau'in halittar fure masu rarrafe

1. Kafin farkon sanyi, an cire hawan dutsen daga tallafi kuma ya lanƙwasa zuwa ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci cewa saman harbeyen ba su taɓa ƙasa ba.
2. A wurare da yawa, ana iya jan daji tare da igiya. Dole ne a yi wannan a hankali don kar ƙayawar ta cutar da harbe-harben maƙwabta.
3. Wajibi ne a saukar da katako na katako (nisa 80 cm, tsawon ya dogara da girman shuka).
4. A saman bulalan da aka aza a kasa, ya zama dole a gina rufin kwano daga garkuwar da aka rusa. Don hana garkuwar motsi daga baya, ya zama dole a gyara su da turaren katako. Kada a sami fasa a kowane hali! Nisan tsakanin lashes da allon ya zama aƙalla 15 - 20 cm.
5. Daga sama, dole ne a rufe mafakar katako da filastik na girman da ake buƙata (ya kamata ya isa ga ƙarshen kuma), kuma a sanya shi a hankali.
6. Ofarshen "rufin" ya kasance a buɗe har sai sanyi na farko da ya bushe (-5C, -7C), don haka bulala su sha wahalar halitta.
7. Bangarorin (waɗanda aka riga aka shirya daga plywood ko fiberboard) ya kamata a rufe su zuwa ƙarshen Nuwamba, bayan da ƙasa ƙarƙashin mafaka ta daskare.

Idan kawayen fure suka yi tauri sosai, zai yi matukar wahala a lanƙwasa su zuwa ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya ƙoƙarin yin wannan a matakai da yawa (2 - 3), ta amfani da matattakala waɗanda aka yi da waya mai kauri na tsayi daban-daban. Wannan ya kamata ayi shi a hankali, lankwasa harbe-harben zuwa gefen kishiyar lankwashan harbe-harben a tushe. Tsawancin wannan aikin girgiza shine kwanaki 10 - 12. Idan wannan hanyar ba ta yi aiki ba, to zaka iya ɗaure mai tushe tare da rassan spruce, da kuma rufe tushen daban.

Wannan hanyar mafadin wardi ya dace idan an dasa su cikin layuka madaidaiciya. Lokacin da aka dasa furanni a cikin gadajen filawa tare da sauran shuke-shuke, to kowane hawa hawa daji dole ne a rufe shi daban. Hanyar tsari a wannan yanayin ya sha bamban:

1. A hankali lanƙwasa lashes a ƙasa tare da staples, ja su tare da igiya.
2. Gina firam akan daji na sandunan ƙarfe ko waya mai ƙarfi na siffar da ake so. Dole ne ya zama mai ƙarfi sosai don tsayayya da mummunan yanayi da dusar ƙanƙara mai kauri.
3. Daga sama, an rufe firam ɗin da abu mai hana ruwa (fiberglass, spunbond). Lutrasil da polyethylene ba su dace ba: lutrasil yana ba da damar ɗanshi ya wuce, kuma polytylene zai ƙirƙiri tasirin greenhouse, kuma fure zai iya ɓacewa ba tare da jiran bazara ba.

Don haka kada bulalar wardi ta zama wacce ake kashewa da beraye, to kafin mafakarta, zaku iya yada guba ko sawdust da aka jika a fitsarin kyanwa tsakanin harbe-harbe. In ba haka ba, a cikin bazara za ku ga rassan rassan da ba su da amfani.

Hoto

Anan zaku iya ganin yadda madaidaitan wuraren ɓoye na wardi na wardi suke kama.

Kulawar hunturu

Idan akwai dusar ƙanƙara a kan garkuwar (kimanin 10 cm), to a cikin masaukin, har ma a cikin tsananin sanyi, zafin jiki ba zai sauka ƙasa da -8C ba. Duk abin da ke ƙarƙashin ganuwar tsari an rufe shi da sanyi, wanda sannu a hankali yake narkewa yayin narkewa, kuma yanayin zafin a wannan yanayin ba zai tashi sama da 0С ba. Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke cutar tsire-tsire ba su da wata dama.

A lokacin narkewar, ana iya buɗe ƙarshen garkuwar a ɗan kaɗan don sakawa da kuma guje wa bushewa daga ɓarkewar fure. Idan lokacin sanyi yayi dumi, to, zaku iya barin buɗe maɓuɓɓugan da a baya aka yi a ƙarshen mafakar.

Yana da mahimmanci a kula da mutuncin fim ɗin da ya shafi fure, Tunda shigowar dusar ƙanƙara da ruwan sama ne zasu iya tsokanar farkon lalata abubuwa.

A lokacin bazara, ba za a iya cire mafaka kwatsam: a barga -3C, ƙarshen “rufin” ya buɗe ya bar su a wannan matsayin har sai ƙasa ta narke sarai. An cire garkuwoyin da ke rufe furannin tare da farkon yanayi mai kyau, sa'annan a cire kyallen gilashi ko spunbond.

Kara karantawa game da ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun don kulawa da wardi.

Tabbas, shirya hawan fure don hunturu tsari ne mai hadadden tsari da yawayana buƙatar wani adadin adadin mai shuka lokaci. Amma ba tare da wannan lokacin ba shi yiwuwa a adana shukar sosai a cikin hunturu.

Muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyo kan yadda ake rufe fure-fure don hunturu:

Kalli bidiyon: Babu wani uziri ga mai fyade, Duk wani hukunci da akai mishi daidai ne. (Yuli 2024).