Tsibirin Greenland - "koren ƙasa" mai cike da kankara

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Greenland ita ce tsibiri mafi girma a Duniya, wacce ke arewa maso gabas daga Arewacin Amurka, manyan ruwa guda uku ne suka wanke ta: Tekun Arctic a arewa, Tekun Labrador a gefen kudu da kuma Tekun Baffin a yamma. A yau yankin tsibirin mallakar Danmark ne. An fassara daga yaren yankin, sunan Greenland - Kalallit Nunaat - na nufin "Greenasar Kore". Duk da cewa a yau kusan tsibirin ya cika da kankara, a shekara ta 982 wannan yanki na ƙasar ya cika da ciyayi. A yau, ga mutane da yawa, Greenland yana da alaƙa da kankara ta har abada, amma wannan ba gaskiya bane. Bari mu ga abin da ke jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya zuwa wannan tsibiri mai ban mamaki - gidan Santa Claus.

Hotuna: Tsibirin Greenland.

Janar bayani

Wanda ya fara zuwa tsibirin shine Icelandic Viking Eirik Rauda, wanda aka fi sani da Erik the Red. Shi ne wanda, ya ga kyawawan ciyayi a bakin teku, ya kira Greenland Green Country. Sai kawai a cikin karni na 15, tsibirin an rufe shi da gilasai kuma ya samo mana sanannen yanayi. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Greenland ta kasance babbar ƙasa mai samar da dusar kankara a duniya.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Dutsen kankara ne daga Greenland wanda yayi sanadiyyar nitsewar jirgin Titanic.

Greenland wuri ne mai wuya wanda ba'a kiyaye shi sosai ba, kuma sa hannun ɗan adam kadan ne. Akwai kyakkyawan yanayi don matsanancin wasanni, ecotourism sananne a yau. Masanan yanayi na iya yaba da shimfidar wurare masu ban mamaki, shiga cikin asalin al'adun mutanen da ke zaune a tsibirin, waɗanda har yanzu suke rayuwa bisa ga al'adun gargajiya. Tsawon Greenland daga arewa zuwa kudu kusan kilomita dubu 2,7 ne, mafi girman fadi kusan kilomita dubu 1 da dubu 300, kuma yankin ya kai murabba'in kilomita dubu 2 da dubu 2, wanda ya ninka yankin Denmark sau 50.

Greenland ta rabu da tsibirin Ellesmere a Kanada ta hanyar mashigin kilomita 19. Kogin Danish na kwarara a gabar kudu maso gabas, wanda ya raba tsibirin da Iceland. Svalbard yana da nisan kilomita 440, Tekun Greenland yana tsakanin tsibirin pola da Greenland. Yammacin tsibirin ana wanke shi da Tekun Baffin da Davis Strait, sun raba Greenland da Baffin Land.

Babban birni na ƙasar mai cin gashin kanta ita ce garin Nuuk wanda ke da yawan mutane sama da dubu 15. Adadin mutanen Greenland ya kai kimanin mutane dubu 58. Babban shahararren tsibirin shine yanayin yanayin hunturu, wanda yayi kama da zane don tatsuniya. Abubuwan jan hankali da wuraren yawon bude ido na da alaƙa da dusar ƙanƙara da sanyi. Tabbas, akwai gidajen tarihi tare da tarin tarin abubuwa wadanda ke ba da tarihin tarihin tsibirin, al'ada da al'adunsu.

Tarihi a cikin kwanakin:

farkon Viking ƙauyuka sun bayyana a cikin karni na 10;
mulkin mallaka na Greenland ta Denmark ya fara a karni na 18;
a 1953, Greenland ta shiga Denmark;
a shekarar 1973, ikon cin gashin kan kasar ya zama wani bangare na Tarayyar Tattalin Arzikin Turai;
a shekarar 1985, Greenland ta balle daga Tarayyar, dalili - takaddama kan kayyakin kifi;
a 1979 Greenland ta karɓi mulkin kai.

Abubuwan gani

Mutane da yawa sun yi kuskuren yin imanin cewa kawai abin jan hankali a cikin Greenland shi ne yankin farin fari mai farin dusar kankara wanda aka rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara. Koyaya, ƙasar tana da wadatar abubuwan jan hankali, yawancinsu kawai ana iya ganinsu a wannan ɓangaren duniyar. Da farko dai, waɗannan sune fjords, glaciers. Mazauna yankin sun ce babu kankara iri biyu. Sabbin kankara suna bayyana anan duk shekara.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Launin dutsen kankara koyaushe ya bambanta kuma ya dogara da lokacin rana.

Gaskiya ta gaba na iya zama kamar ba gaskiya bane, amma wani jan hankali shine maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi. A wasu wurare, yanayin zafin ruwa ya kai digiri + 380, kuma yanayin shimfidar wuri ya cika da dusar kankara da ke yawo kusa da sararin samaniya. Mazauna Greenland suna kiran maɓuɓɓugan ruwan bazara da ruwa mai tsabta a zamanin da SPA, saboda "baho" na farko sun bayyana anan fiye da shekaru dubu da suka gabata. Suna yankin kudu na tsibirin.

Garuruwan Greenland suna da dandano na musamman - an zana su cikin launuka masu haske, shi ya sa ake kiransu da launuka masu yawa. Mafi ban sha'awa:

Nuuk (Gotkhob) - babban birni na yankin mai cin gashin kansa na ƙasar;
Ilulissat wani abin jan hankali ne;
Uummannak - a nan ne gidan Santa Claus.

Nuuk ko Gothob

Duk da cewa Nuuk ita ce ƙaramar ƙaramar birni, amma ba ta ƙasa da sanannun manyan yawon buɗe ido na duniya a asali, launi, abubuwan gani. Birnin yana kan tsibiri ne kusa da Mount Sermitsyak.

Nuuk janyewa:

tsohon bariki;
Haikalin Savur-Church;
gidan Yegede;
Lambun Arctic;
kasuwar nama.

Tabbas, wannan ba cikakken jerin abubuwan jan hankali bane. Abubuwan da suka dace daidai shine: Art Museum, kawai cibiyar al'adu.

Bayan yawo a kusa, tabbatar da ziyartar Gidan Tarihi na kasa, wanda baiyanar ya shafi rayuwar mutane a tsibirin shekaru dubu 4.5.

Babban abin jan hankali shine kyawun halitta. Don jin daɗin yawon buɗe ido, an tsara dandamali na lura a cikin birni. Mafi shahararren shine Vale Watching Spot. Mutane suna zuwa nan don su yaba wa mazaunan teku. Akwai filin ajiye jiragen ruwa a cikin jirgin ruwa.

Kara karantawa game da babban birnin Greenland a cikin labarin daban.

HOTO: Greenland

Illulisat glacial fjord

Matsakaicin ruwan dusar kankara a gefen yamma na tsibirin. Yankuna sun fasa gilashin gilashin na Sermek Kuyallek kuma suka zame cikin saurin 35 m kowace rana a cikin Ilulissat fjord. Har zuwa shekaru 10 da suka gabata, saurin motsi na kankara bai wuce mita 20 a kowace rana ba, amma saboda dumamar yanayi, kankara na saurin tafiya.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Ana ɗaukar kwararar kankara mafi sauri a duniya.

Tsawon fjord ya fi kilomita 40 kaɗan, a nan za ku ga dusar kankara mai siffofi da girma dabam-dabam, saurari ƙarancin ƙanƙarar kankara. Daya daga cikin manyan wuraren yawon bude ido a Greenland shine kallon kankara a Ilulissat. Shaidun gani da ido sun ce mafi girman gwarzayen kankara suna nan. Tsayin wasu ya kai mita 30, yayin da 80% na dutsen kankara ke ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ruwa.

A gefen bankin fjord akwai kyakkyawar jan hankali - karamin ƙauyen kamun kifi mai suna iri ɗaya Ilulissat kuma yawan jama'a bai fi mutane dubu 5 ba. Yayinda gandun kankara ke tafiya a hankali, yawon bude ido na iya jin daɗin kofi mai ƙarfi, cakulan mai zafi a cikin wani ƙaramin cafe, yana kallon kyawawan abubuwa masu ban sha'awa daga taga.

Groupsungiyoyin yawon shakatawa suna ɗaukar jiragen ruwa ko jirage masu saukar ungulu zuwa kan dusar kankara don bincika kogon kankara, sauraron sautunan tsoro na ƙanƙarar motsi, da kuma samun mafi kusancin kallon hatimin.

Kyakkyawan sani! Tarin kayan tarihin na gida an sadaukar da su ne ga Knut Rasmussen, tarin tarin abubuwa yana ba da labarin yadda mutane ke rayuwa a cikin Greenland, al'adu, al'adu, tatsuniyoyi.

Ta hanyar wadatuwa da ra'ayoyi iri-iri, abubuwan Ilulissat suna jan hankalin magoya bayan manyan wasanni, magoya bayan wariyar launin fata. Dangane da kwanciyar hankali, birni ya dace koda da hutun dangi.

Kyakkyawan sani! Mafi kyawun lokacin tafiya zuwa Ilulissat shine rani da Satumba.

Nishaɗi a cikin Ilulissat:

balaguro zuwa ƙauyen Inuit, inda za ku ɗanɗana miyan abincin teku, ku kwana a cikin bukka ta gaske, ku saba da karnukan da ke kankara;
balaguro zuwa ga gilashin Eki;
tafiya jirgin dare zuwa Ice Fjord;
karyar kare;
safari whale da kamun kifi.

Nasihun tafiya! A cikin Ilulissat, tabbatar da siyan ɗan itacen ɓaure wanda aka yi da ƙashi ko dutse; a cikin shagunan tunawa akwai babban zaɓi na kayan kwalliya. Abun da aka yi da fur na kyanwa ko hatimin fata zai zama kyauta ta marmari. Kasuwar kifi tana da babban zaɓi na sabo da kifi da abincin teku.

Eki glacier (Eqip Sermia)

Gilashin Eki yana nan, kilomita 70 daga Ilulissat fjord, a cikin Disko Bay. Wannan gilashi ana ɗauka mafi sauri a cikin Greenland. Tsawon gefenta na gaba shine kilomita 5, kuma matsakaicin tsayi ya kai mita 100. A nan ne zaka ga yadda ake haihuwar dusar kankara - manyan kankara tare da mummunan haɗari da haɗari ya faɗi daga Eka ya faɗa cikin ruwa. Jirgin ruwa mai sauri yana da ban sha'awa da tsoro. Mazauna yankin suna da'awar cewa yawon shakatawa yana haifar da motsin rai na musamman lokacin da jirgin ruwan ya motsa cikin hazo. Idan kun yi sa'a, za ku iya ganin kifayen kifi.

Kusan dukkanin balaguro zuwa kan kankara sun haɗa da tafiya zuwa ƙananan ƙauyukan Ataa. Anan ana baƙi baƙi zuwa abincin rana kuma an gayyace su suyi yawo a ƙauyen. Daga nan safarar zata dauki rukuni zuwa Ilulissat, daga inda yawon bude ido ya fara.

Farin dare da hasken arewa

Hasken Arewa sune mafi kyawun ado a cikin Greenland kuma mafi kyaun wuri a doron ƙasa don kiyaye wannan abin mamakin. A tsibirin, aurora ya fi haske daga rabin rabin Satumba zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu. Me ake buƙata don ganin Hasken Arewa? Tufafi masu dumi, takalma masu daɗi, thermos tare da shayi ko kofi da ɗan haƙuri. Babu matsala ko wane ɓangare na tsibirin da kuke ciki - ana iya ganin fitilun arewa ko'ina, ko'ina a cikin Greenland, har ma da babban birni.

Akwai wata hanyar don ganin sabon abu na halitta - na soyayya. A jirgin ruwa na musamman, tafi tafiya zuwa yankin da aka kiyaye. Kuna iya kallon fitilun arewa daga farfajiyar jirgi ko ta sauka.

Amfanin irin wannan tafiyar shine ikon ganin dabbobi a cikin daji. Yankunan da aka kare sune gidan belar belar, inda suke samun kwanciyar hankali.

Launuka masu launuka da yawa akan farin-dusar ƙanƙara, mara sa rai mara amfani suna haifar da yanayin tatsuniya. Idan kai ɗan soyayya ne, mai son burgewa, irin wannan balaguron zai haifar maka da da mai ido sosai.

Dabbobin daji da kallon kifin Whale

Ganin mawuyacin yanayi na Greenland, dabbobi mafiya ƙarfi ne suka rayu a nan. Ana ɗaukar masu tsibirin beyar na polar; Hakanan zaka iya ganin hares na polar, lemmings, dawakan arctic da wolf Wolves a nan. Ruwa suna rayuwa ne ta wurin kifin whale, like, narwhals, walruses, like da gemu.

Safari Whale shine nau'in nishaɗin da aka fi so don yawan yawon buɗe ido da jan hankali na ƙasar. An shirya jiragen ruwan yawon bude ido don tafiye-tafiye. Kuna iya tafiya a matsayin ɓangare na ƙungiyar yawon shakatawa, tare da yin hayan jirgin ruwa. Dabbobi ba sa ba da amsa ga mutane, don haka suna ba ka damar yin iyo zuwa kusa da nesa. Suna wasa da iyo sosai kusa da jiragen ruwa.

Mafi kyawun wurare don safari na Greenland: Ausiait, Nuuk, Qeqertarsuaq.

Greenland na ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ke da yuwuwar yin zirga-zirgar ruwa a teku, don haka masu yawon buɗe ido na iya sha'awar waɗannan dabbobin masu ban mamaki kuma su ɗanɗana naman kifin.

Idan kai masanin wasanni ne mai tsada, je ruwa. Kuna da wata dama ta musamman don yin iyo a ƙarƙashin dusar kankara, ziyarci dutsen da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa, duba hatimi.

Al'adu

Mutanen tsibirin suna rayuwa cikin cikakken haɗin kai da yanayi. Farauta ba ciniki ba ne kawai, amma ɗayan al'ada ne. 'Yan Eskimos sun yi imanin cewa rayuwa ba komai ba ce face inuwa, kuma tare da taimakon al'adu mutane sun kasance a duniyar masu rai.

Babban darajar mutane shine dabbobi, saboda suna sadaukar da rayukansu don samar da abinci ga mazaunan yankin. Akwai tatsuniyoyi a cikin Greenland da ke cewa shekaru da yawa da suka wuce, mutane sun fahimci yaren dabbobi.

Eskimos har yanzu suna aiwatar da shamanism, mazauna yankin sun yi imani da rayuwa bayan mutuwa kuma cewa duk dabbobi har ma da abubuwa suna da ruhu. Zane a nan yana da alaƙa da aikin hannu - ana yin gumakan gumaka daga ƙasusuwan dabbobi da fata.

Mutane a cikin Greenland ba sa nuna haushi, wataƙila saboda mummunan yanayin tsibirin. Koyaya, wannan baya nufin ba'a maraba da baƙi anan, amma idan kuna son yin ra'ayi mai kyau, ku kame kanku kuma kuyi magana da gaske. Kamar yadda mazauna wurin ke cewa, idan kayi magana a hankali, kalmomi sukan rasa ma'anarsu da ma'anarsu.

Kyakkyawan sani! A cikin Greenland, ba al'adar musafiha ba ce; mutane, idan sun gaisa, sai su nuna alamar gaisuwa.

Abubuwan al'adu sun samo asali ne saboda yanayi mai wahala. Mutane a kan tsibirin sun kirkiro wani ƙa'idar ƙa'idar aiki, inda komai ke ƙarƙashin yiwuwar rayuwa, kariya ga dabbobi da yanayin kewaye. Rayuwa a nan ana aunawa da gaggawa.

Yana iya zama alama cewa mutanen da ke tsibirin ba su da ladabi kuma ba sa son juna, amma ba haka ba ne, mazaunan wurin sun yi shiru ne kawai kuma ba sa hirar banza. Suna bayyana tunaninsu a sarari kuma a taƙaice.

Kitchen

Ga Bature na yau da kullun, abincin Greenlandic kusan bai dace ba. Babban ka'idar abinci mai gina jiki a tsibirin shine cin abinci a yanayin da yanayi ke bashi. Babu kusan babu magani mai zafi anan. A cikin karnonin da suka gabata, an kirkiro tsarin abinci ta yadda za a wadata mutane da abubuwan gina jiki da karfin da za su iya rayuwa a cikin irin wannan yanayi.

Kyakkyawan sani! Da farko kallo ɗaya, yana iya zama alama cewa abincin ƙasar na Greenland dadadden abu ne, amma ba haka batun yake ba. A cewar kididdiga, mutane a cikin Greenland ba sa samun tabo, kuma ba su da rashi bitamin. Har ila yau, babu kusan irin waɗannan cututtukan kamar azaman miki da atherosclerosis, ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Babban abincin an shirya su daga walrus, kifin Whale da hatimin nama. A cikin Greenland, ana amfani da dabaru na musamman na sarrafa nama, bayan an yanka gawar an jera ta, an hada wasu sinadarai, kuma an zabi hanyar dafa abinci mafi kyau. Ana ajiye naman a cikin ƙasa, a cikin kwalliyar kwalliya da ruwa.

Wani sanannen abinci mai daɗin ci da abinci mai daɗi shine mattak - mai ba da fata da koda kifi whale tare da mai. Ana shirya abincin yau da kullun - stroganina - daga naman dabbobin teku, kifi da kaji, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da ciyawa, tafarnuwa daji, 'ya'yan itacen polar. Wani shahararren abincin shine suasat - ana cinye nama da ruwan zãfi ana amfani dashi da gefen kwano dankali ko shinkafa.

Daga cikin kayan tsire-tsire, algae, ruwan itace, turnips, wasu nau'ikan gansakuka, dankali da rhubarb ana riƙe su da daraja. Kifi da abincin teku ana cinsu ta kowace irin siga, ana saka musu gishiri, busashshe, bushewa, daskarewa kuma ana cinsa danye. Dukkanin abincin teku, wanda ake ɗaukarsa abinci ne na cin abinci ga Turawa, a cikin Greenland an gabatar dashi cikin madaidaiciya da kuma kowane ɗanɗano.

Abin sha a tsibirin sun hada da shayi mai madara da baƙar gargajiyar gargajiya. Wata al'ada ta girke girke ita ce ƙara gishiri, kayan ƙanshi, kitse a shayi shayi a sha a matsayin matakin farko. Hakanan suna amfani da madara mai shigowa da asalin kofi na Greenlandic.

Sauyin yanayi da yanayi

Daskarewa yanayin zafi a tsibirin tsawon shekara:

a lokacin rani - daga -10 zuwa -15 digiri;
a cikin hunturu - har zuwa -50 digiri.

Greenland tana da mafi ƙasƙanci matsakaicin shekara-shekara na kowace ƙasa a digiri -32.

Yawancin hazo yana faɗuwa a kudu da gabashin tsibirin - har zuwa 1000 mm, a arewacin adadin yawan ruwan sama ya ragu zuwa 100 mm. Iska mai ƙarfi da guguwa halaye ne na duk yankin. A gabas, ana yin dusar ƙanƙara a sulusin kwanaki a shekara, mafi kusa da arewa, ƙarancin dusar ƙanƙara. Fogs na al'ada ne don bazara. Yanayin mafi kyawun yanayi shine a kudu maso yamma, wannan saboda yanayin dumi ne - West Greenland. A watan Janairu, yawan zafin jiki ba ya sauka kasa -4, kuma a watan Yulin, zafin ya hau zuwa + 11 digiri. A kudanci, a wasu wuraren da ake kiyaye su daga iska, a lokacin bazara ma'aunin zafi da sanyio yana tashi kusa da +20 digiri. A gabas, iklima ta fi tsanani, amma yanayi mafi sanyi a arewa, a nan cikin hunturu zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa -52 digiri.

Inda zan zauna

Duk otal-otal a cikin Greenland dole ne ofishin yawon shakatawa na ƙasa ya rarraba su. Wannan rarrabuwa yayi daidai da rukunin otel a Turai. Mafi girman rukunin otel shine taurari 4.Kuna iya samun irin waɗannan otal ɗin a cikin Ilulissat, Nuuk da Sisimiut. Akwai otal-otal na ƙananan rukuni a duk ƙauyuka, ban da Kangatsiak, Itokortormit da Upernavik.

A cikin manyan biranen akwai gidajen baƙi wanda ake gayyatar masu yawon buɗe ido don cin abinci da ɗanɗano abincin gargajiya na Greenland. A kudancin tsibirin, matafiya sukan tsaya a gonakin tumaki.

Kyakkyawan sani! A gonaki, ana samar da wutar lantarki ne daga masu samar da dizal, don haka ana samar da ita a wasu lokuta.

Matsakaicin farashin daki biyu a cikin otel mai tauraro 4 daga 300 zuwa 500 daloli. A cikin hotels na ƙananan rukuni - daga 150 zuwa 300 daloli.

Nemo Farashin kuɗi ko ajiyar kowane masauki ta amfani da wannan fom

Visa, yadda ake zuwa can

Don tafiya zuwa tsibirin, kuna buƙatar neman biza a cibiyar visa ta musamman. Hakanan kuna buƙatar inshora.

Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauri don zuwa Greenland daga ƙasar Denmark ta jirgin sama ne. Jirgin sama ya tashi daga Copenhagen, ya isa:

Kangerlussuaq - duk shekara zagaye;
Narsarquac - kawai a lokacin rani.

Jirgin yana ɗaukar kimanin awanni 4.5.

Bugu da kari, jirage daga Iceland suna tashi zuwa wannan yankin na kasar. Jiragen sama suna aiki tsakanin babban filin jirgin saman Iceland da tashar jirgin sama a Nuuk. Hakanan akwai jirage daga Reykjavik. An shirya jiragen sama zuwa Ilulissat da Nuuk. Jirgin yana ɗaukar awanni 3.

Taimako! Greenland jiragen ruwa na yau da kullun suna bin hanyar da ta haɗa da Iceland da Greenland.

Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da Greenland

Da yawa suna da sha'awar tambayar - wace ƙasa ce Greenland take? Na dogon lokaci, tsibirin ya kasance mallakar Denmarkasar Denmark, kawai a cikin 1979 ta karɓi matsayin yanki mai mulkin kansa, amma a cikin Denmark.
Fiye da kashi 80% na yankin tsibirin ya cika da kankara.

A cewar mazauna - kuna son jin ainihin sanyi? Ziyarci garin Upernavik. An gina mashigar jirgin ruwa mafi nisa a duniya.
Mafi kyawun wuri don kallon Hasken Arewa shine Kangerlussuaq.
A cikin Greenland, akwai imani cewa jarirai sun yi ciki a daren da fitilun arewa suke cikin sama suna girma musamman wayayyu.
Karin kumallo yana cikin kuɗin haya a duk otal-otal.

Greenland tana da kyakkyawar alaƙa da ƙungiyar Greenpeace. Wakilan kungiyar suna yin iya kokarinsu don hana farauta a tsibirin. Ayyukan Greenpeace suna shafar tattalin arzikin Greenland. Sakamakon gwagwarmayar shekaru, wakilan kungiyar sun amince cewa Inuit na da damar farauta, amma don wasu manufofin kansu.

Yanzu kun san daidai amsar tambayar - shin mutane suna rayuwa a cikin Greenland. Ba wai kawai mutane suna rayuwa a nan ba, amma akwai abubuwan jan hankali da yawa. Greenland wuri ne mai ban mamaki, ziyarar wacce zata bar motsin zuciyar da ba za'a iya mantawa da ita ba a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ku.

Bidiyo: yadda suke rayuwa a babban birnin Greenland, garin Nuuk.

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