Dokoki don kula da raƙuman raƙuman rawaya: duk nuances na haɓaka shi a gida da filin buɗe ido

Kusan kowane mai shuka a tarin nasa yana da aƙalla nau'ikan nau'in begonia. Yellow begonia ba banda bane.

Kyawawan furanni suna yin ado ba kawai bangon windows na gidaje ba, har ma da baranda, baranda, gadaje na filawa da gadajen filawa.

Begonia tana ɗaya daga cikin launuka da aka fi so na masu zanen ƙasa, kuma ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin aikinsu.

Bayani

An fara gano Begonia a karni na 17. Monk Plushie... Ya shiga cikin binciken kimiyya na flora na tsibirin Haiti, wanda gwamnan - Michel Begon ya shirya, wanda aka sa wa sunan shuka. A halin yanzu, nau'in begonia yana da kusan nau'ikan 1500, gami da na daji.

Yellow begonia (Begonia xanthina) itace tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire na dangin begonia. Ya rabu da resumantin mai tushe da gajeren tsarin tushen sa.

Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali

Tsayin belin rawaya galibi yawanci 45 - 50 cm Ganyayyaki suna da girma, ƙwallaye, an sa su a gefuna. Daga sama su kore ne masu duhu, santsi, kuma daga gefen ƙasa suna shunayya-ruwan hoda, tare da ƙaramar villi. Manyan fure (3.5 - 4 cm a diamita), rawaya, ana tattara su a cikin inflorescences na lush.

Dogaro da "ninki biyu" na furannin, ana rarrabe nau'ikan nau'ikan begonia masu zuwa:

• Terry.
• Semi-biyu
• Na yau da kullun.

NASIHA... Yellow begonia yana da furanni na jinsi daban-daban: namiji da mace. Babban bambancin su da juna shine kasancewar kwantaccen zuriya mai kusurwa uku a cikin furannin mata.

Hoto

Kalli hoton wannan kyakkyawan furen.

Dokokin sauka

Yellow begonia ya girma cikin gida da waje. Bari muyi la'akari da manyan sifofin waɗannan hanyoyi guda biyu.

A cikin bude ƙasa

A cikin filin burodi, ana horar da Begonia, a matsayin mai mulkin, ta hanyar shuka. Kuna iya shuka shi da kanku, ko zaku iya sayan shi a cikin shago.

Dole ne a zaɓi shafin don raƙuman raƙuman raƙumi rabin-inuwasaboda baya jure wa kai tsaye rana. Wani yanki mai inuwa mai yawa shima zai shafi shuke-shuke mara kyau. Zai fi kyau shuka shuki a cikin Yuni.

Tsarin dasa kanta yana da matakai masu zuwa:

1. Ana haƙa rami, a ƙasan inda aka sa peat ko takin. Hakanan zaka iya ƙara taki phosphorus-potassium a can.
2. An sanya tsire a hankali a cikin rami, an rufe shi da ƙasa kuma an ɗauke shi da sauƙi.
3. Ana ci gaba da shayarwa.

MUHIMMANCI! A karo na farko bayan dasa shuki, kana buƙatar shayar dashi aƙalla sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 2-3. A ranakun zafi musamman - kowace rana.

A cikin tukunya

An fara sanya begonias na cikin gida mai ɗorawa akan tagogin windows na yamma ko gefen gabas na gidan. Wannan wurin yafi dacewa da ita, tunda tana yawan jurewa inuwa kuma baya son hasken rana kai tsaye.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana dasa begonia rawaya a cikin tukunya tare da yanka... Bari muyi la'akari da wannan tsari mataki zuwa mataki:

1. An zaɓi tsayayyen ƙoshin lafiya mai tsayin 8-10 cm An bar ganye na sama 2-3, sauran an cire.
2. Sanya shi cikin kwalba na ruwa.
3. Lokacin da durƙushin ya sami tushe (santimita 2), ana dasa shi a cikin tukunya da ƙasa ta musamman.

Wani lokaci yankan yana kafewa kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, dole ne a fara sanya shi a cikin haɓakar haɓaka mai haɓaka, sannan a cikin tukunyar ƙasa.

Bukatun ƙasa

Duk nau'ikan begonias, gami da na rawaya, suna son ƙasa mai yalwa da rauni mara ƙarfi... Yakamata ya zama yana da danshi matsakaici, tunda yawan danshi yana lahanta shuke-shuke. Don dasa shuki a cikin tukunya, hanya mafi sauki ita ce siyan ƙasa mai shirye don furanni. Ya riga ya haɗa da dukkan abubuwan haɗin da ake buƙata.

Koyaya, zaku iya yin cakuda ƙasa a gida daga abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Peat - 2h
• Leasar Leafy - 2h
• Sand - awa 1

NASIHA... Ana ba da shawarar ƙara yashi zuwa ƙasa da aka sayi (in ba a can ba). Yana inganta sassaucin ƙasa sosai.

Yadda ake kulawa da kyau?

Yellow begonia tsire-tsire ne mai ban sha'awa. Koyaya, akwai wasu ƙa'idodi da za'a bi. Mun lissafa manyan abubuwan da ke kula da kyakkyawar rawaya.

1. Gyara tukunya... Begonias suna buƙatar inuwa m da rashin hasken rana kai tsaye. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa tagogin yamma ko gefen gabas na gidan zasu kasance mafi kyawu a wurinta.
2. Yanayin iska na cikin gida ya kamata ya kasance kusan digiri 17-20.
3. Ban ruwa daidai... Ana shayar da Begonia, a matsayin mai mulkin, sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 2-3. A lokacin bazara, gwargwadon yanayin, yawan shayar na iya ƙaruwa, kuma a lokacin sanyi, yana iya raguwa. Shayarwa wajibi ne kawai tare da dumi, ruwa mai sassauƙa, zai fi dacewa wucewa ta cikin matattara. Yellow begonia yana da damuwa game da shayarwa, don haka madaidaiciyar hanyar wannan batun tana da mahimmanci. Yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa na lalata ta.
4. Danshi mai iska... Yellow begonia yana matukar son iska mai danshi. Amma akwai saɓani a nan: an hana shi cikakken feshi. Danshi a jikin ganyayyaki na iya haifar da samuwar rawaya rawaya akan su da kuma lalata tushen tsarin. Don dusar da iska, wani lokacin ana bada shawarar a watsa ruwa da kwalba mai fesawa kusa da begonia ba tare da an hau ta ba. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da danshi na gida.
5. Canja wurin... Yayinda yake girma, begonia tana buƙatar dasawa. Kuna buƙatar canza ba kawai tukunyar ba, har ma ƙasa. Bayan dasawa, ana ba da shawarar aiwatar da aski, wanda ke da tasiri mai amfani a kan yanayin ado na shuke-shuke.
6. Ragewa... Yana da Dole a kai a kai sassauta kasar gona.
7. Top miya... Bayyanar ƙwayoyin rawaya a jikin shukar yana nuna cewa lokacin ciyarwa ya yi. Wajibi ne don ciyar da begonia tare da takin mai magani mai rikitarwa, wanda za'a saya shi a cikin shago na musamman. Yawan ciyarwa sau daya ne duk sati 2.

Bayan furannin sun fado, ciyarwa ta tsaya.

HANKALI! A lokacin hunturu, baza ku iya ciyar da begonia rawaya ba.

Yellow begonia, wanda ke tsiro a cikin filin buɗe ido, baya ƙasa da buƙatar kulawa mai kyau. Wajibi ne a shayar dashi a kan kari, ciyar da shi, cire ciyawa da sassauta shi.

Cututtuka

Mafi yawan lokuta, cututtukan fata kamar su:

• Gray mold (ruɓa) - cuta a cikin sifar launin toka wacce take shafar ganye da tushe. Wani lokacin furannin shuka ma ana shafar su. Ana yin yaƙi da ƙira ta hanyar magani tare da shirye-shirye na musamman, alal misali, Benomil. Tunda an samar da sikila saboda yawan danshi, ana matsar dashi zuwa busasshen wuri don lokacin magani.
• Farin fure... Wannan cutar ta bayyana a cikin ganyayyakin fararen fata daga abu mai ƙura. A irin waɗannan halaye, ana maganin begonia tare da kayan gwari. Yana da mahimmanci cewa a wannan lokacin shukar tana cikin wuri mai iska mai kyau.
• Tushen baki ruɓa bayyana ta lalacewar tushen tsarin. Idan ba a fara cutar ba, fesawa da Benomil zai taimaka. Rigakafin irin wannan cuta shine dacewar shayarwa.
• Rawanin rawaya da zobe akan ganye... Dalilin wannan cuta shine kwayar cutar mosaic kokwamba. Tunda a yanzu babu hanyoyin da za'a magance shi, dole ne a zubar da tsiron. Kwayar cutar tana yaduwa cikin sauri, kuma bai cancanci barin shukar a gida ba.

Kwari

Akwai kwari da yawa wadanda ke kai hari ga shuke-shuke begonia masu launin rawaya. Bari muyi la’akari da wadanda suka fi kowa:

1. Red gizo-gizo mite... Kasancewar yanar gizo a kan begonias alama ce ta farko ta kamuwa da cutar kaska. Sau da yawa bayyanar ta tsokane shi ne ta yawan shayarwa da yanayin iska mai ɗumi. Suna yaƙi da miyar gizo-gizo tare da ƙwayoyi iri-iri, misali, Decis.
2. Greenhid aphid... Aphids yana ciyar da ruwan tsire, saboda haka rawaya da karkatattun ganye alamun wannan cutar. Magungunan Fufanon ko Actellik sun taimaka mata don shawo kan ta daidai.

   MUHIMMANCI! Abfin ciki ma yana iya shiga gida ta taga. Dole ne a gudanar da yaƙi da shi sosai, saboda ban da babbar illa, zai iya tsokanar bayyanar gwari mai guba.

3. Greenhouse yayi kyau Shin babban kwari ne wanda ke cutar da begonia. Don halakar da damuwa, kana buƙatar fesa tsire-tsire tare da ruwan sabulu na yau da kullun ko tincture na taba da celandine (100 g na cakuda lita 1 na ruwa).

Hanyoyin haifuwa

Yellow begonia yana sake haifuwa ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:

• Tsaba... Wannan hanyar ita ce mafi cin lokaci. 'Ya'yan Begonia suna da ƙanƙan kuma kaɗan ne ake kafa su a cikin zaɓen kyauta. Ana buƙatar pollination na wucin gadi don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa.
• Yankan... Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi mahimmanci don haɓaka raƙuman rawaya. Yana haifar da nau'ikan nau'ikan 2 na tushen rooting:
  1. a cikin ruwa;
  2. a cikin ƙasa.

  An bayyana fasalin cuttings a sama a cikin wannan labarin.

• Takardar... Begonia ana yaduwa ta wannan hanyar a cikin yanayin inda ake buƙatar adadi mai yawa na kayan shuka. Da farko, ana yanke babban ganye mai lafiya daga begonia, wanda sai ya kasu kashi uku. Latterarshen ya kamata ya sami babbar jijiya a tsakiya.

  Bayan duk wannan, ana dasa itacen ganyen a cikin yashi mai yashi-peat kuma an rufe shi da cellophane. Kula da tasirin greenhouse a matakin da ya dace, ana iya ganin harbe-harbe matasa bayan wata ɗaya ko wata biyu.

• Tubul... Wannan hanyar kiwo ita ma ta shahara sosai. 2-3-shekara tubers na shuke-shuke masu lafiya waɗanda ke da buds an yanka su cikin guda tare da wuka. Kowane ɗayansu dole ne ya kasance yana da aƙalla koda 1. Ana aiwatar da aikin a cikin bazara.

Kamar yadda kake gani daga labarin, haɓaka raƙuman fata shine tsarin aiki mai wahala wanda ke buƙatar wasu ilimi. Koyaya, ɗauke da waɗannan jagororin, koda mai ƙarancin furannin fure na iya haɓaka kyakkyawar launin fata mai rawaya. Mabuɗin samun nasara a cikin wannan kasuwancin shine babban sha'awar girma furanni masu kyau, sannan kuma sha'awar lilin mai haske mai haske.

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