Geranium na musamman "Black Velvet": ƙawancen da ba a saba ba na windowsill

Akwai daruruwan geranium da yawa. Wannan furannin yana mamakin launuka iri-iri da siffofin ganye. Bugu da kari, akwai dogayen (sama da 50 cm) da kuma bishiyoyin da ba su da girma.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu mai da hankali kan jerin F1 na musamman - "Black Velvet", wanda, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, ana bambanta shi da launi na musamman na ganye.

Yadda ake girma da wannan matasan, menene fasalin sa? Za ku koya game da wannan duka daki-daki a cikin labarinmu. Hakanan kalli bidiyo mai amfani.

Bayanin tsirrai da tarihin asali

Wannan nau'in geranium na nau'ikan multiflora ne, watau ya yi fure a hankali, ya isa, ya girma zuwa ƙarami. Furen ya sami wannan suna ne saboda ganyen cakulan mai haske, wanda a shekarar farko, ba shi da ɗan tagulla kaɗan kawai.

A bayanin kula. Wannan sabon nau'in geranium ne wanda aka kera shi a Amurka, inda masu kiwo suka karɓi kyautar Societyungiyar Masu Kula da Bidiyo ta Amurka.

Yaya Black Velvet ke kama?

Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan geranium, "Black Velvet" kawai ta tabbatar da kanta kamar tana da ganyen cakulan. Duk sauran nau'ikan suna da banbanci da shi. Tsayin wannan nau'in geranium ya kai 25-30 cm, ganyen shukar launin ruwan kasa ne masu duhu a tsakiya, kuma a gefuna kore ne, furannin kansu kanana ne, masu launin ruwan hoda, wani lokacin kifin kifi, ruwan hoda mai haske, wani lokacin ma ja ne mai haske.

Hoto

A cikin hoto, ana gabatar da wannan nau'ikan baƙƙarfan geranium a duk ɗaukakar shi.

A ina da yadda ake shuka?

Wannan irin geranium ana shuka shi ne daga Janairu zuwa Afrilu. Duk yana farawa ne da dasa tsaba a cikin ɗakin. Ana iya yin hakan a cikin Janairu-Fabrairu. Idan kayi amfani da layering, to zaiyi ƙasa da yawa sosai.

Cakuda ƙasa ya zama sauƙin wuce ruwa, yana da Ph 6.0 kuma ku zama masu sako-sako da abin taɓawa. Kuna iya yin shi da kanku daga peat, turf, yashi kogi a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1, ko zaku iya siyan shirye shirye a cikin shago, misali, "Exo".

1. Don dasa shuki, ana shimfiɗa rami mai zurfin gaske, wanda, bayan ma kwanciya, ana yafa masa sauƙi. Babu ta yadda za a bar danshi mai yawa a cikin ƙasa ba. In ba haka ba, asalin “sabon haihuwa” na shuka na iya rubewa kawai.
2. Don kula da yanayin ɗanshi mafi kyau, dole ne a rufe amfanin gona da tsare ko gilashi, sa'annan a sanya shi a cikin haske, amma ba wuri mai zafi da matsakaicin zafin jiki na digiri 24 ba.
3. Da zaran 'yan kwalliyar suka bayyana, dole ne a cire gilashin ko fim ɗin, dole ne a sake juya amfanin gona zuwa wani wuri mai haske, kuma dole ne a saukar da zafin jiki zuwa digiri 18. Idan shukokin basu da isasshen haske, da sauri zasu miƙa, sannan kawai su mutu.
4. Mataki na gaba shine bayyanar ganye cikakke guda biyu. Sannan akwai tsinkewa a cikin tukwane masu matsakaicin diamita na 10 cm Idan tsiron ku ya bazu, to za a iya gyara matsalar ta zurfafa wurin shuka da 2 cm.
5. Bayan makonni 2, ciyarwa tare da takin mai magani na ruwa zai fara.
6. Kuma bayan farkon watan Mayu, a rabinsa na biyu, an dasa shukar a ƙasa.

Waɗanne yanayi ya kamata su kasance a can, karanta ƙasa. Idan yankin shukarku ba gadon fure bane, amma baranda ko veranda ne, to zaku iya dasa geraniums can a farkon watan Mayu.

Mahimmanci! Idan kana son furen ya yi nasara, to lallai yana buƙatar masaukin hunturu.

Babu buƙatar cire dusar ƙanƙara daga ƙasa. Yana “nade” tsiron, baya barin zafin rana ya gudu.

Haske da wuri

Shuka, kodayake tana iya rayuwa a cikin inuwar m, amma har yanzu ta fi son rana. Kuma wannan shine abin da ya bambanta Black Velvet daga duk sauran nau'ikan geraniums.

Gaskiya ne, rana a duk tsawon rana bai kamata ta haskaka kan shuka tare da haskoki kai tsaye ba.

Daga wannan ne ya kamata a dasa shi ko dai a ƙarƙashin babban itaciya mai yaɗuwa, ta wurin ganyayen da rana za ta ratsa a farkon rabin yini, ko kuma a cikin filawar filaye a ƙarƙashin ƙarin "maƙwabta maƙwabta" waɗanda za su rufe furen da rana.

Bukatun ƙasa

Tsarin shawarar saukarwa: 15X15 ko 20X20. An dasa shuki zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm fiye da lokacin dasa tsaba.

Dangane da ƙasa "Black Velvet" ba shi da ma'ana. Kowane irin ƙasa zai dace da shi. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a lura da shayarwa da bushewar tashar sauka.

Bugu da kari, a karshen lokacin, yakamata a sanya yashin kogi (maras nauyi) don inganta yanayin ƙasa. Furen yana da kyakkyawar ɗabi'a game da takin mai ma'adinai, sabili da haka, idan kuna so, zaku iya takin ƙasa sau ɗaya a lokaci.

Yadda ake kulawa da kyau?

Kalli zafin jiki sosai, kuma ka tuna shayar da geranium a kai a kai. Shawara zafin jiki don ci gaba: digiri 10 zuwa 15 yayin rana kuma aƙalla digiri 5 da daddare idan ana shukawa a lokacin sanyi, digiri 20 a rana da digiri 16 a dare idan aka dasa a bazara.

Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari

Kwari da zasu iya lalata shuka:

• Nematodes. Cutar da ke da haɗari wanda ba shi da magani. Idan sun buge Black Velvet, to abinda ya rage shine tono shi da lalata shi, da kuma ƙasa.
• Mizanin gizo-gizo.
• Aphid
• Whitefly.

An lalata nau'ikan ukun na ƙarshe ta hanyar fure fure da magance ta da magungunan kwari.

Nau'o'in cututtukan da zasu iya cutar da geraniums:

1. Tsatsan ganye saboda kamuwa da fungal. Ya bayyana a matsayin m rawaya spots.
2. Naman kaza Botrytis. Saboda shi, yankuna da suka mutu a cikin sifofin mahaɗan na iya bayyana akan takardar. Idan ba a kula da shuka ba, to ganye na iya fara zubewa, sannan lalacewa ta biyo baya.
3. Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta Kwayar cututtukan na iya zama daban-daban: daga damuwar da ke kan tushe mai launin shuɗi zuwa haɓakar girma.
4. Edema. Saboda shi, wuraren chlorotic ke tashi. A sakamakon haka, foliage ya zama rawaya ya faɗi.

A hakikanin gaskiya, ana iya kiyaye dukkan cututtuka ta hanayar kariya mai kyau, watau guji yawan ruwan ƙasa, ruwa akan lokaci, saka idanu da yawan zafin jiki da kuma duba shuke-shuke lokaci-lokaci don aibobi.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Wadannan hanyoyin kiwo na "Black Velvet" suna nan:

1. Yankan sassan sassan shuka da saman. Ana yanke harbe a saman ta yadda bayan yankan akwai aƙalla ganye lafiyayye 2-3. An dasa yankan zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm a zazzabi na digiri 15. Dole ne a kiyaye kwanaki 4 na farko a cikin duhu, sa'annan a saka taga, amma don a samu inuwa. A bu mai kyau don aiwatar da hanya a cikin bazara.
2. Sake haifuwa ta amfani da tsaba. Ba irin wannan hanyar kiwo ta gama gari bane don "Black Velvet". Bayan tattara tsaba daga shukanka, kuna buƙatar shafa su da sandpaper don sauƙaƙe ƙwayoyin cuta. Yakamata a tace kasar da haske. Kuma bayan shuka, dole ne a rufe dasa kuma sanya shi cikin wuri mai duhu.
3. Rabon asalinsu. Ana samun wannan hanyar ne kawai idan gerania ya tsiro daga tushe. Sa'an nan kuma an tono daji, kuma an yanke waɗannan matakai. Dole ne a yi amfani da ƙasa don shuka kamar yadda aka saba, kuma kwano ya kamata ya sami diamita wanda bai wuce 10 cm ba.

Kammalawa

Kamar yadda muka gani, "Black Velvet" wani nau'in geranium ne, wanda babu kamarsa a cikin launinsa na ganye, wanda, a duk sauran fannoni, amma, bashi da bambanci sosai da na "asali".

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