Baƙon fata mai ban mamaki: kwatancin iri tare da hotuna. Inda za a samo tsaba, yadda za a fenti ko girma fure da kanka?

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'Yan furanni suna da'awar cewa wardi har yanzu sune shahararrun furannin duniya. Abubuwa masu ban mamaki iri daban-daban da tabarau suna ba ku damar zaɓar fure madaidaiciya a kowane yanayi kuma don ɗanɗano mafi buƙata.

Don yanayi mai mahimmanci, baƙar fata wardi ana ƙara zabarsa, don haka yadda ya kamata haɗuwa da salon impeccable da asiri. Yi la'akari a cikin labarin tarihin ƙirar shuki, kwatancin iri, da kuma ko akwai baƙar fata na halitta a cikin yanayi, yadda zaku iya samun launin fure mai baƙar fata mai ƙira, ana gabatar da hotunan kyawawan samfura.

Shin suna cikin yanayi?

Babban asirin baƙar fata wardi, watakila, shine cewa basu wanzu. An bayyana wannan ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa waɗannan tsire-tsire ba su da kwayar halittar da ke da alhakin baƙar fata.

Duk "baƙar fata" wardi waɗanda za a iya samu yanzu ana raba su gida biyu:

Nau'oi na musamman (galibi sun haɗa da kalmar "Black" a cikin sunaye), wanda a haƙiƙa ya zama ya zama duhu mai rasberi, purple ko ja. Amma a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayin haske, sun bayyana baƙi ƙwarai.
Wadda aka rina baƙi. Dogaro da fenti da aka yi amfani da shi, wani lokacin ba su da dabi'a sosai, suna mutuwa da sauri, amma sun fi rahusa fiye da asalin duhu na asali.

Takaitaccen tarihin yadda aka yi kiwonsu

Wannan nau'in ba zai iya yin alfahari da dogon tarihi ba.:

Farkon ambaton fure wardi yana da alaƙa da tsohon garin Turkiya na Halfeti. Anan, godiya ga keɓaɓɓiyar abun da ke cikin ƙasa, tsire-tsire masu baƙƙen fata sun bayyana. Daga nan sai aka haye su ta hanyar ban mamaki tare da wasu nau'ikan wardi. Sakamakon ya kasance kusan cikakkun furannin baƙar fata tare da ɗan taɓa maroon da shunayya. Kuna iya karantawa game da wardi mai launuka a nan.
Bayan ambaliyar Halfeti, wardi na gari ba za su iya samun saiwa a yanayin wata ƙasa daban ba, sun canza launinsu kuma yanzu ana ɗaukansu a matsayin nau'in da ya mutu.
Tun daga 1870s, aikin zaɓi ya fara aiki. Kamfanin Faransa mai suna Delbard ya samu sakamako mai ban mamaki, bayan da ya kirkiro nau'ikan da ke da ban sha'awa "Black Pearl" (1975) da "Malicorne" (2000). Ayyukan sauran wuraren shakatawa ba su sami karbuwa ba sosai: "Black Baccarat" (kamfanin "Meyan", 2004), "Black Madonna" (kamfanin "Kordes", 1992).
A halin yanzu, baƙar fata ya tashi har yanzu babu shi.

Bayanin iri da hotuna tare dasu

Nau'in asali, kusa da baƙi, koyaushe suna mamakin nuances na launi, wayayyen halitta shimmer da ƙamshi. Akwai da yawa daga cikinsu.

Suna sanannu musamman.

"Bakar Sihiri" ("Black magic")

An samo nau'ikan sihiri na sihiri a shekarar 1997 ta kamfanin kiwo na kasar Jamus Tantau.
In mun gwada da unpretentious, Hardy, resistant zuwa cuta da haske sanyi. Jin dadi a cikin yanayin bushewa.
Mafi girman ƙimar acid ɗin ƙasa, launin duhun Black petals zai kasance.
Bayyanar. Theananan (har zuwa 14 cm a diamita) suna da siffofi iri-iri tare da matsakaiciyar ƙyallen fure, ƙyalli mai lankwasa ƙasa. Canza launi - a farkon fara furanni, suna da launin shuɗi, lokacin kaka kaka mai kyau mai duhu ya bayyana a kan fentin. Godiya a gare su, fure yana kama da baƙar fata a cikin hasken da ya dace. Ganyayyaki masu sheki ne, kore mai haske. 'Yan kaɗan, matsakaici kaɗan. Gandun daji ya kai tsayin mita daya, yana yaduwa kuma yana da karfi, furanni sun bayyana kai tsaye ko a cikin gungu.
Ya bambanta cikin ƙamshi mai ƙanshi.

"Baƙin Shayi" ("Black Tea")

Wani nau'in shayi mai hade, wanda furannin Japan suka shuka a cikin 1973.
Anyi la'akari da mafi banbanci na baƙar fata wardi. Wani suna kuma shine "Coffee Rose".
Ya banbanta a cikin manya manyan siffofi na kyawawan halaye na kwarai. Launi farkon farare ne mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi. A hankali launin ya canza zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.
Ganye mai matukar wahala a cikin noman lambu. Kusan ba a samu a cikin siyarwa kyauta ba.

"Perle Noire" ("Baƙin Lu'u-lu'u")

Wani nau'in shayi wanda kamfanin Faransa mai suna Delbar ya samar a farkon shekarun 2000.
Musamman son rai don kulawa. Yana ɗayan ɗayan shuke-shuke masu daraja kuma mafi ƙarancin yanayi.
Fure mai ɗumbin ɗumi har zuwa 14 cm a diamita suna da launi mai duhu mai duhu, kusa da yadda baki zai yiwu ba. Tsakiyar fure ruwan hoda ne. Gandun daji yana tsaye, har zuwa 140 cm tsayi. Ganyen bishiyar matte ne, koren duhu.

"Kyawun Baki" ("Black Kyawawa")

Wani shayi ya tashi wanda Delbar ke kiwo a 1973.
Mafi duhu ya tashi a doron ƙasa.
Yana da furannin karammiski, launin shuɗi mai duhu tare da bayyananniyar baƙar fata. Furen suna zuwa 10 cm a diamita. Gandun daji ya kai girman met meta ɗaya.
Whimsical, baya haƙuri da saurin sanyi kwata-kwata, sau da yawa yana fama da cututtukan fungal. Mai girma don yankan.
Yana da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi, amma mai ban al'ajabi.

"Barkarole" ("Barcarole")

Ma'aikatan kamfanin Jamus na Tantau ne suka hayayyafa a cikin shekarar 1988.
Tsayayya ga kowane yanayi mara kyau, yana cikin buƙatu mai girma tsakanin masu lambu. Hakanan yana da kyau don yankan kuma baya rasa gabatarwa na dogon lokaci.
Gandun daji ba ya yaduwa, sau da yawa yakan girma ba daidai ba, mai gefe daya, tsayinsa ya kai mita 1.5. Ganye jajaye a hankali yana canza launi zuwa zurfin kore. Wayoyin baƙi ne; lokacin da aka buɗe su, sai su sami launin ja mai duhu, mai duhu zuwa gefen gefunan fentin. A cikin yanayi mai sanyaya, baƙi ya fi zama sananne. Akwai 'yan ƙaya.
Theanshin ba shi da kariya, haske ne kuma mai daɗi.

"Schwarze Madonna" ("Black Madonna")

Daya daga cikin mafi shayi shayi ya tashi hybrids.
Fure biyu (har zuwa 12 cm a diamita) - zurfin duhu ja launi, matte da velvety. Ya bambanta da haske tare da haske mai launi ja mai haske. Yana fure sosai kuma yana girma sosai. Da kyau a yanke.
An yi imanin cewa wannan nau'in ba shi da ƙanshi.

"Black Prince" ("Black Prince")

An yi shi a Ingila a ƙarshen karni na 19.
Furannin (har zuwa 9 cm a diamita) launuka ne masu launin shuɗi mai duhu, kuma launi na kowane ɗan fure mai ƙyalli yana bayyana daga tsakiya zuwa gefuna, wanda ke haifar da sakamako mai ban sha'awa na "velvety shimmer" na gaba dayan fure. Tsayin daji ya kai mita 1.5. Ganyayyaki ja ne, matsakaici a cikin girma, amma suna girma da yawa.
Yana da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi tare da bayanan giya mara kyau.
Yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali, baya da matukar tsayayya ga cututtuka da yanayin sanyi.

Ina kuma nawa za ku sayi tsaba?

Yawancin nau'ikan wardi na baƙar fata ba su da yawa a kasuwa, kuma yana da wahala a saya su. Ya fi wuya a sayi tsabarsu a cikin Rasha.

Mafi na kowa da kuma araha:

"Black Prince" - kimanin 300-500 rubles (a cewar shagunan kan layi na Moscow "Magic of Roses", "Darwin" da RosAgro) da 349 rubles ("Tsaran Altai").
"Black Pearl" - 590-740 rubles a kowace seedling (kantin yanar gizo "Lafa" da 297 rubles (2g marufi) a cikin shagunan sarkar "Tsaba na Altai".
"Black Baccarat" - 210 rubles (a cikin RosAgro).
Norita - 650 rubles (GrandiFlora kantin yanar gizo).
"Huts" - 690 rubles (kantin yanar gizo "GrandiFlora").

Umarnin mataki zuwa mataki: yadda ake fenti a cikin launi iri ɗaya?

Ba abu ne mai sauki ba don samo asalin fure na asali, amma, idan ana so, ana iya samun saukinsa ta hanyar zane.

Zabar nau'ikan don zane

Fure dole ne ya zama sabo.
Dole a rufe buds.
Jigon doguwa ne har ma.
Zai fi dacewa don zaɓar farin wardi don zane. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ana samun kyakkyawan sakamako yayin amfani da kirim ko furanni mai launin rawaya mai haske (koya game da wardi na rawaya anan).
Nau'in "Wendela" ana ɗaukarsa mafi dacewa don zane.

Kaya

Ruwan dumi.
Duk wani akwati mai dacewa (gilashi, gilashin fure, da sauransu).
Wuka mai kaifi.
Rini Zai iya zama komai komai (tawada baƙar fata, canza launin abinci, gouache, cika alamar), amma an fi so a yi amfani da fenti na musamman don furanni. Don haka fentin fure ba zai rasa gabatarwa ba da daɗewa kuma zai yi kyau sosai. Koyaya, da wuya zaku sami irin wannan fenti kuma kawai a cikin shagunan kan layi na musamman.

Tsari

Ya kamata a tuna da hakan zanen fure yakan ɗauki dogon lokaci (daga awa 15 zuwa 28).

Lokacin zanawa, launi da ganye akan tushe zai canza. Saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar a yanka su kafin fara aiki.
Narkar da launin da aka zaɓa sosai a cikin kwandon ruwan dumi. Launin ruwan ya zama mai yawa da cikakken yadda zai yiwu.
Sugarara sukari kaɗan cikin maganin don fenti ya fi kyau kyau.
Yi amfani da wuka don yanke ƙwanƙolin a hankali (shiga daga gefen - kimanin 1 cm). Ana ba da shawarar yin yankin yanki kamar yadda ya kamata don ingantaccen hydration.
Nan da nan bayan an yanke su, ana ba da shawarar a riƙe abin da aka sare a ƙarƙashin ruwan famfo don cire ƙananan kumfa na iska.
Sanya fure a cikin akwati tare da maganin kuma adana shi da zafin jiki na aƙalla awanni 15. Tsawon furen yana da launi ta wannan hanyar, sakamakon da zai haifar zai zama mai wadata.
Da zarar fentin suna da launi mai kyau, sanya fure a cikin kwandon ruwa mai tsafta.

Umarnin mataki zuwa mataki: yadda ake girma kuma a ina suke girma?

Saukowa

Ana ba da shawarar saya da shuka baƙar fata wardi a farkon kaka. Wannan yana kara damar samun sabon kayan dasa, wanda zai yi jijiya sosai, ya zama mai karfi da lafiya.

Horarwa:

Don dasa shuki, ana zaba tsirrai da shekaru aƙalla shekaru 2. Kafin dasa shuki, kana buƙatar kulawa da haushi na tushe (ya zama mai daɗi kuma yana da sheki mai sheƙi) da kuma tushen tsarin (bai kamata ya lalace kuma ya bushe sosai ba).
Cire busassun da lalacewar bishiyoyi tare da wuka mai kaifi, yanke tushen ƙwayoyin da kusan rabi.
Hakanan, yanke harbe ta 14-18 cm.
Sanya tsaba a cikin ruwa mai tsafta a zafin jiki na daki. A can zai kasance har zuwa lokacin dasawa a cikin kasa.

Zabar wurin sauka:

Kada ku dasa baƙar fata wardi inda hasken rana kai tsaye ya fi yawa. Wannan yana haifar da faduwa daga furanni, asarar halaye na ado har ma da wilting.
Hakanan, wurin don furewar fure yana buƙatar kiyaye shi daga iska mai ƙarfi.
Black iri ne mai girma ba kawai don girma a cikin gadaje na filawa ba, har ma a matsayin shinge, a cikin nunin faifai mai tsayi.

Fasahar sauka:

Shirya ramin saukowa (diamita - 0.5 ta 0.5 m). Zurfinsa ya zama kusan 10 cm fiye da tushen seedling.
Ana ba da shawarar cika magudanan ruwa (tubalin da ya karye, yalwar yumbu, kananan tsakuwa) a kasa; yayyafa da ƙasa mai ni'ima a saman.
Idan ya zama dole a dasa dazuzzuka da yawa, sai a tona ramuka tare da la'akari da tazarar tilas ta kusan mita 0.9-1.5.
Zuba ruwa lita 10 tare da maganin Heteroauxin a cikin kowane shiri da kyau.
Kafin shuka, dole ne a kwance kasan ramin.
Cire tsire-tsire da aka riga aka shirya daga ruwa kuma sanya shi a cikin ramin, a daidaita madaidaiciya a hankali.
Cika sararin da ya rage a cikin ramin da kasar da aka gauraya da takin zamani da gilashin itace guda 1-2.
Aƙaƙƙen ƙara ƙasa da ruwa da yawa (zai fi dacewa a wurare da yawa).

Kulawa

Zazzabi... Yawancin lokaci suna jure yanayin sanyi zuwa -20 ° C, amma har yanzu ya fi kyau a rufe su don hunturu. Sabbin matasan sun fi tsayayya da sanyi.
Zafi... Black wardi fi son bushe canjin yanayi. Babban zafi yakan haifar da bayyanar cututtuka da kwari.
Shayarwa... Masana sun ba da shawarar shayar da bishiyoyin fure kusan sau ɗaya a mako. Amma har yanzu mutum ya fi dacewa - an zaɓi adadin da yawan shayarwa dangane da yanayin ƙasa da shukar kanta.
Top miya... Sun fi son takin gargajiya (ruɓaɓɓen taki saniya, jiko na weeds da nettles, tokar itace, urea, saltpeter).

Farin fure fure ne na musamman don lokuta na musamman. Wannan dole ne a tuna dashi yayin son farantawa wani rai da asali. Mutane da ke da kwarjini da ɗabi'a za su yaba da shi.

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