M fure Versilia: kwatanci da hoto, nasihu don kulawa da namo

Wani ɗanɗano mai laushi mai launuka iri daban-daban na fure wanda ya samo asali daga makiyayan Faransa kuma ya sa masa suna Versilia. Furen yana jan hankali na musamman tare da kyan gani, ingantaccen kamannin sa da kuma kwarjini da cancanta, daga mahangar masu lambu, halaye, gami da dogayen furanni, rashin tsari da juriya.

Kyakkyawar kyakkyawar Faransanci tare da ƙamshi mai ƙanshi zai zama ƙawancen cancanci don lambu ko veranda.

Bayanin iri-iri

Versilia wakili ne na rukunin shayi na wardi na wardi, ingantaccen yanki. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, gami da datsewa, an kafa ƙaramin daji tare da madaidaiciyar harbe-harbe. Faɗinsa da wuya ya wuce mita 0.6-0.7, kuma tsayinsa yakai cm 100-120. Ganyen shukar suna da sheki, duhu mai duhu, mai tushe tare da ƙananan ƙayayuwa, wanda ke sauƙaƙa sauƙaƙewa da yankewa.

Furanni 1-3 suna girma akan tushe. Furanni masu faɗin diamita daga 10-13 cm. Fure ɗaya yana ɗauke da manya har guda 30, launinsa wanda yake birgewa a cikin kyawunsa: launin peach mai kyau a tsakiya yana canzawa zuwa ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, ruwan dumi mai haske da madara-cream, yana gabatowa gefuna.

Fa'idodin fure sun haɗa da:

• doguwa da wadataccen furanni kusan har zuwa hunturu;
• tabbatacce, ƙanshi mai daɗi;
• kyau, launi mara kyau:
• tsawo na daji - manufa don dasa rukuni;
• mai girma don yankan, yana tsaye a cikin gilashin fure na dogon lokaci, yana riƙe da kyawawan halayen sa;
• babba, mai ban mamaki kyawawan furanni tare da karammiski na karammiski;
• iri-iri suna dacewa da yanayin yanayin Rasha.

Rashin dacewar nau'ikan Versilia kawai a cikin gaskiyar cewa a cikin yanayin kulawa mara kyau da ƙeta dokokin fasahar noma, ci gaban cututtuka irin su kansar ƙwayoyin cuta, fulawar foda, tsatsa da sauransu abu ne mai yiwuwa. Gabaɗaya, nau'ikan suna da kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtuka, gami da fungal. Har ila yau furannin suna da tsayayya ga fari, ba sa jin tsoron ruwan sama, amma yana da kyau a lura cewa tare da tsananin ɗumi a lokacin bazara, haɗarin ɓarkewar fure da baƙar fata yana ƙaruwa. Bambance-bambancen iri-iri ne na hunturu, amma shukar tana buƙatar tsari yayin tsananin yanayin sanyi.

Hoto

A ƙasa zaku ga hoto na fure na wannan nau'in:

Tarihin asali

Ma'aikatan Faransa sun tsunduma cikin ƙirƙirar nau'ikan. Rose Versilia an yi kiwonta a shekarar 1996 daga kamfanin NIRP International. An sanya nau'in iri-iri ne bayan tsohon gidan sarauta a cikin garin Versailles.

Bloom

Tare da kyakkyawan zabi na wurin dasa shuki da kulawa mai kyau, fure zaiyi farinciki da furannin marmari a kowane lokaci har zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi.

Yaushe kuma yaya hakan ke faruwa?

Yana da wuya a faɗi takamaiman lokacin da fure zai fara fure. Mafi yawan ya dogara da ko yanayin zai zama sanyi ko zafi, damina ko bushe. Idan yanayi yayi kyau, furanni zai fara ne a tsakiyar watan Yuni kuma zai kasance har zuwa lokacin sanyi. A kan mai ƙarfi, tsayayyen mai tushe, manyan ƙwayoyi masu kamannin gilashi an kafa su.

Hankali! Mafi sau da yawa, ana yin toho ɗaya a kan kowane harbi, amma yana faruwa cewa lambar su tana ƙaruwa zuwa 5. Wannan baya shafar girman furen, furewar da tayi fure zata zama babba. Abubuwan buɗe inflorescences suna adana suran su na dogon lokaci, kuma suna kaiwa 13 cm a diamita.

Menene bambanci daga sauran nau'ikan?

Nau'in Versilia shine ɗayan sanannen rukuni mafi girma na wardi na wardi, wanda yana da nasa siffofin daban. Don haka, wakilan wannan nau'in suna buƙatar datse tilas don hunturu da tsari daga sanyi. Manyan ganyen fata masu laushi na wardi na matasan shayi basu da saukin kamuwa da cuta fiye da irin sauran rukunin wannan shuka.

Fasali na kulawa kafin da bayan fure

Don cimma kyakkyawar furannin wannan fure iri-iri, duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na agrotechnical ya kamata a yi su cikin lokaci. Bayan haka, don samuwar buds a farkon kakar, dole ne a ciyar da fure.

Lalacewar mullein da aka gauraya da superphosphate da potassium sulfate ana daukar shine mafi kyawun takin na Versilia. Babban abu ba shine ya wuce fure ba.

Yana da mahimmanci cire shudewar wardi a cikin lokaci. An yanke su ba tare da jiran bushewa ta ƙarshe ba. Wannan yana haifar da samuwar sabbin abubuwa.

Mene ne idan babu burodi?

Idan babu Bloom, kuma babu burodi, kuma ganye yana girma sosai, wataƙila ƙasa tana cike da nitrogen. A wannan halin, ya zama dole a yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da babban abun ciki na phosphorus da potassium. A lokacin lokacin budding, ana amfani da ciyarwa tare da jiko na toka na itace - 1 tsp. kowace lita ta ruwa.

Yi amfani dashi a ƙirar shimfidar wuri

Kodayake ana sayar da Versilia a matsayin nau'ikan yanke-yanke, bai kamata a raina shi a cikin lambuna da wuraren shakatawa ba. Kyakkyawan ɗaukakar fure zai iya zama babban "ɗabi'a" ta lambun fure ko cakuduwa. Ga alama mai ladabi da ɗaukaka a ƙungiya da kuma a cikin shuka ɗaya, musamman ma dangane da asalin ciyawar koren Emerald. Irin wannan kyakkyawa zata dace da kowane irin yanayin shimfidar wuri. Don cimma matsakaicin tasirin ado, ana ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi 5-8 a kowace murabba'in mita. m na ƙasa.

Umarnin kulawa da mataki-mataki

Zabar wurin sauka

Lokacin zabar rukunin saukowa, yakamata kuyi la'akari da maki masu zuwa:

• wuri mafi kyau shine gefen kudu na shafin, rana da safe tana haske sosai safe da rana;
• fure yana son haske mai yawa, amma kasancewar yana karkashin hasken rana a duk tsawon rana, yakan dusashe da sauri, saboda haka yana da kyau idan shukar tana cikin inuwa bayan rabin dare 12;
• ba za ku iya dasa shuke-shuken shuɗi a ƙarƙashin rawanin bishiyoyi ba, a gefen arewacin shafin, a cikin ƙananan wuraren kwance;
• wuri kusa da shinge ko bangon ginin bai dace ba, nisa daga gare su ya zama fiye da rabin mita;
• dole ne a kwantar da gadon filawa tare da wardi, wannan zai kiyaye shuke-shuke daga kwari da cututtuka, amma kariya daga iska mai sanyi mai sanyi da kuma abubuwan da aka zana ya zama dole.

Lokaci

Zaka iya dasa Versilia sau biyu a shekara:

1. Gugu (ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu)lokacin da duniya ke dumama har zuwa + 10 digiri Celsius.
2. Kaka (tsakiyar Satumba - shekaru biyu na Oktoba)... Canja kwanakin saukarwa yana da haɗari. Idan lokacin kaka ya faru a baya fiye da lokacin da aka kayyade, to saboda yanayin dumi har yanzu, fure zai iya ba matasa harbi waɗanda ba za su sami lokacin samun ƙarfi ba kafin yanayin sanyi. Kuma idan an dasa shi daga baya, fure ba zai sami isasshen lokacin yin tushe ba.

Menene ya kamata kasar gona?

Soilasa don haɗin shayi na Versilia ya kamata ya zama mai ni'ima da numfashi, tare da haɓakar ruwan ƙwai na 5.6-7.3 pH. Don inganta ƙasa laka mai nauyi, yashi, peat, humus ko takin gargajiya ana kara su. A cikin ƙasa mai yashi mai sauƙi, ana gabatar da ƙasa mai yumɓu tare da ƙari da ƙasa mai laushi, takin peat-taki.

Shirya iri da shuka

Don dasa shuki, ana zaɓar shuke-shuke wanda a cikinsu 2-4 koren kore ya tsiro daga shafin grafting. Seedlings tare da buɗaɗɗun tushen tushen tsarin bazai da ganye, tare da rufaffiyar ɗaya - kasancewar ganye ya halatta. Da farko dai, an shirya ramuka dasa 50x50 cm, tare da zurfin 40-60 cm.5 kilogiram na ƙasa da aka gauraya da humus an zuba a cikinsu. Don ƙasa ta daidaita, yana da kyau a yi haka a gaba, makonni 1-2 kafin ranar shuka. Nan da nan kafin a dasa, ana zuba bokitin ruwa (lita 8-10) a cikin kowane ramin da aka shirya. Bayan ya shanye, kasan tamped sai a zuba kasa.

Yana da kyau a rage harbe, cire masu rauni sosai. Kowane ɗayansu ya kamata ya sami buds 3 zuwa 5. Don haɓaka girma, kuna buƙatar datse tushen, cire dogaye da lalacewa. An nitsar da tsiron a cikin ramin don tushen abin wuya ya kasance 3 cm ƙasa da matakin ƙasa. Amparfafa ƙasa da tsire-tsire kuma shayar da ita sosai.

Magana. Kafin dasa shuki, an ba da shawarar dasa shuki a cikin ruwa tsawon awanni 4-6.

Yanayin girma

Don kyakkyawan ci gaba da ci gaban bishiyar daji, wasu sharuɗɗa sun zama dole:

• Zazzabi. Tsirrai na son yanayin zafi mai tsakaitawa, ba tare da hawa-hawa ba kwatsam. Mafi kyawun alamun shine 20-25 digiri Celsius.
• Shayarwa. Too m watering yana contraindicated ga fure. Soilasa mai cike da ruwa yana ƙara haɗarin ruɓuwa. A lokacin rani, ana aiwatar da ruwa sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 5-7, kusa da kaka - sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu, to, musamman ma a lokacin da ake ruwa, a hankali suna tsayawa.
• Top miya. A lokacin bazara, a kalla ana yin sutura 4. Don amfani da takin zamani, ana yin tsagi tare da diamita kusan 30 cm kusa da shuka, wanda aka zubar da farko da ruwa, sannan tare da taki a cikin ruwa. A watan Yuni, kafin a yi fure, ana amfani da taki mai narkewa da nitrogen. Ana amfani da hadaddun ma'adinai da takin duniya don shuke-shuke masu furanni. A lokacin fure, ba a aiwatar da ciyarwa.
• Gulma. Kada a bar ciyawa ta girma a lokacin rani da damina. Suna zana danshi da abubuwa masu amfani ga fure daga ƙasa. Zai fi kyau sakowa a lokacin bushe, don haka ciyawar za ta bushe da sauri. Lokacin amfani da kayan aiki na lambu, tabbatar cewa ruwan bai shiga cikin ƙasa fiye da 3 cm ba.
• Sassautawa yana inganta musayar iska a cikin ƙasa. Sassauta kasar gona a kusa da daji bayan an shayar da ita lokacin da danshi ya shiga ciki. Rashin sassautawa ba shi da karɓa, zai iya lalata asalinsu. Manyan bushes suna kwance a farkon bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta narke, bayan saman miya, da kuma gaban mafaka don hunturu.
• Mulching. Wannan dabarar na taimaka wajan sarrafa ciyayi, da inganta kaddarorin ƙasa da hana yin kamun kafa. Layil 4-6 cm na ciyawa da aka shimfiɗa a kusa da daji ya isa.

Yankan

M pruning an yi sau biyu. A lokacin bazara, ana cire cututtukan da suka lalace, ana yin sikancin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. A lokacin bazara, an datse saman harbe-harben, kuma an cire tushen da sanyi ya shafa.

Mahimmanci! Lokacin datse wardi na Versilia, yakamata a tuna cewa iri-iri suna fure akan harbe na wannan shekarar.

Tsarin kwalliya:

1. Bazara - aka gudanar a shekara ta biyu. Bar harbe na bara (har zuwa 5), ​​yankan saboda ya kasance daga 1 zuwa 6 buds daga farfajiyar ƙasa.
2. Bazara - a kan tsofaffin dazuzzuka, an yanke furanni zuwa farkon toho a ƙarƙashinsu, wanda aka doshi waje. A kan bishiyoyin samari, ba a yi irin wannan kwalliyar ba.
3. Kaka - an yi shi a watan Nuwamba, yana barin harbi cm 40-45. Ba za a iya yin gajeren gajere ba, tsayin da aka nuna ya zama dole don samun nasarar hunturu.

Yadda ake yadawa?

Ana yaduwar wardi ta hanyar yankan. Wannan hanyar kawai ta yaduwar wardi na matasan shayi tana ba ku damar adana kyawawan halaye na al'ada. Ana ɗauke yankan daga lafiya, samari. Yankan tsawon 10-15 cm, ƙananan yanke a kusurwa 1 cm ƙasan koda.

Wurin don scion an tsabtace daga ƙasa, an wanke shi da ruwan da aka zazzage a cikin zafin jiki na ɗaki. An nannade zangon da aka ɗora shi da fim, yana haifar da tasirin greenhouse, kuma an bar shi shi kaɗai na makonni biyu. Bayan ɗan lokaci, sai su duba su ga ko ƙwarjin ya sami tushe.

Ana shirya don hunturu

Fure yana buƙatar tsari. Wajibi ne don ɓoye Versilia ba da wuri ba kafin yanayin sanyi mai ɗorewa ya shigo. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da rassan spruce don tsari, waɗanda aka ɗora a saman bishiyoyin da tsakanin su. Zaka iya amfani da busasshiyar ciyawa da ganye. Bayan haka, an girka firam daga slats, bayanan martaba ko katanga na kore akan tsire-tsire. An sanya mai hita a saman firam ɗin, kuma an rufe fasalin da fim, yana barin maɓuɓɓugan gefen.

Zaɓuɓɓuka masu yawa na tabarau na matasan wardi na wardi suna ba ku damar ƙirƙirar gadon filawa mai ban sha'awa da asali. Kuna iya kallon bayanin, dokokin namo da hotunan Kerio, Black Baccarat, Red Naomi, Anastasia, Blash, Esperanza, Cherry Brandy, Uwargidan Shugaban kasa, Taleya, Augusta Louise iri a shafin yanar gizon mu.

Cututtuka da kwari

A shayi mai dadi ya tashi Versilia na iya yin barazanar ta hanyar kwari masu zuwa:

• Buɗe ganye - butterflies, ƙananan kwari waɗanda abin da ke lalata buds, ganye da harbe. Don kawar da amfani da shirye-shiryen ƙwayoyin cuta, decoctions na albasa, tafarnuwa da taba.
• Aphid - ya bayyana a lokacin bazara kuma ya ninka cikin sauri. Yana tsotse ruwan itace daga tsire-tsire, wanda ke raunana su. Ya kamata a yi yaƙi da Aphids tare da taimakon magungunan kwari (Aktara, Aktellik), maganin sabulu, kayan cinikin barkono, taba.
• Mizanin gizo-gizo - kwari na arachnid, kanana sosai. Suna samar da dunƙulen gizo-gizo a ƙasan ganyen, wanda daga baya ya zama rawaya ya faɗi. Don kawar da shi, kuna buƙatar bi da fure-fure da kwari sau uku (a tsakanin kwanaki 5). An girbe ganyen da abin ya shafa kuma aka kone su.

Mafi sau da yawa, matasan shayi iri suna sa cututtukan fungal:

• tsatsa;
• launin toka;
• foda mai laushi;
• bakin tabo.

Mahimmanci! Dalilin rashin lafiya na wardi shine yawan danshi. Jiyya ya haɗa da amfani da kayan gwari (Topaz, Fundazol da sauran magunguna) da kuma bin ƙa'idodin shayarwa. Yana da mahimmanci kada a cika jika tsire-tsire.

Versilia mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa yana buƙatar kulawa koyaushe, amma kyawun wannan fure ya cancanci duk ƙoƙarin da aka kashe akan noman ta. Wannan kyakkyawan tsari ne na noman a gonar, kusa da gidan. Kyakkyawan peach ba zai bar kowa ba.

Kalli bidiyon: Tofa Bosho Yakama Kwarto A Dakin Matarsa Musha Dariya Video (Mayu 2024).