Menene terry begonia, menene za ayi da dasawa da kulawa a gida, kuma yaya furannin suke a hoto?

Begonia ita ce tsire-tsire na kowa, wanda, saboda yawan ganye da sifofin fure, ya sami karbuwa daga adadi mai yawa na masu shuka fure.

Don girma a gida, ana amfani da nau'ikan matasan. Masu zanen shimfidar wuri basu kyale wannan furen ba saboda launukan sa masu haske, rashin tsari.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi la'akari da hoto na wannan tsire-tsire, kulawar gida, da yiwuwar cututtuka.
Yadda za a haifa wannan kyakkyawa?

Tarihin bayyana

An sami Begonia a 1687 a cikin Antilles. Wanda ya gano shi shi ne masanin botan din Faransa Charles Plumier, wanda ya jagoranci balaguron binciken fure da ke tsiro a wannan yankin. Yawancin bashin da yake bin Michel Begon, shugaban kwata-kwata na mulkin mallaka na Faransa a cikin yankin Caribbean, wanda bai rage kuɗin binciken kimiyya ba. A cikin girmama shi, Plumier ya ba da wata fure da ta gano a tsibirin.

Bayanin shuka

Kimiyya ta san kusan nau'ikan nau'ikan begonias guda 900 da kuma nau'ikan matasan 2,000... Na cikin ajin Furen, jinsi - Begonia. Ganyayyaki suna da siffar da ba ta dace ba, siffar asymmetrical, gefunan suna serrated. Asan ganyen yana da launi ja, launin ruwan kasa ko shuɗi mai duhu. A saman yana da koren kore, wani lokacin yana cakuda da shanyewar jiki. Inflorescences suna da girma, matsakaici da ƙananan.

Launansu sun bambanta:

• rawaya mai haske;
• ja mai duhu;
• ruwan hoda;
• fari;
• lemu mai zaki

Furen mace da namiji ne. Sakamakon ƙididdigar ƙa'idodi daban-daban shine tsaba. Shuka tana tsiro kamar haka:

• ciyawar da ke yaɗuwa a ƙasa;
• bishiyoyi masu tsayi;
• bishiyoyi.

Peasashe

Bayyanar da yadda ake shuka shuki ya sa ya yiwu a raba shi zuwa manyan nau'ikan begonias 5:

1. shrub;
2. abada fure;
3. bututu;
4. kara;
5. saiwa

Kowane nau'in mutum ne. Daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan guda biyar, furanni masu ado da ƙananan kayan lambu masu rarrabuwa kuma ana rarrabe su da al'ada.

1. Kayan kwalliyar kayan kwalliya begonias sananne tare da dogon ganyen succulent yana girma kai tsaye daga asalin. Ganye yana da kyau a cikin kyawawan abubuwa da iri-iri. Suna da launi daga koren haske, azurfa, ja-rawaya zuwa launuka masu launin ruwan kasa masu duhu.

   Wakilan da aka fi nema:

   • Royal begonias;
   • Metallica;
   • Bauer;
   • Cleopatra.
2. Kayan ado na ado yana haɗa shuke-shuke tare da santsi mai sau biyu, a lokaci guda, mai haske, launuka na asali. Duk da yanayin yanayi, begonias na waɗannan ƙananan shirye suna shirye don yin fure a duk lokacin bazara.

   Sanannun iri:

   • Ambasada.
   • Rosemary.
   • Hadaddiyar giyar
   • Gloire de Lorrain.
   • Marina.
   • Terry.

Za ku koya game da yadda Begonia ke da furanni koyaushe suke hayayyafa a nan, kuma a cikin wannan labarin munyi magana game da ƙa'idodin shuka da kulawa na gaba ga wannan nau'in shuka.

A ina yake girma?

Sanannen sanannen sanannen iri iri na begonias shine terry. A cikin talakawa sun sami wannan sunan ne saboda laushin laushi, gefunan su suna kama da makhra. Furewar na daga nau'in tsire-tsire masu fure-fure... Lokacin furanni: farkon bazara - ƙarshen kaka.

Wani lokaci begonia bazai zubar da ganye ba don lokacin hunturu da furanni duk shekara. Tsirrai yana da sauƙin samu akan windows windows na ɗakunan, kuma a lokacin rani akan baranda, gadajen filawa. Babban abu shine a nemo mata wuri mai kyau. Yana son terry begonia m inuwa, amma akwai nau'ikan masoyan rana. Har ila yau, ya kamata ku tabbatar da zafi a cikin ɗakin yana 60-70%, amma a lokaci guda, danshi bai kamata ya hau kan ganyen ba. Ba a ba da shawarar yin feshi ba.

Hasken wuta

Terry begonias kamar haske mai haske, duk da haka, ba tare da shiga cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Bar yana da saukin kamuwa da zafi sosai, ƙonewa na iya faruwa. A lokacin bazara, yana buƙatar watsa haske. Hakanan, don ci gaba iri ɗaya, ya kamata a juya fure tare da kowane gefe zuwa rana. Yi wannan lokaci-lokaci, kusan sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu. A lokacin sanyi, ba zai yi ba tare da ƙarin hasken haske ba.

Kasar gona

Don kiwo begonias, an ba da fifiko ga tukwane da aka yi da yumbu tare da tilas na tilas, irin waɗannan kwantena an banbanta su da ganuwar raɗaɗi, waɗanda ke tabbatar da kwararar iska zuwa cikin ƙasa. Tushen cikin waɗannan tukwanen za su numfasa. Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama sako-sako da, haske, wadatar da ma'adanai.

Irin wannan abun an kirkireshi ne ta cakuda yashi kogi, peat, ƙasa mai laushi, yumbu. Kuma mafi kyawun zaɓi shine siyan ƙasa mai shirye. Kafin dasa shuki, kowane ƙasa ya kamata a dumama kuma a ɗan jika shi da ruwan da aka daidaita, zazzabin ɗaki.

Kulawar gida: yadda ake datsa yadda yakamata kuma me za'a ciyar?

Terry begonia baya da buƙata, amma don haɓaka mai yawa da kyawawan furanni, yana da mahimmanci a kula da kyawawan halaye don kiyaye shi.

1. Tsarin zazzabi ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin kewayon +19 zuwa 24 ° С, a lokacin sanyi ba ƙasa da + 16 ° С. Shuka ta fi son ɗakuna masu sanyi da iska mai ɗumi. Yana da Dole a kai a kai iska iska, amma kada ka bar fure a cikin wani daftarin. Canje-canjen yanayin zafin yanayi na iya shafar yanayin sa. A lokacin bazara, ya kamata a fitar da begonia zuwa iska mai kyau.
2. A lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara, ana shayar da furar cikin gida sau biyu a mako. A cikin yanayin zafi, ana aiwatar da shayarwa kowace rana. Amma ka tabbata ka tabbatar da cewa ruwan ba ya daskarewa a cikin tukunyar, in ba haka ba saiwar jijiya na iya ruɓewa. Ya kamata ƙasa ta bushe tsakanin waterings. A lokacin kaka-hunturu, shayarwa kadan ne, tsiron yana hutawa. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata a ɗauka kawai zaunar ko dafa shi.
3. Kar ka manta game da koto. Terry Begonia ana ciyar dashi sau ɗaya a kowace kwanakin 7-10, zai fi dacewa da takin mai ma'adinai. A lokacin hunturu, bai kamata a yi amfani da suturar sama ba.
4. Tsirrai na cikin gida suna buƙatar yankan kai-a kai, yayin da masu tushe da sauri suke miƙewa, suna ɗaukar mummunan yanayi. Yankan zai zama mai amfani don inganta tsarin furanni, samuwar kambi, da sabunta rayuwar begonias. Ana aiwatar da aikin tare da wuka mai kaifi.
   • Farkon yankewa: tsayin dasa daga 7-10 cm. Yanke 2-3 cm don bashi sura mai kyau. Bayan aikin, an rage adadin ruwa mai shigowa na mako 1, to ya kamata a dawo da shayarwa.
   • Yankewa na biyu: hanyoyin tafiyar a kaikaice sun kai tsayin 10-15 cm Ya zama dole a sare saman, wanda zai taimaka wa ɓoyayyiyar gefen ci gaban.
   • Pruning na gaba: idan ya cancanta, daidaita fasalin, cire busassun ganye, twan itace.

Hoto

A hoto zaku iya ganin yadda furannin jan Terry Begonia suke.

Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari

Babban dalilin da ƙarshe na flowering da kuma dumping na buds, ganye ne bai dace kula ba. Begonia na iya zama batun cututtukan da ke tafe:

• Maganin fure... Ganye ya lullube da farin farin ya mutu. Yanayi mai kyau ga wannan cuta shine iska mai bushewa, canjin yanayi mai kaifi, da kuma zayyanawa. Don magance fure-fure, ana amfani da feshi tare da fungicide ko sulfur.
• Ruwan toka... A kan harbe-harbe da furanni, an samo wuraren ruwa mai launin toka tare da toka mai toka, sannan juya launin ruwan kasa. Gwanin ganye, mai tushe ya ruɓe Wannan cutar tana tasowa ne a muhallin da ke da tsananin ɗumi da ƙarancin iska. Ana kula da tsire-tsire tare da 1% maganin ruwa na Bordeaux.
• Aphid... Ana yakar wannan kwaro ta hanyar sarrafa celandine jiko, da shirye-shirye tare da pyrethrum ko broth albasa.
• Mizanin gizo-gizo... Bayyanar wani sirara mai sihiri akan ganyayyaki yana nuna kasancewar wannan ƙwarin, wanda ke son ƙarancin yanayin cikin gida. An lalata kaska tare da maganin sabulu, yana kula da kowane ganyen begonia. Idan barnar tayi yawa, ana kula dasu da kayan kwari.

Sake haifuwa

Mafi na kowa hanyoyi na kiwo begonia - tsaba, cuttings ko tubers.

1. An shuka iri a farkon Fabrairu. An zaɓi akwati mai dacewa don wannan, tare da magudanan ruwa. An zuba ƙasa don begonia a ciki, sa'annan an shuka iri da kansu, ana yayyafa 2-3 mm na ƙasa a saman. An shimfiɗa filastik filastik a saman akwati. An shuka tsaba a cikin yanayin + 23 - + 25 ° С. Kowace rana ana cire fim ɗin, idan ya cancanta, ana shayar da ƙasa. Bayan makonni 2-3, harbe na farko sun bayyana.
2. Hanyar kayan lambu. Yanke lafiyayyen shukar kuma nan da nan sai ku jujjuya shi a cikin abin da aka shirya a baya. Ana iya zama sawdust, cakuda peat da yashi. Rufe tare da fim mai haske. Kar ka manta game da yin iska na yau da kullun na akwati. Bayan kwanaki 10-14, zaka ga asalinsu, kuma bayan wasu sati 2, ana dasa sabon a cikin tukunya. Wannan hanyar ita ce mafi kyau a yi ta bazara.
3. Daga kaka, yakamata a adana tubers ɗin lafiya na begonia a cikin akwati tare da peat, gansakuka ko zafin nama a cikin ɗaki mai zafin jiki na + 6 ° C. A lokacin bazara, makonni 2 kafin a dasa, ya kamata a ƙara yawan zafin jiki zuwa + 18 ° C don haka tsiron ya toshe. A wannan matakin, ana iya ciyar da begonia tare da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya. Tare da bayyanar kananan harbe-harbe, ana dasa shukar a cikin tukunya daban.

Tabbas Terry Begonia tabbas zai zama sarauniyar gidanku, saboda launuka iri-iri da kuma yanayi mara izini. Babban abu shine kawai a bi sauƙaƙe shawarwari don dacewa da tsire-tsire. Ita kuma, bi da bi, zata gode muku da furanni mai haske da shuke-shuke. Yanzu kun san komai game da begonias, gami da dasa shi da sifofin kula da shi.

Kalli bidiyon: Chief Oliver de Coque - Oma Obi Dia Official Audio (Yuni 2024).