Iri-iri na nau'ikan Agave: Agave attenuata da sauran dangi
Agave tsire-tsire ne mai tsayi wanda ba shi da tushe wanda yake dangi ne na cacti da aloe (karanta a nan yadda za a rarrabe agave daga murtsatse da aloe). Ana ɗaukar Mexico asalin mahaifar wannan fure, amma kuma tana girma a cikin Caucasus, Arewacin Amurka da Crimea. Agave ya sami sunanta ne don girmama diyar sarkin tarihin Girka kuma an fassara shi da - daraja, ɗaukaka, ɗaukaka da isa ga mamaki. Ganyen Agave yana da nau'ikan da nau'ikan da yawa, waɗanda za'a tattauna akan su a cikin wannan labarin - zaku iya gano menene ɗan Mexico da sauran nau'ikan fure da yawa, ga hotunansu.
Nau'o'in shuke-shuke na cikin gida - sunaye da hotuna
Ba'amurke (Agave americana)
Wannan nau'in yana dauke da bitamin da kuma ma'adanai da yawa. Hakanan ana ɗauka ɗayan mafi ingancin magunguna a magungunan gargajiya. Homelandasar wannan nau'in ita ce Amurka ta Tsakiya, amma kuma ya sami tushe a cikin Rasha, a wurare kamar bakin Bahar Maliya na Caucasus da kuma a gefen kudancin Crimea.
Agave na Amurka tsirrai ne mai kauri, gajarta da kuma rosette na ganye mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, wanda tsawon sa ya kai mita 2. Ganyayyakin suna da tsayi mai tsayi, wanda saman sa an murɗe shi zuwa bututu mai tsini.
Babban shrub ɗin wannan nau'in a faɗi zai iya kai girman daga mita 3 zuwa 4. Furewar na faruwa ne kimanin shekara 6 - 15.
A lokacin furanni, wata babbar kibiya (6-12 m) tana tsirowa daga cikin daddaɗin rosette a ƙarshen wanda ƙananan furanni da yawa suke bayyana.
Wannan nau'in yana da ƙananan raƙuman ruwa da yawa, waɗanda suka bambanta da launin ganyen:
- agave americana marginata - ganye suna da gefuna masu rawaya masu haske;
- agave americana mediopicta - madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar rawaya tana tsakiyar tsakiyar ganyen.
Filifera
Agave filifera, ko filamentous, yana girma cikin faɗin Mexico. Plantananan tsire-tsire ne masu ganyayyaki masu wuya, wanda a kansa akwai adadi masu yawa na farin zare, daga abin da sunan jinsin ya fito.
Shuke-shuke karamin daji ne mai danshi tare da daskararren bishiyar matte. Suna da lanceolate kuma suna girma a tsayi daga 15 zuwa 20 cm.
A saman ganyayyaki yana da siffa mai kaifi kuma ya zama launin toka a kan lokaci. Filaye farin sirara suna kusa da kewayen ganye.
Akwai ragi da yawa:
- agave filifera subsp. filifera;
- agave filifera subsp. microceps;
- agave filifera subsp. multifilifera;
- agave filifera subsp. schidigera.
Sarauniya Victoria (Victoria-reginae)
Yana daya daga cikin kyawawan halittu a wannan gidan. Theasar asalin wannan nau'in shine tsaunuka masu tsayi na jihar Nuevo Leon ta Mexico. Ana kiran wannan tsiron bayan mai mulkin Ingilishi - Sarauniya Victoria.
Sarauniya Victoria Agave kyakkyawa ce, ƙaramar shrub ce mai daɗi, ganye kore duhu. Suna da kyakkyawar siffar lanceolate kuma sunyi girma zuwa tsayin 15 cm kawai.
Wannan nau'in yana da spines kawai a saman.
Lantasa farin layi tare da ganye.
Sisal (Sisalana)
Sisal agave, ko kuma kawai Sisal, ya shahara ne saboda manyan ganyaye masu tauri, wanda daga shi ake yin fiber wanda ake kira sisal, wanda ya zama dole don samar da igiyoyi, raga, yadudduka, da sauransu.
Wannan asalin ya samo asali ne daga kudancin Mexico, a yankin Yucatan. Sakamakon haka, godiya ga ƙananan zaren da aka samo daga ganyayyaki, ya bazu zuwa yawancin yankuna masu zafi da ƙauyuka. Mafi yawanci ana noma shi ne a cikin Brazil, kasancewar wannan ƙasa ita ce jagora a cikin samar da zaren sisal.
Wannan jinsin shine babban rosette na ganyen xiphoid. Tsawon su na iya zuwa mita 2.5. Akwai ƙaya da yawa tare da gefen ƙananan ganye, waɗanda suka ɓace a kan lokaci.
Sisal agate yana fure sau ɗaya kawai a rayuwa.
A lokacin furanni, wata doguwar fure mai fulawa ba zato ba tsammani ta fito daga mashigar, wanda a kanta ne ake samun ɓarnayen corymbose na fure masu yawa-koren furanni. Bayan fure, shukar ta mutu.
Blue Agave (Azul)
Wannan nau'in ana kiransa tequila (agave tequilana) ko Mexico agave, tunda daga shuɗin agave ne ake yin abin sha na gargajiya na Mexico - ana yin tequila.
Ba a yi shuɗin shuke-shuken shuke shuken shuke-shuke ba yayin da yake keɓewa kawai cikin yanayin bushewa da yanayin daji. Tana zaune ne kawai a ƙasar Meziko.
Agave mai launin shudi yana da shuɗin shuɗi mai tsayi wanda yake xiphoid. Fuskokinsu suna da wuya kuma suna da kyau, kuma ganyayyakin suna cike da ruwan itace a ciki.
Kuna iya samun ƙarin nuances game da shuɗin Agave a nan.
Vilmoriniana
Aya daga cikin nau'ikan da ba a saba da su ba na gidan agave. An shuka wannan tsiron ne bayan Maurice de Vilmorin, wanda ya kasance masanin botan Faransa wanda ya tsunduma cikin gandun daji da dendrology. An fara gano wannan furen ne a cikin jihar Guadalajara. Ya fi girma a yankin Mexico mai duwatsu.
Babban fasalin wannan nau'in shine sabon abu mai ban mamaki, wanda fasalinsa yayi kama da dorinar ruwa. Ganyen wannan furen dogaye ne, a jere cikin sifa, gefunan waxanda ke da dan kaxan.
Zuwa can karshen, ganyayyaki sun fara yin taushi da naɗewa, wanda ya sa tsiron yayi kama da daskararre dorinar ruwa, wanda ya baje shimfidarsa.
Suna da launin shuɗi mai shuɗi mai haske da fasalin marmara mai duhu akan farfajiya.
Viviparous iri-iri (Vivipara)
Nau'in da yafi na kowa kuma saboda haka sunansa yana da ma'ana iri iri. Ya girma a Mexico, Afirka ta Kudu da Fotigal.
Yana da tsire-tsire wanda ke girma har zuwa 80 cm a tsayi kuma kusan iri ɗaya a faɗi. Yana da fure mai faɗi, tare da zane mai kaifi mai siffar xiphoid. Faɗin ganye ya bambanta daga 4 zuwa 10 cm, kuma inuwarsu ta fara ne daga koren launin toka zuwa kore mai haske.
Abubuwan da aka bambanta na wannan nau'in ana iya gani ne kawai yayin furanni. Yana da ɗayan manyan maɓuɓɓuka, wanda ya kai tsawon har zuwa mita 5.
A samansa, yawancin inflorescences an ƙirƙira su da manyan furanni masu launin rawaya. Akwai nau'ikan da yawa:
- agave vivipara var. vivipara;
- agave vivipara var. deweyana;
- agave vivipara var. letonae;
- agave vivipara var. nivea;
- agave vivipara var. sargentii.
Kai tsaye (Stricta)
Nau'in kayan ado ne daga dangin agave. Kasar haihuwarsa ita ce jihar Pueblo ta Mexico. Wannan nau'in yana da ganyaye masu laushi masu kyau, wadanda aka dan fadada su a gindi kuma kwatsam sai su zama masu layi biyu, kuma an nuna saman su nan bada jimawa ba. Wani lokaci ganyayyaki na iya lanƙwasa kaɗan.
Rosette yana da launuka da yawa kuma mai faɗi. Tare da shekaru, wannan tsire-tsire yana farawa zuwa reshe kuma yana da yawa-rosette. Gwanin yana da tsayi sosai kuma ya kai tsawon mita 2.5.
Mezikok
Wani tsire-tsire mai ɗorewa na ado tare da ganye mai kauri oblong. Siffar ganyen shine xiphoid tare da tushe mai lankwasawa, kuma tare gefen gefan ana tsara su da gefuna. Suna da kunkuntar saman, tare da karamin kashin baya. A saman ganye alama ce da halayyar ɗanɗano mai banƙyama. Agave na Mexico yana da launi mai ƙanshi mai rawaya tare da ratsi mai tsawo.
Erarshe (Deserti)
Yana zaune a yankunan hamada da gangaren dutse na California da Arizona. Wannan shukar tana samarda rosette na ganye mai launin toka-koren ganye, tsayinsa zai iya kaiwa daga 20 zuwa 70 cm. spines masu kaifi suna nan a gefuna da kuma ƙarshen ganyen.
Yana fara toho tsakanin shekara 20 zuwa 40, bayan haka kuma shuka ta mutu.
Ba zato ba tsammani aka jefa ƙwanƙolin daga tsakiyar mashigar kuma ya kai tsayin mita 6. A ƙarshenta akwai fure tare da furanni masu launin rawaya masu launin rawaya, tsayinsu bai wuce 6 cm ba.
Akwai ragi biyu:
- Agave deserti var. deserti - an rarrabe shi da rotse da yawa da bututun da ke kusa da mmho 3-5 mm. Ya tsiro ne kai tsaye a cikin faɗin Kudancin California.
- Agave deserti var. simplex - wannan nau'ikan yana da rotse guda ɗaya ko fiye da kuma bututun pericolor daga 5 zuwa 10 mm tsayi. Noma a Arizona da Kudancin California.
Parry (Parryi)
Jinsi ne na musamman wanda yayi kama da Parrasa agave. Noma a cikin yankuna masu yashi mai duwatsu a kudancin Amurka da Mexico. Yana da ɗan madaidaiciyar maɗaukakiyar Rosette, tare da elongated ovidence leaves. An nuna saman ganyen tare da ƙaramar ƙaya mai duhu.
A diamita na wani girma shuka wannan nau'in iya kai har zuwa 1.5 m.
Tsarin launi ya kasance daga koren haske zuwa launin toka-kore. Abubuwan inflorescences suna girma zuwa tsawo na 20 cm kuma suna yin kusan tassels 30, tare da furanni masu launuka da yawa.
An zana (Attenuata)
Wakili mai ban sha'awa na gidan agave, wanda zai iya girma har a cikin ƙaramin tukunya. Ofasar wannan nau'in ita ce garin Jalisco, wanda ke cikin jihar Guadalajara ta Mexico.
Wannan jinsin yana da sifa mai lankwasa., mai kama da wuyan swan, wanda ya kai tsayinsa kusan mita 1. Yana da ruwan itace mai laushi, mai santsi wanda bai fi tsayin cm 60 ba. Yana da launi mai haske daga launin toka zuwa launuka masu launin kore-rawaya. Kafin furanni, saiwar ta bayyana kuma ta watsar da ɓangaren bushiya na sama. Rashin hasken yana da tsayi sosai kuma zai iya kai wa mita 3 a tsayi.
Kammalawa
Wasu nau'ikan agave cikakke ne don kiyayewa cikin gida, idan har akwai wadatar rana a lokacin sanyi da bazara. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, wannan tsire-tsire zai kawata kowane ciki kuma zai faranta ido tsawon shekaru da yawa.