Kyakkyawan kyau Modan tsiraici begonia: yadda za a kula da wannan gidan shukar?

Nunin beonia tsirara shine mafi ƙarancin wadatattun 'yan uwanta masu fahariya, masu son girman kai, masu kyawu. Amma yaya kyawun wannan mace mai jin kunya take da kyau a cikin lambuna da wuraren shakatawa, a dachas da cikin gidajen ƙasa, tana yin ado da verandas, gazebos, baranda, kayan kwalliyar furanni da gadajen furanni.

Zamuyi magana game da sifofin wannan fure, ƙa'idodin dasa shuki, kula da shi da kuma yiwuwar matsaloli a cikin labarinmu. Hakanan zai zama da amfani don kallon bidiyo mai ban sha'awa akan batun.

Bayanin tsirrai da tarihin asali

Wannan ganye mai ban mamaki yana da dadadden tarihi. Begonia ta sami sunanta ne don girmama Gwamnan Haiti Begon a ƙarni na 18... Michel Begon ya maimaita sunansa saboda kaunarsa ga tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa. Sananne ne cewa ya tanadi balaguro wanda wani fitaccen masanin binciken - masani na botan Charles Plumier ya jagoranta don yin nazari da gano filayen West Indies. A can ne aka gano wannan furen, wanda ba a san shi ba har zuwa lokacin a duniya, wanda aka sa wa sunan babban majiɓincin Haiti.

Begonia sananniya ce sosai a cikin yankuna masu zafi da na Amurka, kudu maso gabashin Afirka, tana girma ne a tsibirin Socotra da Madagascar, Antilles. A yau akwai nau'ikan begonias fiye da dubu, kuma yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan abinci ne, ba za a kirga su ba.

Wannan kyakkyawan wakilin na flora an raba shi gida uku:

• Deciduous begonia, ba shi da tushe, kuma rikitattun ganyayyaki a kan kafafuwa masu laushi suna girma kai tsaye daga tushen da ke rarrafe. Yawancin lokaci irin wannan sarauniyar begonia tana zaune akan loggias, taga taga.
• Shrub begonia, ana kiran shi murjani, ja, mai daɗaɗɗen fure. Abubuwan da yake da shi yana cikin tushe, da alama yana da gwuiwar gwiwa, kaɗan kamar ƙaran gora, kawai a cikin rage kwafi. Wannan baiwar Allah kuma ba ta son lambun, amma tana jin daɗi a cikin rufaffiyar sarari, ta yi jijiya sosai kuma ta ji a gida.
• Bugun katako, ana iya ɗaukarta da gaskiya matsayin uwargidan dachas da makircin gida. Tun daga farkon bazara har zuwa kaka, wannan furen mai ban mamaki yana fure da yabanya. Amma akwai keɓaɓɓu guda ɗaya - ba ya jurewa kai tsaye rana da iska.

Bayyanar

HANKALI: Gabaɗaya, begonia tana da nau'ikan 900 da yawa iri-iri! Daya daga cikinsu tsirara begonia. Ba daidaituwa ba aka sanya sunan begon mara: wannan fure yana da dogon tsire-tsire marasa tushe, suna da alama suna tafiya tare da bishiyoyi masu goyan baya, wani lokacin saiwar ta girma har zuwa mita huɗu.

Ganyen begonia tsirara suna da tsayi (har zuwa 9 cm), masu faɗi (kusan 7 cm), mai kama da kwai - mai santsi, mai sheki, an nuna shi kaɗan zuwa saman kuma lebur a gindi. Gyare-gyare an yi su ne bisa gajerun yankuna, wanda bai wuce 2 cm ba. Ganyayyaki suna girma a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya, a gefe ɗaya da ɗaya daga cikin jijiyar.

Begonia furanni tsirara farare, ƙarami, an tattara a cikin peculiar bunches - inflorescences... Suna yin ado, kamar mai laushi mai laushi ko fari-mai launin ruwan hoda, dutsen dawa, bishiyoyin da aka rufe da gansakuka. Kuma abin sha’awa, furannin maza suna da fulawoyi 4, kuma furannin mata suna da 5.

A cikin yankinmu, begonia ba shi da ma'ana, mai sauƙin daidaitawa, ya dace da mazauni da yanayin gida. Begonia tana son zama a wani wuri a cikin kogon dutse ko kan tsofaffin bishiyoyi, asalinsu. Babban abu shine wurare masu inuwa, dazuzzuka cike da danshi. Begonia ba zata iya jure zafin rana mai ci ba.

A ina da yadda ake shuka?

Nunin begonia tsiro ne mai ban sha'awa, an shuka shi a cikin ɗakuna da kuma a cikin greenhouses... Zai fi kyau dasa shi kowace shekara, a matsayin mafaka ta ƙarshe, bayan shekara guda, koyaushe a cikin bazara. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a adana tushen ƙwallon yayin yin hakan. Yawancin lokaci ana dasa furannin begonia a cikin kwantena masu faɗi, amma mara ƙanƙan, tunda tushen begonia yana kusa da yanayin ƙasa.

Dokoki da tukwici

Zai fi kyau a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa a farkon Yuni:

1. Kafin dasa shuki, kwanaki 6-7, kuna buƙatar taurara ƙwayoyin. Ana sanya Begonia a cikin ɗaki mai haske. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a kiyaye tsarin yanayin zafin jiki: + 23 ... + 27 ° С da rana, da daddare zafin ya sauka zuwa + 15 ° С.
2. Zai fi kyau a sanya rijiyoyin a nesa na 20-35 cm daga juna. Kuma idan an dasa begonias a cikin rataye filayen kwantena da kwantena, to 10 cm tsakanin ramuka ya isa sosai.
3. Zurfin ramin dasa kai tsaye ya dogara da girman irin shuka.
4. Yi hankali, la'akari da raunin da karawar kara.
5. Ka tuna da ƙurar tushe na tushe da ƙasa.
6. Kafin dasa shuki, a hankali "ciyar" da ƙasa tare da potassium - taki phosphorus.

Haske da wuri

Kafin ka daidaita kyawawan kyawawan abubuwa a shafinka, kana buƙatar la'akari da cewa Begonia tana son inuwa, hasken rana kai tsaye ana hana shi.

Bukatun ƙasa

M begonia yana jin daɗi kawai a cikin ƙasa mai kyau, wanda lallai ya hada da ƙasa mai yalwa, peat, humus da yashi. Bayan dasa shuki, yawanci ana yayyafa ƙasa da humus ko toka. Rufe shukar da daddare, musamman idan dare ya yi sanyi. Wani lokaci, don saukakawa, suna siyan samfurin da aka shirya wanda ya ƙunshi peat da perlite.

Kulawa

Zai fi kyau a ɗaura sandarwar begonia mara ƙarfi don kar ta karye.

Ana ciyar da 'ya'yan itace sau biyu a wata tare da sodium humate, takin mai magani tare da babban sinadarin nitrogen ko takin mai magani. Lokacin da begonia ta girma, zaku iya ciyar da ita da takin mai magani sau ɗaya a wata. Wasu masu yankunan kewayen birni takin begonia tare da maganin taki. Babban abu anan shine kiyaye tsayin 1:10, in ba haka ba zaku iya cutar da shukar.

Kuma a lokacin bazara, baku buƙatar takin ƙasar kwata-kwata. Anan, babban aikin shine ruwan sha iri ɗaya, wanda ke buƙatar kiyaye danshi. Shayar da begonia zai fi dacewa da sassafe ko kuma da yamma... Ruwan ya zama dumi.

Ba za ku iya shayar da begonia da rana ba, kuna iya ƙona ganye, wanda a matsayinka na mai mulki, ya faɗi. Kuma idan kun shayar da begonia a cikin zafi, to zaku iya halakar da duk tushen tsarin.

A cikin kaka da hunturu, yana da amfani sosai don tsabtace begonia daga tsohuwar inflorescences, ganye... Begonia mai tsananin damuwa, kasancewar yana cikin gida, yana buƙatar samun iska na yau da kullun. Kuma begonia shima baya son fesawa; domin shayar da iska, ana zuba ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi daban.

MUHIMMANCI: Ruwa yana da yawa a lokacin rani kuma matsakaici a kaka da damuna. Begonia tana shirin hutawa, sashin iska ya bushe, an cire shi, kuma an ƙaddara furannin a cikin bushe, wuri mai sanyi na tsawon watanni 2-3. Yanayin zafin jiki - 10 - 12 ° C. Ana iya yin danshi a wasu lokuta.

Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari

• Idan kayi overdo shi da danshi da kuma shayarwa, to begonia zata kamu da rashin lafiya, kamuwa da ciwon toka zai bayyana. Yi hankali musamman a lokacin hunturu.
• Idan dakin yayi zafi, kaska na iya farawa.
• Idan kun sami moɗa a cikin kwalaye tare da ƙwayoyin begonia, kuna buƙatar yayyafa shi da murƙushin da aka kunna. Kar a goge molin.
• Aphids da mites sune mafi yawan kwari.
• Ka tuna! Dole ne a kiyaye Begonia daga iska da ruwan sama.
• Powdery mildew, cututtukan fungal suna haifar da lalata tushe, ganye, asalinsu. Guji yawan shan ruwa da shiga ruwa akan ganyen.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Yana da mahimmanci a lura da hakan tsirara begonia tana yaduwa cikin sauki ta hanyar daskarar da yankan itace da ruwa da kuma cikin kasa... Yakamata ya zama yakamata a daidaita daidai na peat, yashi da ganshin sphagnum, ko kuma za'a iya amfani da cakuda perlite da peat, za'a iya amfani da shi a cikin perlite mai kyau.

An sani cewa begonias ana yaduwa ta hanyar tushe da ganye, ta hanyar rarraba tubers da daji.

Tubul

1. A ƙarshen kaka, lokacin da ɓangaren ƙasa na begonia ya bushe, an cire shi.
2. An tono tubers, an tsabtace shi, an kashe shi da magani mai rauni na manganese ko kayan gwari. Ajiye a cikin akwatin katako tare da yashi ko busasshiyar peat. Yana da mahimmanci a sanya shi a cikin rufaffiyar ɗaki tare da zazzabin + 5 ... + 7 ° С.
3. A tsakiyar Maris, tubers sun fara tsirowa, ana matsa su cikin ƙasa da rabin tuber. Ya kamata ƙasa ta haɗu a gaba kamar yadda ake dasa shuki. Tushen don germination na begonia ya ƙunshi humus, peat, ƙasa mai laushi, yashi.
4. Ana sanya tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a wuri mai haske, ƙ harƙashe, matsakaici moistened, kuma baya shuka a cikin bude ƙasa.

Kalli bidiyo game da dasa tuban begonia:

Tsaba

Akwai wata hanyar kuma don yada begonias - ta tsaba., amma yana da matukar cin lokaci da damuwa:

1. Shuka ta fara a watan Disamba. Ana amfani da substrate iri ɗaya kamar na tubers masu toho. An rarraba tsaba a cikin kwalaye, ɗauke su da sauƙi da hannuwanku. Ba a buƙatar yayyafa tsaba da ƙasa.
2. Ana tsammanin toshewa na kimanin makonni uku. Ana ba da shawarar rufe kwalaye da gilashi a lokacin da irin ya tsiro, amma dole ne a buɗe gilashin a kai a kai don guje wa haɗuwa da yawa.
3. Sannan ana nitsar da tsirrai sau uku, yayin da suke girma, kuma daga nan ne ake dasa su a kananan tukwane don yin narkar. Begonia tana shirin sauka.

Kammalawa

Nunin begonia yana da rauni sosai kuma yana da damuwa, yana buƙatar haɓaka hankali da halin damuwa. Amma yadda ta faranta mana rai da kyawawan furanninta da kuma reshen reshenta, yadda take gwanancewa har ma da matsuguni mafi kyau, tana ba da farin ciki, salama, kwanciyar hankali.

Kalli bidiyon: KYAKKYAWAN DA MATAN KANNYWOOD KE RUBUBI (Yuli 2024).