Furen da ba a saba gani ba Echeveria Miranda: duk abubuwan marmarin wannan shukar
Echeveria ya yi fice a cikin nau'ikan sifofi, launuka da laushi na succulents. Saboda kamanninta na yau da kullun, ya sami sunan haɗin gwiwa "dutse ya tashi".
Echeveria yana da tushe sosai a cikin gidaje da kuma ofisoshin ofishi, kodayake mahaifarta ita ce kudancin Amurka: Mexico, Peru, California, Texas.
Manyan koren Echeveria tare da shuke-shuke masu kyalli masu kyalli waɗanda suke yin fure-fure mai kama da buɗaɗɗen fure a cikin siga. Tsarin tsire-tsire mara fa'ida, na iya jure hasken rana kai tsaye.
Bayanin tsirrai
Echeveria Miranda (latche Eveveria Miranda) shahararren nau'in ne tsakanin masu noman fure. An bayyana shi da kasancewar ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan rotse a kan ɗan gajeren tushe. Succulent yana kama da furannin lotus.
Dabbobin masu kiwo ne suka hayayyafa kuma suna da haɗuwa, saboda haka ganyenta ya zo da launuka da launuka iri-iri: lilac, pinkish, yellow, azurfa da sauransu.
Dutse fure ne tsirrai mai dorewa tare da m ganye da aka nuna a ƙarshen. Wadannan ganyayyaki masu dumbin yawa sun ninka cikin fure kamar furannin fure. Matsakaicin girman ganyayyaki ya kai kimanin 25 cm kuma 15 cm faɗi. Jigon, yana riƙe da dukkan ganye a kansa, wani lokacin zai iya zama ba ya iya gani ga ido, wani lokacin kuma ya kan kai har 70 cm.
Hoto
Muna ba ku don ganin hoto na Echeveria.
Kulawa da gida
Yawancin kulawar ana kulawa dasu bisa ga ka'idojin asali., wanda za'a tattauna a ƙasa.
Don adana haske na launi na irin wannan Echeveria, ana ba da shuka da hasken rana koyaushe. An ba da izinin watsa kogunan haske, ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
- Jin zafin iska mai dadi a lokacin rani shine 23-25 C. A lokacin hunturu, sanyaya ƙasa da 6 C.
- Ana yin shayarwa cikin matsakaici, ba tare da fesa ganyen ba, saboda wannan yana haifar da tsarin rubewar su. A lokacin hunturu, a lokacin da dormant ke shuki, ana rage yawan ruwa da yawan ban ruwa. Succulent ana shayar dashi da ruwan da aka zaƙu ne kawai a cikin kwanon rufi kuma ana nome ƙasa kai tsaye Danshi a jikin ganyayyaki da tushe zai haifar da sakamako mai lalacewa.
- Shuka tana jin daɗi a cikin yaduwar haske, ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, ganyayyakin zasu zama masu yawa, gefunan su a hankali zasu zama ja. Idan tsire yana cikin gida kwanan nan, ana fallasa shi na ɗan gajeren lokaci, a hankali yana ƙara yawan "sunbathing".
- Ba a buƙatar yanke kayan Echeveria. A ƙarshen lokacin furannin, an datse harbe-harbe tare da rotse don daɗin yaɗuwar shuka.
- Succulents na hamada suna bunƙasa a cikin low-pH, ƙasa mai ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki. An sayi sinadarin a shagon da aka yiwa lakabi da "don succulents (cacti)" ko kuma aka samar da kansa daga ƙasa, yashi mara nauyi da dutsen da ya karye (ko yumɓu mai yalwa) a cikin sassan daidai. Ana zuba smallan ƙananan duwatsu a cikin kasan tukunyar don ƙirƙirar tasirin jiƙa duwatsun da hana zaman ruwa. Koyaya, yayin aiwatarwa da haɓaka, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da wakilin da ya dace da ciyar da cacti. Babu buƙatar hadi a cikin hunturu.
- An ɗauke tukunya don zurfin zurfin, 1-2 cm girma fiye da diamita na fure kanta. Ana maraba da akwati tare da adadi mai yawa na ramuka magudanan ruwa. Ana dashen fure a kowane shekara 1-2, ban da dasa shukar da aka shigo da ita daga shago ko gandun daji.
Sake haifuwa
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shuka sabon Echeveria: amfani da tsaba, ganye, sama ko fure. Hanyoyin kiwo:
- Yada yaduwa yayi la'akari da mafi yawan lokacin cinyewa. Ana biyan farashin ma'aikata ta ƙananan farashin tsaba. Hanyar tana tattare da cikakken rashin tabbaci na kyakkyawan sakamako.
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin cakuda peat da yashi a farkon bazara zuwa mafi ƙarancin zurfin kuma an rufe shi da fim a saman. Ana yin shayarwa ta hanyar fesa shuka daga kwalbar feshi.
Kula da yawan zafin jiki a 23-25 C yana haifar da sandaro, wanda ake share shi lokaci-lokaci daga kayan suturar. Shirya airing lokaci-lokaci. Seedlings germinate cikin makonni biyu. Bayan haka, an cire fim ɗin kuma bayan 'yan watanni, an dasa tsiro da aka ƙarfafa a cikin ƙananan kwantena dabam dabam. Galibi wannan hanyar ba a aiwatar da ita a gida saboda tsawon lokacinta da kwazonta.
Yaduwar ganye ya fi sauƙi, amma bai dace da kowane nau'in tunani ba. Ganyen da aka sare ya sami jijiya sosai har tsawon sati 1 a cikin yashi ko ƙasa mai laushi. Healthyananan ganye mai lafiya ya rabu da shukar kuma ya bar shi ya bushe don kauce wa samuwar ruɓewa. Shirya substrate: sassan duniya biyu da wani yashi, yafa masa perlite a saman cakuda.
An jika ƙasa daga kwalbar feshi, sa'annan a shigar da takardar 'yan milimita a ciki a kusurwa, a ɗan latsa ta a ciki. An rufe akwatin da tsare kuma zazzabin ya ci gaba a 23-25 C. Ana watsa shuke-shuke a kowace rana, kuma ƙasa tana da danshi yayin da yake bushewa. Bayan makonni 2-3, jariran farko na farko za su bayyana. Lokacin da ganyen mahaifa ya bushe, ana dasa sabbin shuke-shuke a cikin tukwane ɗayansu kuma daga baya a kula dasu kamar dai su shuke-shuke ne na manya.
- Sake buguwa na echeveria ta saman yana faruwa yayin da tsayin shukar yayi tsayi sosai. A wannan yanayin, an yanke saman tare da wuka mai kaifi kuma ƙananan ganye suna rabu da wannan ɓangaren. An bushe saman da aka yanke na wasu awanni kuma aka dasa shi a cikin wani fili, wanda aka bayyana abin da ke ciki a sakin layi na baya. Tare da taimakon fim ɗin, suna ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse, saka iska da kuma sanya danshi kamar yadda ake buƙata. Sauran kara, wanda aka raba ɓangaren sama, daga ƙarshe zai tsiro, don haka ana kula da shi kamar dā.
- Sake haifuwa da dutse ya tashi ta rotse Shi ne mafi mashahuri hanya. Manya kuma lafiyayyan-suran ido sun rabu da mahaifiya. Ana yayyafa sassan tare da murƙushe carbon mai kunnawa ko toka na itace. Na gaba, ana bushewar ƙwaya ta gaba kuma a ɗora ta a zurfin zurfin cikin yashi mara nauyi, a baya ya jike sosai. Ana kiyaye zafin jiki a tsakanin 22-24 C.
Rooting yana faruwa a cikin wata daya, shekara ta gaba shukar kuma ta kasance cikin kwantena ɗaya.
Hanyar yaduwa ta rotse za ta ba ka damar samun saurin haihuwa (tuni a shekarar dasawa), ba kamar sauran hanyoyin ba, lokacin da shukar ta yi fure ne kawai bayan shekaru 2-4 bayan haifuwa.
Cututtuka da kwari
Duk da juriya da cututtuka da kwari, echeveria miranda ana fuskantar hari da kwari, yaduwar ruɓa ko wasu matsaloli.
Ta hanyar kiyaye tsauraran matakai da tsarin shayarwa, za'a iya guje musu cikin sauƙin.
- Mealybug da aphids... Babban alamun ana kiransu farin ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano akan ganyen, bushewa daga tsiron, fadowa da ganye. Wannan na faruwa yayin da kakin zuma na ganye ya lalace. Sun kasance basu da kariya kuma tsotsa kwari suna zaune a cikin bishiyar shuka don ciyar dasu. A alamun farko na harin kwari, ana wanke tsire da ruwan sabulu ta hanyar amfani da auduga kuma ana sanya shi tare da wasu abubuwa na musamman (a cikin taba ko tafarnuwa) ko magungunan kwari.
Rot, fure mai laushi... Yana bayyana idan aka keta dokar ban ruwa da shigowar danshi akan shukar kanta. A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a dasawa Echeveria cikin ƙasa mai tsafta, cire ɓangarorin da suka lalace. Wasu lokuta sukan koma ga matakan tsattsauran ra'ayi: suna yanke saman, daga baya suna dasa shi a cikin ƙasa, suna kawar da komai.
- Herunƙasasshe... Sauran matsalolin suna bayyana ne saboda takewar yanayin shuka kuma ana warware su ta hanyar kulawa da kyau. Aaramin tukunya ko kuma rashin isasshen ruwan sha zai sa mai wadatarwa ya daina girma, rashin haske zai sa ganyayen su zama kala-kala, kuma yawan zafin da ke cikin ɗakin zai sa ganyayyakin su yi taushi da kuma yin wardi.
Idan kara da ganyayyakin suka zama baƙi, to furen yayi sanyi. A waɗannan yanayin, ana daidaita jadawalin ban ruwa, ana matsar da tukunyar zuwa wuri mai sanyi ko ɗumi ba tare da zayyana ba, kuma lokaci zuwa lokaci ana ba da haske.
Furanni kama da wannan nau'in
Saboda kamannin waje, Miranda Echeveria ya rikice da wasu tsire-tsire, musamman yin hukunci da hotunan.
Wasu furanni suna kama da dutse mai siffar fure... Ga wasu daga cikin '' analogs '':
- Mafi yawan tsire-tsire irin wannan ya fito ne daga dangin bastard, yana da ƙananan ganye masu yawa, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin rosette, kuma ana kiransa sempervivum Ba kamar echeveria ba, a sauƙaƙe yana jure yanayin sanyi, yana da ƙanƙantar gaɓar tushe da yalwar fure.
- A cikin sifa da launi, bayyanar Echeveria Miranda yayi kama da furen magarya, kuma zai fi zama daidai a kira shi lotus na dutse, kuma ba fure ba. Kuma, kodayake dangin lotus da dangi masu wadataccen abu ba su da yawa, amma a waje kamannin suna da yawa.
- Aeonium, mai kama da bishiyoyi, yayi fice tare da hoda mai ruwan hoda. Ganye mai duhu, ganye mai haske suna yin rotse da yawa, an ɗora su a kan reshen reshe. Shuke-shuke, kamar kowane mai wadatar zuci, yana buƙatar magudanar ruwa, hasken wuta mai kyau, da kuma shayarwa akai-akai.
- Haworthia tsire-tsire ne, gefunan ganyayyaki suna cike da denticles. Ganye na succulent kuma yana ninkawa cikin fure a da'ira. Ba kamar nau'ikan da suka gabata ba, ana sanya shi a wuri mai inuwa kuma ana shayar da shi sosai. Soilasa mafi kyau don irin wannan tsire-tsire ƙananan duwatsu ne.
Kammalawa
Dutse fure ana ɗauke da mashahurin tsire-tsire na cikin gida saboda fitowarta da ba ta da rikitarwa. Kamar kowane mai nasara, a sauƙaƙe yana jure fari, a hankali yana girma da haɓaka. Launin kakin zuma akan ganyen zai kare Echeveria daga kwari da hasken rana kai tsaye.
Echeveria tana da rararraki da yawa, daban-daban cikin sifa, girma, launi na ganye, don haka masu son succulents na iya zaɓar tsire-tsire yadda suke so.