Dogon rayuwar shuke-shuke mai suna Blue Sapphire na China a gida: kwatanci, shuka da kulawa

China saffir wisteria shuwani mai tsire-tsire ne mai tsawon rai tare da dogon furanni.

Ruwan ruwa na kyawawan 'yan kunne masu launin shuɗi-violet suna da kyan gani da kyau a cikin lambuna, wuraren shakatawa, gidajen rani da gida. Don ƙarin bayani game da dasa shuki da kulawa a gida, musamman haifuwa da furewar wannan nau'in, da kuma game da cututtuka da kwari na wannan shuka, karanta labarinmu.

Bayanin tsirrai, yanayin kasa da tarihin asali

Wisteria ko China wisteria (lat.Wisteria chinensi) tsire-tsire ne mai tsayi na zuriyar dangi (lat.Fabaceae).

Magana! Sunan Wisteria an ba shi ne don girmamawa ga farfesa Ba'amurke na ilmin jikin mutum Caspar Wistar (1761-1818). An fassara sunan Wisteria daga Girkanci a matsayin "mai dadi".

Ana samun wisteria ta China ta hanyar halitta a cikin tsaunuka da yankunan daji na China da Japan. An kawo shi Turai a 1816.

China saffir wisteria mai ruwan shuɗi babban liana ne na ado, wanda a kansa, a lokacin fure, furanni masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi tare da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi mai daɗi, rataye a cikin dogayen doguwar tassels daga tushe.

Wisteria na China na iya yin tsayi zuwa mita 25, ƙara matsakaita na mita 1.5-2 a shekara. Bayan shekaru 5 na rayuwa, tsire-tsire yana dakatar da matakin girma na aiki, amma zai iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 100.

Tushen yana da diamita na 25-40 cm a gindin kuma ya karkata ta bi da bi. Tsire-tsire yana da alaƙa da manyan ganyaye masu fasali mai rikitarwa - kowane ganye na iya yin girma har zuwa 30 cm a tsayi kuma ya ƙunshi ƙananan ganye 8-12. Furanni suna furanni a lokaci ɗaya a cikin Afrilu-Mayu, tare da bayyanar ganye. Abubuwan lalata suna bayyana a cikin bishiyoyin ganye ko a saman rassan. Maimaitawa, ƙarancin fure ke faruwa a watan Agusta-Satumba.

Shuka shuka da kulawa a gida

Ana amfani da Wisteria ba kawai a cikin tsarin shimfidar wuri ba, haka ma za'a iya girma a gida azaman bonsai ko a sa matasa a cikin tukunya kafin suyi shuki a waje. Shuke-shuke yana da kwarjini kuma yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa da yawa.

• Zazzabi. Mafi kyawun yanayin zafi na lokacin sanyi don abun cikin shuɗin yaƙutu na silinda na kasar Sin shine 5-9 ° C. Daga tsakiyar watan Fabrairu, ya kamata a hankali a ƙara zafin jiki don farka shukar. A ƙarshen bazara, ana juya wisteria zuwa iska mai tsabta, a wanne lokaci yana iya jure kowane zafi.
• Shayarwa. A lokacin girma (bazara-bazara), matsakaiciyar shayarwa - sau 1-2 a sati, ingantaccen ruwa da kuma fesa fure da ganye kamar yadda ake bukata. Yayin lokacin bacci (kaka-hunturu), an rage shayarwa zuwa mafi karanci. Don kada a fallasa asalinsu, dole ne a zubar da ruwa a gefen tukunyar.
• Haskaka. Wisteria mai son haske ne kuma yana mai da martani mara kyau game da rashin hasken ultraviolet. A cikin hunturu, ana ba da shawarar shuka don ƙarin haske tare da fitilu na musamman. Lokacin dasa shuki a gonar, yakamata ku zaɓi mafi hasken wuri.

  Mahimmanci! Tare da rashin haske, wisteria ba za ta yi fure ba.

• Firamare Dole ne a shimfiɗa kasan akwatin tare da magudanar ruwa (duwatsu, tubalin da ya karye, yalwar yumbu). Ya kamata ƙasa ta bar iska da ruwa su wuce da kyau zuwa asalinsu, saboda haka ana ba da shawarar haɗuwa da turf ɗin ƙasa da cakuda peat, yashi da humus daidai gwargwado.
• Yankan Pruning yana da mahimmanci don samuwar kambi mai danshi da danshi. A farkon farawa da lokacin furanni, ana sare harbe-harben matasa, suna tsoma baki tare da ci gaba da bunƙasar gungu. Hakanan an yanke busassun bayanan inflorescences.

  A lokacin bazara, an datse shootwayoyi huɗu 4 na sabon lokacin, kuma a farkon lokacin bazara, a lokacin garter, iri ɗaya ɗin ya rage ta wasu karin 2.

  Furanni suna fitowa ne kawai a kan rassan tsohuwar ko na bara.

• Top miya. A cikin lokaci mai zafi, yana da kyau a canza wasu takin mai magani na ma'adinai tare da na gargajiya kuma a kara su lokacin shayarwa sau 1 cikin sati 2. A lokacin bazara, zaku iya yin abinci sau ɗaya tare da alli ta hanyar shayar da tsire a ƙarƙashin tushen tare da maganin alli.
• Wiwi Tukunyar yumbu ta fi dacewa - mai faɗi, amma ba zurfi, tun da tushen tushen wisteria ƙarami ne kuma saiwoyin ba za su iya ɗaukar isasshen danshi da ma'adinai daga zurfin tukunyar don cikakken ci gaban shuka ba.
• Canja wurin Ya kamata a sake shuka wani matashi a kowace shekara, yayi girma sau ɗaya kowace shekara uku. Mafi kyawun lokaci ana ɗaukar ganiya girma - Yuli. Don dasawa, zaku buƙaci tukunya mai girman 3-4 cm fiye da ta baya a diamita, wanda dole ne a fara ƙona shi da ruwan zãfi kuma sanya magudanan ruwa a ciki. An cire shuke-shuken a hankali daga kwandon da ya gabata kuma, tare da dunƙulen ƙasa, ana saka shi a cikin sabon tukunyar fure. Wurin da ba komai a ciki ya cika da tattalin duniya.

  Mahimmanci! Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, ya kamata a shayar da ƙasa sosai kuma ya kamata a motsa tukunyar zuwa wuri mai duhu har tsawon kwanaki.

Kuna iya gano yadda gabaɗaya kuke buƙatar haɓaka wisteria na ƙasar China a cikin lambun da gida daga wannan labarin.

Fasali na yaduwar jinsin

1. Tsaba - masu shayarwa da gogaggen lambu suka aikata. Ana shuka iri a cikin gida a cikin watan Disamba, ana dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a farkon watan Afrilu. Wannan hanya ana ɗaukarta mafi cin lokaci.
2. Yankan rago - a farkon bazara, an yanke harbi na shekara ɗaya daga mahaifar daji kuma a yanka shi a yanka. Za a iya siyan yankan yanka a wuraren shakatawa.
3. Gidaje - harbi mai shekara daya lafiyayye yana farawa a farkon fara furanni yayin da yake har yanzu ɓangare ne na mahaifar daji.
4. Grafted seedlings - a lokacin hunturu, ana dasa ƙwaya mai ƙarfi daga zuriya akan tushen.

Hanya mafi tabbaci don samun tsabta da kyau iri-iri shine yin alurar riga kafi tare da shuka, duk da haka, wannan yana buƙatar kwarewa da ƙwarewa.

Bloom

Ana iya lura da furannin shuka kawai bayan shekaru 5-10 na rayuwa. Da farko, ya saba da mazaunin sa kuma yana bada dogon tsire-tsire. Furewa na iya ci gaba ba wai kawai a lokacin bazara ba, shukar na iya sake fure a farkon kaka.

Cututtuka da kwari

Wisteria ba ta da tsayayyar cuta, mai saukin kamuwa ne ga fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta da barazanar kwari:

• faten fure - naman gwari, saboda abin da ganye ke rufe da farin farin;
• chlorosis - yana haifar da rawaya ganye saboda rashin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasa;
• mulkin mallaka aphid - tsire-tsire suna bushewa, ganyayyaki suna raguwa, furanni na sirara suna raguwa;
• mite - yana shafar ganyayyaki, wanda aka rufe shi da ƙananan bugun jini, ya tsage, sannan ya murza.

Makamantan furanni

Wisteria na iya rikicewa da sauran inabin da ke tsaye don amfani da shimfidar ƙasa:

• wake na ado;
• fis mai zaki;
• Cikakke
• furannin apios;
• itaciya.

Wadanda ke da sha'awar wisteria ta kasar Sin za su iya fahimtar kansu da sauran nau'ikan, wato wba na kasar Sin Alba da Wisteria Sinensis.

Asali na Asiya, itacen itacen inabi shine mafarkin kowane mai lambu. Bunungiyoyinta, suna fitar da ƙamshi mai daɗi da ɗaukar hankali, da kuma waƙar shimfida ta shimfidar fure na furanni wanda ya sha bamban a cikin dukkan launukan shuɗi, za su zama kyawawan kayan ado ga kowane lambu ko gida.

Kalli bidiyon: Teal Sapphire or Green or Blue Sapphire? Clarification and Understanding Color of Teal Sapphires (Yuli 2024).