Yadda za a kula da begonia na ƙoshin lafiya a gida? Muna shuka kyakkyawan shuke-shuke da shuke-shuke

Begonia tana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun shuke-shuke na ado. Masana sun raba nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire zuwa manyan kungiyoyi guda uku: kayan ado masu yankewa, ciyayi da ciyawa.

Bulaliyan Tuberous ta sami karbuwa tsakanin masu noman fure saboda kyawawan halaye na ado da nau'ikan matasan da yawa. Domin al'adu su ja hankalin ido da kyan su da sabo, ya zama dole a kula da shi yadda ya kamata. Karanta game da wannan dalla-dalla a cikin labarin da ke ƙasa. Duba bidiyo mai taimako kan batun.

Game da shuka

Bugun katakon katako na zamani shine wanda ya girma tare da nasara daidai a filin buɗe ido da gida. Babban fasalin tsire-tsire shine rhizome mai kauri a cikin hanyar tuber wanda yakai girman cm 6. Tushen yana da kauri, m, translucent. Ganyayyaki manya ne, masu siffa ta zuciya tare da murfin sashi. Canza launi daga koren haske zuwa Emerald. Farfajiyar mai sheki ne ko matte, an rufe shi da gashi.

HANKALI: Bakoniya ta tubes yana da dogon furanni. Yayan suna fitowa a watan Mayu kuma suna fure akai-akai har zuwa Oktoba.

Tsayin daji daga 20 zuwa 80 cm Launi da siffar furanni ya bambanta, ya danganta da nau'in, diamita ɗin su 3-20 cm. Shahararrun iri, saboda ninninsu biyu, suna kama da peonies, wardi, carnations.

Yanayin tsarewa

Garin mahaifar begonias wurare ne masu zafi. Ana iya shuka tsire-tsire mai son zafi a gida, yana bin shawarwari don fasahar noma. Lokaci yana buƙatar samar da dumi da haske. Mafi kyaun wuri a gare shi zai kasance gangaren gabas ko kudu maso gabas. Kada ku bari hasken rana kai tsaye ya shiga, wannan yana haifar da ƙonewar ganye da toho. Idan rana tayi ƙarfi sosai, ana ƙirƙirar allo ko takarda. Kyakkyawan zaɓi shine sanya tukunyar a kan keɓewa ta musamman.

Don ci gaban jituwa na begonia, ana buƙatar zazzabi na + 18-22 °... Ba su haƙuri da zafi sosai, ganye sun fara zama rawaya, curl da bushewa. A lokacin dormant, a cikin kaka da hunturu, ana ajiye shukar a zafin jiki kusan 10 °.

Lokaci yana jin daɗin yanayi mai zafi. A lokacin zafi ko tare da na'urorin dumama aiki, iska tana bushe. Ga wani daji na ado, wannan yana cike da asarar haske, saukowar buds da ganye. Fesa ruwa kusa da tsiron zai baku damar gyara yanayin. Amma saukad da bai kamata su hau kan ganye da petals ba.

Hanyar ingantacciya don ƙara danshi ita ce sanya tukunyar a cikin kwandon danshi ko dutsen niɓaɓɓe. Don hana danshi shiga cikin kasa ta ramin magudanan ruwa, sai a dora tukunyar akan biredin da aka juya.

Saukowa

Tuber ana amfani da shi don girma begonias... Kafin farkon lokacin girma (ƙarshen watan Fabrairu ko Maris), an dasa shi a cikin akwati don tsiro. Peat ana amfani dashi azaman substrate. Lightasa ce mai haske tare da mafi kyawun adadin abubuwan gina jiki, wanda ƙwaya tuber zai fara girma da sauri.

Za'a iya dasa shuke-shuke da yawa a cikin akwati mai faɗi guda ɗaya, tazarar da ke tsakanin su ita ce cm 10. Kafin dasa shuki, peat ya jike, tuber ya zurfafa da 3/4, wasu sun saura a saman. Wannan zai sauƙaƙe toho germination.

MUHIMMANCI: Kuskuren kuskuren novice florists shine shuka mara kyau. Tuber yana da bangarorin biyu - mai zagaye da kuma kwankwasiyya. Ya kamata a saka gefen da aka zagaya a cikin ƙasa, a kansa ne asalinsu suke girma.

Ajiye akwatinan da ke toshe begonias ana ajiye shi a wuri mai dumi tare da zafin jiki na 18-20 °... A substrate aka kiyaye m. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, harbe suna fitowa da sauri. Lokacin da tsawonsu ya kai 5 cm, ana dasa shukar a cikin tukunyar dindindin.

Begonias kamar haske, ƙasa mara ƙasa tare da ƙarancin acidity. Zaɓin mai farawa mai amfani shine share fage na musamman daga shagon. Ya ƙunshi dukkan abubuwan haɗin da ake buƙata, zaɓaɓɓu a cikin iya gwargwado. Idan ana so, zaku iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kanku. Da ake bukata:

• ƙasa mai ganye;
• peat;
• humus;
• perlite ko yashi.

Ana ɗaukar dukkan abubuwan haɗin cikin daidai gwargwado, an sami ƙasa mai gina jiki da haske. Babu fifiko ga kayan tukunyar, filastik ko yumbu zai yi. Amma girman yana da mahimmanci, akwati ya zama 15-20 cm a diamita, nesa da aka ba da shawara daga tuber zuwa bangon tukunyar yana 4-5 cm. Tsarin tushe na yau da kullun bashi da zurfi, baya buƙatar ƙwarewa mai zurfi... Matsakaiciyar tukunyar mafi kyau ita ce 12-15 cm.

Tubeonia begonia tana tasiri mara kyau game da lalata ruwa. Tukunyar ya kamata ta sami ƙazamar magudanar ruwa (har zuwa 1/3 na ƙarar) don ba da izinin ruwa mai yawa ya huce. Amfani da yumɓu mai laushi, dunƙulen kumfa, ana amfani da ƙananan pebbles a matsayin magudanar ruwa.

Kara karantawa game da dasa begonias a cikin tukunya da buɗaɗɗen fili da kuma game da ƙarin kulawa dashi anan.

Kalli bidiyo game da dasa bishiyar tubonia:

Yaushe ake dasawa?

Dasa tsire-tsire na cikin gida yana faruwa a cikin yanayi biyu:

1. tushen sai ya cika tukunya mara nauyi;
2. buƙatar canjin ƙasa saboda cuta ko ambaliyar shuka.

Tsarin dashen begonia na faruwa ne a bazara, galibi a watan Maris.... An cire tuber daga ƙasa kuma a bincika shi. Dole ne a cire alamun ruɓewa da wuka, dole ne a rufe wuraren da suka lalace tare da kunna ƙwayar ƙurar. Tukunyar ta zama 10 cm girma fiye da diamita na tuber. Ana amfani da ƙasa iri ɗaya kamar yadda ake dasa shuki, ana zubar da magudanan ruwa a ƙasan.

TAMBAYA: Tsoma tubar begonia a cikin wani magani mai rauni na sinadarin potassium na fewan mintuna. Hanyar tana aiki ne don hana ci gaban cututtukan fungal.

Kalli bidiyo game da dasawa begonia:

Yadda za a kula?

Begonias ba furanni bane masu ban sha'awa, amma kuma suna da abubuwan da suke so. Shuke-shuke suna son iska mai daɗi, da wuri-wuri ana ɗauke su zuwa baranda ko baranda. Amma ba a yarda da zane ba.

Wani fasalin tubon begonias shine lokacin hunturu.... Yakamata yakai akalla watanni biyu zuwa uku. Sauran lokacin ya faɗi ne daga Disamba-Fabrairu. A wannan lokacin, ana dakatar da shayarwa gaba ɗaya ko rage zuwa mafi ƙarancin. An yanke jijiyar shukar, kuma an sanya tukunyar a wuri mai duhu, mai sanyi.

Shayarwa

Dokokin shayarwa suna da sauki sosai, kiyaye su zai tabbatar da lafiya da cikakken furannin tsire-tsire:

1. Chlorine yana da illa ga furanni, yi amfani da ruwa mai kyau.
2. Ruwa tare da ruwa a zafin jiki na ɗaki, shukar zata yi rashin lafiya daga sanyi.
3. Rarraba danshi daidai.
4. Jadawalin shayarwa - sau 2-3 a mako, ana daidaita shi gwargwadon yawan bushewar danshi.
5. Kiyaye ganye da furanni daga danshi.

Yawan ambaliya yana cutar da tushen tsarin begonia na tubrous, yi ƙoƙarin samar da matsakaiciyar ruwa.

Me za'a ciyar?

Begonias na buƙatar yawancin abubuwan gina jiki don ci gaba da ci gaba da furanni.... Kuna iya ciyar da shi da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya. A karon farko da suka yi hakan shi ne a watan Mayu. A lokacin furanni, nitrogen, wanda ke hana budding, ya kamata a kauce masa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine amfani da taki don shuke-shuke furanni sau ɗaya a wata.

Yadda za a tsunkule harbe?

Pinching da tsire-tsire suna ba ku damar samar da siffar kambin da ake so, sanya daji ya zama lush. An rarraba ra'ayoyin masana game da buƙatar tsunkule begonias na tuberous. Yawancin masu shuka sun yi imanin cewa ƙwayoyin zamani masu ƙarancin ƙarfi ba sa buƙatar ƙarin matakai don samar da bushiness. Amma a wasu lokuta wannan matakin ya zama dole. Ana yin pinching kafin ko bayan fure. Yatsun hannu sun cire maɓallin babba na sama da 1-2 cm.

Fasali na girma a cikin filin budewa

Ana shuka tubers na Begonia a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa ba a farkon watan Mayu ba... Suna pre-germinated a cikin tukwane. Kafin dasa shuki, an gabatar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin kasa - takin ko humus. A hankali tsiron ya saba da yanayin yanayin titi. Lokaci da aka shafe a cikin iska yana ƙaruwa kowace rana. Yakamata filin sauka ya kasance a cikin inuwa mai kariya kuma ya kiyaye daga iska. Salon ya dogara da girman dazuzzuka:

• an dasa masu tsayi bayan 30 cm;
• matsakaici - bayan 20 cm;
• izedarfafa - bayan 15 cm.

Zuba toka na itace a gindin kowane ramin tuber. Yana da takin gargajiya na potassium-phosphorus na ƙasa mai tsaka tsaki.

Ruwa ya zama yalwatacce, sau ɗaya kowace rana 2-3, yana da kyau a yi shi da safe. A lokacin rani, yawan danshi yana ƙaruwa. Kulawa a waje ya hada da weeds da sassauta ƙasa. Dole a cire busassun harbe da furanni. A cikin kaka, shukar ta fara shirya don hutawa. Ruwa ya rage. A watan Nuwamba, an yanke ɓangaren da ke sama, ya bar kututture har zuwa 3 cm.

Bayan makonni 2, sai a tono tubers ɗin, a tsabtace shi kuma a narkar da shi don bushewa a cikin busasshiyar ɗaki. Zai fi kyau a saka su kan ganshin sphagnum, wanda ke da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ajiye tubers ɗin a wuri mai sanyi (5-8 °). Ana bincika su lokaci-lokaci, suna watsar da samfuran da suka lalace. Matasa begonias zasuyi girma daga tubers, overwintered tubers a cikin bazara. Rayuwar shuka ta kasance shekaru 2-3, amma yawancin nau'ikan suna da aƙalla shekaru 5.

Kalli bidiyo game da sifofin ɓarkewar buroshi mai ɓarkewa a cikin fili:

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Rashin kulawa mai kyau yana haifar da tabarbarewa a bayyanar shuke-shuke na ado. Waɗanne matsaloli ne masu noman fure galibi ke fuskanta:

1. Ganye ya zama rawaya - sanadin lalacewar ƙasa, tsire-tsire yana buƙatar canza substrate. Zai yiwu a sami ƙarancin danshi ko haske.
2. Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki - kunar rana a jiki ke haifar da ita. Yana da daraja ta amfani da inuwa daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
3. Buds fadi - matsalar tana faruwa ne lokacin da akwai rashin ma'adinai, ruwa, yawan motsi na fure.

Cututtuka da kwari

HANKALI: Bishiyar tubes mai saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal. Bayyanar tasu ta tsokano ta zafin jiki mai yawa a cikin iska da ƙasa.

Cututtuka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Ruwan toka - an rufe ganyayyaki da aibobi, wanda a hankali ya ƙara girman diamita. Bloom mai toka ya bayyana akan furannin. Don rigakafi da magani, ana amfani da maganin Fundazol.
• Farin fure - farin Bloom shimfidawa a farfajiya na ganye da matasa harbe. Yaki da naman gwari ana aiwatar dashi ta hanyar magani tare da kayan gwari.

Kwarin gwari na Phytophagous na iya lalata shuka a cikin ‘yan kwanaki. Daga cikin makiya begonias: thrips, gizo-gizo mites, aphids, nematodes. Zai fi kyau a yaƙi kwari tare da taimakon kwari na zamani: Aktara, Karbofos, Intavir.

Idan kun bi shawarwarin barin, begonia zai faranta muku rai da ganyen kore mai laushi da maimaita furanni. Nau'in Ampel za su yi ado da baranda da farfaji, bishiyoyi tare da manyan furanni biyu za su ƙirƙiri keɓaɓɓen zane na gadon filawa ko rockery.

Kalli bidiyon: Cómo cuidar la planta Begonia Maculata o ala de angel? (Yuli 2024).