Yadda za a kara adadin fure-fure: cutan wardi a kaka

Rose ita ce sarauniyar furanni. A dabi'a, sha'awar yawancin masu noman fure koyaushe na sake tattara tarin "hoda" da sabbin samfuran ban sha'awa. Hanyar kiwo mafi kyau ga sarauniyar lambun ita ce ta yankewa. Wannan hanya a cikin faɗuwa a gida ba zata zama da wahala ba idan kun sani kuma kuna amfani da ƙa'idodinta na asali. Yadda za a dasa fure daga cuts a cikin kaka da girma shi, za mu gaya muku a cikin labarinmu.

Menene dasawa?

Yankan yanki ne na musamman na shuka (ganye, harba), wanda ake amfani dashi don yaduwar ganyayyaki, kuma yankan shine yaduwar ganyayyaki na shuka ta amfani da yankan.

Babban fa'idar wannan hanyar yaduwar ita ce gadon dukkan halayen mahaifiya ta hanyar samarin saurayi, sauƙin samun kayan shuka (ta wannan hanyar, har ma da wardi daga kwalliya ana iya yada shi). Hakanan tsire-tsire da aka samo ta hanyar yankewa ba sa kafa tushen harbe kuma suyi haƙuri da hunturu mafi kyau.

Shuke-shuke da suka girma daga yankan suna da tsawon rayuwa. Akwai matsala guda daya tak: zai fi kyau idan matasa wardi suke yin hunturu na farko a ginshiki, tunda basu riga sun balaga ba kuma basu da lokacin gina tushen tsarin karfi. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to mai fulawar ya kamata yayi aiki tuƙuru akan hana su.

Yaushe zan iya yanka?

Roses yawanci ana yanka shi a watan Afrilu - Mayu ko Yuni - Yuli, yayin lokacin girma na shuka. Amma yana yiwuwa a yanke sarauniyar furanni a kaka, yayin datsa tsire-tsire don hunturu. Wannan yankan ya bar manyan rassa masu kyau waɗanda za'a iya amfani dasu don yankan yankan.

Babu wa'adin lokaci na duniya don yankan yankan, duk ya dogara da yanayin yanki. Alamar ƙasa - jihar daji: idan ganyayen ganye sun bushe kuma sun fara fadowa, zaku iya fara yankan harbe don haifuwa.

Abubuwan rarrabe na ayyukan kaka

Ana adana yankan rani na fure har zuwa bazara ko kuma ana shuka su kai tsaye cikin ƙasa. Yankakken da aka yanke a cikin kaka ana shuka su ne a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa da kuma a cikin "yankan" - gadaje da aka shirya na musamman don tushen kayan shuka.

Hanyar rooting a cikin "yankan" shine dasa yankan ramuka a cikin ramuka da aka tono a cikin kasa. Zurfinsu yakai cm 30, ƙasa an rufe shi da ciyawa (2/3 na jimlar duka), sauran wuraren an rufe su da takin (10 cm).

An binne cuttings da 2/3 a cikin substrate, tazarar da ke tsakanin su 5 - 7 cm... Daga sama, an rufe komai da kayan abu na musamman don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse (filastik filastik, agrofibre, lutrasil).

Koyaya, da yawa daga masu shuka sunyi imani cewa har yanzu anfi so a dasa cutan nan take zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa, sun sami ɗan gajiyar damuwa kuma sun sami tushen da kyau.

A wannan yanayin, tazara tsakanin gandun daji na gaba ya zama 0.6 - 1.5 m, dangane da nau'ikan cuttings.

Yadda ake tushen shuka a cikin ƙasa ƙarƙashin tulu?

1. Kaya da kayan aiki... Kuna buƙatar wukar lambu ko masu keɓewa don yanke cuts ɗin. Dole ne a kaɗa waɗannan kayan aikin kuma a sanya su cikin maye don hana kamuwa da cuta. Hakanan kuna buƙatar kwalabe na filastik (1L - 5L) tare da ramuka da aka sanya a ƙasa don samun iska ko akwatin gilashi.

   A lokacin kaka, don samun nasarar ci gaban, yanke cutukan suna buƙatar yanayin da ke kusa da yanayin greenhouse (zazzabi mai zafi, zafi 80-90%). Yana da kyau a rufe shi da gilashin gilashi ko kuma kwalban filastik da aka yanka nan da nan bayan sanya yankan domin yin rooting. Ya kamata akwatin ya kasance mai haske, za a ƙirƙira kyakkyawan yanayin ƙasa ƙarƙashin sa, wanda zai dace da ƙwayoyin shukoki. Ana cire bankuna ne kawai bayan hunturu a cikin bazara.

2. Shirye-shiryen ƙasa... Rooting yana faruwa a cikin ƙasa mai kyau, ƙasa mai gina jiki. Cakuda mai zuwa ya dace: yashi, humus, turf ƙasa a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2.

   Kar ka manta game da magudanar ruwa (yashi, tubalin da ya karye, yalwar yumbu), idan an dasa yankan a cikin akwati. Wasu manoman suna kafe kamar haka: haƙa rami don yankewa zurfin 30 cm kuma cika shi 2/3 da ciyawa kuma yayyafa shi da takin.

3. Yankan yankan... Daga rassan da aka yanka a lokacin yankewar kaka na fure, an zabi lafiyayyun harbe-harbe ba tare da lalacewar da ake gani ba (zai fi kyau idan wadannan matasa ne ko kuma shekara-shekara suna da kyakkyawar rabuwar kore ko launin ruwan kasa), diamitarsa ​​4 - 5 mm.

   Kowane ɗayan harbe-harbe dole ne a yanke shi gunduwa-gunduwa, kowane ɗayan dole ne ya ƙunshi 3 - 5 ɓullo da ƙullu (15 - 25 cm). Ana yin yanyanka na sama sama da 2 cm 3 a saman ƙodar ta sama, kuma ana yin na ƙasa ƙasa da ƙananan koda.

4. Sarrafa cutarwa... Cutananan yankewa a ƙarƙashin toho a kan makullin an yi shi a kusurwa na digiri 45 don haɓaka yankin lamba tare da ƙasa. Babban yanke yana madaidaiciya. Ganye na sama (2 - 3) akan yankan ya kamata a barshi, amma yafi kyau a yanke su (sau 2 - 2.5) don rage yankin ƙarancin ruwa. Ya kamata a cire ƙananan ganyaye da ƙaya.

   Idan ba a shirya ajiya a lokacin hunturu ba, to yana da kyau a bi da ƙananan yanke tare da kowane tushen motsa jiki, misali, "Akidar", "Heteroauxin" ko "Kornevin".

5. Saukowa... A cikin bazara, tare da farkon ranakun dumi, an dasa sassan itacen a cikin ƙasa a wuri na dindindin. Fure yana son haske, dumi, baya jure zane.

   Tabbas, zai fi kyau idan dasawar ta faru ta hanyar saukakewa: an cire fure, tare da dunkulen ƙasa, daga tsohuwar tukunya kuma, ba tare da girgiza ƙasa ba, an sanya shi a cikin ramin shuka. Idan an dasa cutan a cikin ƙasa, to ya kamata a dasa su a hankali, tare da haƙa ƙasa tare da ƙasar da ke kusa.

6. Gyara... Kuna iya tushen fure a cikin tukunyar filastik daban, shima za'a binne shi a cikin ƙasa: wannan matakin zai sauƙaƙa dasa shukar wani matashi a wuri na dindindin, wanda za'ayi shi ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali. Yi ƙaramin baƙin ciki, a zuba a tukunyar, tare da sandar katako, a cikin abin da yankan ya faɗi a kusurwar digiri 45 (1/3 na harbi ko 1-2 buds ya kasance a saman ƙasa).

   Idan kun yi ƙoƙarin manne abin yankan kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ba tare da taimakon sanda ba, to akwai haɗarin rauni ga suturar sutura ta harbi.

   Aroundasa da ke yankan an danƙaƙe ta hannu don mafi kyau gyara, ana shayar da ita sosai da ruwa.

   Shuka, da aka sanya a cikin tukunya don rooting, ana shuka ta kai tsaye tare da akwati a cikin ƙasa, kuma an rufe ta da kwalbar filastik ko kwalba a saman.

7. Carearin kulawa... Lokaci-lokaci, ya kamata a shayar da fure a ƙarƙashin kwalba. Kuma kafin farkon sanyi, yakamata a yayyafa kwalabe ko gwangwani da ƙasa kuma a rufe su da kayan da ba saƙa.

   Hakanan zaka iya rufe wurin shuka tare da bambaro. Za a iya mulched tare da ciyawar bushe ko peat.

Nuarin nuances game da yadda zaku iya shuka fure daga yanka, game da yankewa, kafewa da ƙarin kula da shuka, ana iya samun su a cikin wani littafin.

Yadda za a ci gaba da dasa kayan har sai bazara?

• Ma'aji a cikin firiji ko kan windowsill mai sanyi.

  Ba a ɗaura yankan da aka yanka tare, an nannade shi a cikin rigar rigar ko takarda mai ɗumi, an saka shi a cikin jakar filastik kuma a ajiye shi a ƙasan firiji ko a kan windowsill mai sanyi.

  A zaman wani zaɓi: an nannade yankan cikin gansakuka - sphagnum, wanda a baya yayi ciki da Fitosporin - M. Don hana tarin da ke haifar da faduwa, zaka iya gyara shi da zaren auduga. Duk wannan ana sanya shi a cikin jakar filastik, sannan a kan shiryayye a cikin firiji don kayan lambu.

• Ajiye ginshiki... Nagari zafin jiki na ajiya - + 2C - + 5C. An cika akwatin da cakuda mai laushi na peat da yashi daidai gwargwado. An sanya gungu na yanke a ciki, wanda aka sauke a rabin tsayi a kusurwar digiri 45. Top ya kamata a rufe shi da kyau tare da jakar filastik, zai fi dacewa baki.
• Wajen ajiya... Don wannan hanyar, ya zama dole a haƙa rami mai zurfin zurfin (15 cm) da faɗi. Dole ne a rufe kasan ramin tare da kayan rufewa (zai fi dacewa burlap) tare da gefe mai kyau don rufe cuttings daga sama.

  A saman, yada sassan tare da ganyen da aka cire a nesa da juna, rufe su da kayan rufewa, sannan kuma yayyafa su da ƙasa.

  Bayan tona rami a cikin bazara, za a ga bayyane a kan yankan, wanda dole ne a kula da shi yayin cire harbe-harbe. Dole ne a dasa su nan da nan a ranar da aka tono su.

Informationarin bayani game da yadda za a adana cuttings na wardi a cikin hunturu an bayyana a cikin kayan daban.

Matsaloli da matsalolin sauka, hanyoyin magance su

Babbar matsala ta dasawa itace wardi ba ya samun saiwa.

Akwai dalilai da yawa:

1. Rashin dacewar ƙasar: fure yana yin tasiri sosai game da rashin abubuwan gina jiki da abubuwan alaƙa. Idan ƙasa ba ta da kyau, to dole ne a "ciyar" da humus, takin.
2. Wani nau'in fure wanda ba shi aron kansa kawai... Misali, shigo da wardi daga bouquets. Kafin safara, ana bi da su da wasu sinadarai na musamman waɗanda ke shafar yanayin harbi.
3. Ba a sanya takaddar ba: Stalkwayar da aka kafe a lokacin kaka tana da rauni ƙwarai, ƙarfin kansa bai isa ya yi hunturu da kansa ba. Dole ne a sanya shi!

Kaka ne mafi kyawun lokacin shekara don dasawa. Yankan da aka dasa don kafewa a lokacin bazara sun fi wuya, ana karɓar su da sauri kuma za su faranta ran mai shukar da furannin farko a lokacin bazara.

Muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyo game da yankan wardi a kaka:

Kalli bidiyon: Maganin Kambun Baka Sheikh Abdulwahhab Gwani Bauchi (Yuli 2024).