Nasihu don girma da kulawa da rawaya pelargonium. Hoto na furanni

Yellow Pelargonium fure ne mai matukar wuya. Siyan sa a shagon fure ba abune mai sauki ba.

Saboda haka, irin wannan tsiron shine girman kan kowane mai shuka! Kuma idan kayi sa'a ka zama mai shi, yana da mahimmanci musamman ka bi ka'idojin kulawa domin furen zai faranta maka rai na dogon lokaci.

Gaba, bari muyi magana game da nau'ikan geranium na hasken rana. Yadda ake dasawa da yada shi daidai. Yi la'akari dalla-dalla batun cututtuka da kwari.

Tarihin asali

Asirin bayyanar a yanayin launin rawaya pelargonium ba a sani ba. Wataƙila wannan launi na furanni ya bayyana sakamakon maye gurbi. Ko kuma wataƙila wani ya taɓa kawo shi Turai daga Blackasar Baƙar fata rassa ɗaya ko biyu na pelargonium na rawaya (a Latin ana kiransa Pelargonium articulatum, ko kuma an bayyana Pelargonium), kuma tun daga wannan lokacin ba a san shi ba sai ga kunkuntun da'irar masu koyo da masaniya.

Aƙalla a cikin jerin shagunan shagunan filawa, pelargonium mai launin rawaya bashi da sauƙin saya. Amma, wata hanya ko wata, yana wanzu kuma ana nome shi.

A bayanin kula. Anyi bayanin matsalolin cikin samun launin rawaya ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa manyan launuka na pelargonium sune anthocyanins, inuwar ruwan hoda mai haske da lilac.

Su abokan gaba ne na carotenoids da flavones, waɗanda ke cikin launin geranium a ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa.

Maganin Pelargonium yana da kwayar halitta mai rawaya, amma a lokaci guda yana da ganye masu tauri kuma ba mafi kyawun ƙididdigar daji ba. Effortsarin ƙoƙarwar masu shayarwa an tsara su ne don haɓaka waɗannan halayen, shugabannin su sune kamfanonin Ingilishi "Thompson & Morgan" da "Van Meuwen".

Bayanin tsirrai

Bayanin halittu game da pelargonium mai launin rawaya ya yi daidai da dukkan sigogin jinsunan geranium. Shuka shuru ne, na ciyawa ko na shuki. Dajin daji a tsaye yake, mai yawan ganye. Mai tushe suna da rassa, kafa ko rarrafe. An rufe ganyen da fluff, gefen ganyen yana da karfi. An tattara furannin 'yan kaɗan ko inflorescences umbellate.

'Ya'yan itacen shine kwantena tare da sepal mai adana, yana buɗewa daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Pelargonium mai launin rawaya yana da nau'in tsire-tsire. Rabin geraniums zuwa geraniums da pelargoniums ya faru ne kawai a ƙarshen ƙarni na 18. Nau'in Pelargonium ya bambanta da sifofi, girma, da launi na ganye da furanni. Akwai kusan nau'ikan 250 da sassan 14. Mafi shahararrun sune zlar pelargoniums, waɗanda suka haɗa da nau'ikan rawaya.

Ta siffar inflorescence, zonal pelargoniums ya kasu kashi biyu:

• stellate (furanni suna da siffofi kamar taurari);
• tulip (furanni suna da siffa kamar tulip);
• furewar (siffar fure tana kusa da siffar fure-fure da ba a buɗe ba);
• murtsatsi (furannin suna kama da ƙananan ƙananan chrysanthemums);
• Diakoni (yalwar ƙananan furanni);
• Formosa matasan (furannin suna kama da taurari, amma an raba petals kowanne zuwa kashi 5).

Magana. Alamar farko ta banbanci tsakanin jinsin pelargonium ita ce furanninsu suna da tsari mara kyau na petals: na sama biyu sun fi na uku girma. Na biyu shi ne yanayin tsarewar.

Dabbobin Pelargonium ba sa jure yanayin sanyi kuma ba za su iya yin hunturu a ƙasa a cikin yanayin sanyi ba, ba kamar geraniums ba, wanda galibi hunturu a cikin lambu a tsakiyar layi.

Kuna iya samun cikakkun bayanai game da nau'in da nau'in pelargonium, hotunansu da ƙa'idodin kulawa a nan.

Nau'in gama gari

Nau'in farko na launin pelargoniums na rawaya - "Yellow na Farko" - an gabatar da shi ga jama'a a baje kolin "Flowers-2009", kuma ana aiki a kan kiwo da ake niyya na pelargonium tare da furannin rawaya wanda ke gudana tun daga shekarun 80 na karnin da ya gabata. Maganin "Yellow na Farko" shine pelargonium wanda aka haɗe tare da furannin rawaya rawaya.

Masu kiwo sun haye nau'ikan iri daban-daban: "Princess Fiat", "Lara Purnal", "Millfield Gem" tare da asalin shuka don samun bambancin launin rawaya na petals. Na farko matasan suna da inuwa mai kama da dabara da kuma alamun jan a kan petal.

Sauran nau'ikan rawaya pelargonium:

1. Guernsey Flair: tana da rassa masu tushe da ƙananan furannin lemun tsami.
2. Buttermilk: tana da furannin rawaya mai tsami da olianyen ciyawa masu ɗanɗano.
3. Kayan shafawa: sakamakon tsallakawa na takamaiman pelargoniums, yana da kyakkyawar ƙarancin fure mai ƙyalli mai ƙyallen fata.
4. Pelargonia pulverulentum Oribi Flats da Pelargonia gibbosum - Furanni iri daban-daban kwatankwacin na tsiron snapdragon, tare da alamun shuɗi mai duhu ko launin ruwan kasa.

Irin wannan pelargonium ana kiransa rawaya tare da wani shimfiɗa, tunda furanninta sun fi kyau mai tsami, vanilla da launukan lemun tsami kodadde. Lokacin furaninta gajere ne, kuma baza ku iya kiran sa mai yalwa ba: furanni 3-5 ne kawai aka kafa akan mai tushe.

Hoto

Duba hoto tare da nau'ikan fure:

A ina da yadda ake shuka?

Sharuɗɗan launuka masu launi da launuka masu launin rawaya waɗanda ba su da bambanci da waɗanda suke na pelargoniums na sauran furanni. Tsirrai ba shi da ma'ana ga masu noman furanni, amma dole ne a kiyaye su a cikin gida. Pelargonium ya fi son dumi da haske, amma, ya kamata a guji hasken rana kai tsaye.

Hankali! Furen yana son yanci kuma baya jin dadi sosai kusa da sauran shuke-shuke.

Zai fi kyau a zaɓi tukunya don pelargonium wanda ba shi da faɗi sosai. A cikin tukunya mai fa'ida, shukar ba zata yi fure sosai ba. Ruwa ya zama matsakaici, saboda ƙoshin ruwa yana shafar yanayin tsiron mafi ƙarancin rashin ruwa.

Haske da wuri

Pelargonium yana jin daɗi a gabashin gabas har ma da tagogin kudu, amma a cikin yanayin cikin gida ya fi kyau inuwa ta daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Wasu nau'ikan pelargoniums sun fi son hasken wuta matsakaici, kuma a gare su ya fi kyau a zaɓi wuri kusa da taga, amma ba a kan windowsill ɗin kanta ba.

Bukatun ƙasa

Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama mai ɗan kaɗan acidic, wanda ya ƙunshi sassan daidai na peat, yashi da ƙasa mai lambu. Pelargonium tsire-tsire ne na Afirka wanda ba'a amfani dashi da ƙasa mai gina jiki sosai. Ana buƙatar kyakkyawan malalewa a cikin tukunya. Ya kamata a gudanar da ƙasa a lokaci-lokaci.

Dole ne a gasa ƙasar waje a cikin murhu don lalata kwari da larvae ɗinsu, da kuma mahimmancin cututtukan cututtuka. Kada ku yi haɗari da lafiyar furen ku ajiye a ƙasa, akwai ƙasa don pelargonium a cikin manyan kantunan da yawa kuma ba shi da tsada.

Yadda ake kulawa da kyau?

Da farko dai, bayan siyan fure, ya zama dole a bincika ta domin busassun ganye da kwari da ke ɓoye a ƙarƙashinsu. Don fure, kuna buƙatar zaɓar haske mai ɗumi, wuri mai ɗumi ba tare da hasken rana da zayyana ba, kuma zai fi dacewa, ba tare da wasu tsire-tsire ba.

Babu buƙatar dasa furannin pelargonium kai tsaye bayan siye, ko da kuwa ƙasar da take cikin yanzu kamar ba ta da kuɗi kaɗan. Pelargonium baya son ƙasa mai gina jiki, a cikin irin wannan ƙasa tana furewa mara kyau, kuma tana magance ƙarancin ruwa da kyau. Pelargonium yana son iska mai kyau, don haka a lokacin rani, a yanayi mai ɗumi, yana da kyau a ajiye shi a baranda, inda akwai yiwuwar shading.

Idan shuka ba ta yi fure ba, to da alama dasawarsa zai yi nasara. Da zarar an cire shi daga ƙasa, tushen baya buƙatar a tsabtace shi. An expandedanɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗawan laka ko fasassun kaɗan an zuba a ƙasan tukunyar, sa'annan wata ƙasa ta ƙasa, sa'annan a ɗora tsire a ƙasa, a yayyafa da ƙasa, ɗauke da sauƙi a shayar.

Ana yin dashen rawaya pelargonium a bazara. Idan cikakken dasawa ba zai yiwu ba, to ana maye gurbin saman gona. Tukunyar bai kamata ta fi faɗin tushen yawa ba.

Domin daji ya yi reshe sosai, a ƙarshen hunturu - farkon bazara dole ne a tsunkule shi, cire yankin ci gaba. Wannan zai haifar da tsire-tsire don fitar da sabbin harbe-harbe na gefe, tare da samar da daji mai dausayi.

Shayar da ruwan rawan pelargonium ya zama matsakaici, fure yana jure farin cikin sauƙi fiye da ƙasa mai ruwa. Ba shi yiwuwa a fesa yanki pelargonium - yayin lokacin furanni, wannan na iya zama mara kyau ga furanni. Ma'adanai ko takin mai magani suna da kyau a matsayin saman miya don haɓaka pelargonium, kuma a lokacin lokacin fure - phosphorus-potassium tare da ƙaramin abun nitrogen. Yakamata ayi amfani da manyan sutura kowane mako daga Mayu zuwa Satumba.

Lura! Ba za a iya amfani da takin gargajiya don pelargonium ba.

Cututtuka da kwari

Pelargonium galibi galibi yana shafar launin toka, da kuma ruɓewa da tushen ruɓa. Mai tushe da ganyen pelargonium ya zama rawaya, ya zama mai toho da toho mai toho, ya bushe, furannin sun zama masu tabo. Wannan cuta ta fungal tana tasowa ne saboda yawan ban ruwa da danshi, da kuma ciyar da abinci mai yawa tare da takin mai magani nitrogenous. Wajibi ne a yanke poly, cire ganyen da abin ya shafa, dakatar da ciyarwa, bi da tsire-tsire tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal na tsari (Vitaros, Fundahol, Rovrald, Ridomil-Gold).

• Verticellosis zai yana farawa da yawan ban ruwa: naman gwari ya fara ninkawa a cikin kasar kuma a hankali yana rufe dukkan tsiron. A nan ya isa a kula da furen tare da kayan gwari da dasa shi zuwa ƙasa bushe cikin sabuwar tukunya.
• Lightarshen bala'i shima cuta ce ta fungal, kuma ra'ayoyin masu noman fure game da yiwuwar warakarta sun banbanta. Wasu suna ba da shawarar maye gurbin shuka, wasu suna sarrafawa don cimma warkarta a farkon matakin cutar tare da taimakon Previkur da Riba-Zinariya.
• Wata cuta da ake kira baƙar fata yana shafar tushen pelargonium. A wannan yanayin, magani ba shi da amfani sau da yawa, tun da naman gwari na wannan nau'in ba shi da matukar damuwa ga kayan gwari.
• Tsatsa - wata cuta ta pelargonium, abin da ke haifar da hakan shi ne kwararar ƙasa da iska. An rufe ganyen tsire-tsire da jajayen launuka, kuma a gefen baya - tare da maƙarƙashiya mai cike da ƙwayar fungal. Ana kula da tsire tare da kayan gwari da kuma tsabtace sassan da abin ya shafa.
• Aphid Shine kwaro mafi yawa. Lonungiyoyin ƙananan gizo-gizo sun zauna a kan tushe, furanni, ƙarƙashin ganyen pelargonium. Zasu iya bayyana akan kowane tsiro. Kuna iya yaƙar aphids ta amfani da ruwa mai sabulu da magungunan kwari na musamman, kuma yana da kyau a cire ɓangarorin shuka da suka lalace sosai. Daga magungunan mutane don aphids, tincture na tafarnuwa ko albasa yana taimakawa.
• Mites ya bayyana kuma ya fara ninka a kan shuka lokacin da ruwa bai isa ba kuma yanayin zafin sama ya yi yawa. Don halakar da su, ana amfani da maganin sabulu, mai na ma'adinai ko shirye-shirye na musamman don kaska.
• Whitefly yawanci yakan ɓoye a ƙasan ganyen pelargonium, kuma rawayawar ganyayyakin da dunƙun digo a kansu yana nuna kamanninta. Kuna iya halakar farin farin tare da karbofos ko analologs ɗin sa, tare da amfani da tarko mai kauri.

Mahimmanci! A lokacin magani, dole ne a ware shuka mai cutar daga wasu, tunda cutuka da kwari suna iya daukar sabbin tsirrai cikin sauki, kuma annoba na iya farawa a gonar furen ku.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Pelargonium rawaya, kamar sauran nau'o'in wannan tsire-tsire, yana yaduwa ta hanyar yanka da tsaba. Yaduwar iri yana samar da tsire-tsire waɗanda suke fure akai-akai da wadata. An shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa mai laushi a tsakiyar tsakiyar hunturu kuma an rufe shi da ƙaramin ƙasa na ƙasa.

Lokacin da harbe-harbe na farko suka kyankyashe, ana iya yayyafa ƙasa da haɓakar haɓaka kuma a rufe shi da gilashi. Bayan makonni biyu, sai tsiron ya duri ruwa kuma ya yi shuka a cikin kwantena daban-daban. A makonni 6-8 na haihuwa, an shirya sprouts ɗin a cikin tukwane daban.

Ana amfani da daskarar da cutuka sau da yawa kuma galibi a lokacin rani. An yanke harbi tare da reshe na gefe, an shanya shi kaɗan an sanya shi cikin ruwa. Lokacin da asalinsu suka bayyana, ana shirin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.

Kammalawa

Kula da pelargonium mai launin rawaya ba shi da bambanci sosai da kulawa da 'yan'uwanta mata na sauran tabarau. Kula da dokoki masu sauƙi don kiyaye shi da kiwo, zaku iya samun kyawawan shuke-shuke waɗanda zasu farantawa masu rai rai ba kawai tare da kyawawan furanni masu ban mamaki ba, har ma da ikon ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau da kwanciyar hankali a cikin ɗakin.

Kalli bidiyon: NONON MATA by Hafsat zaki (Yuli 2024).