Yaushe kuma yaya ake shuka rhododendrons yadda yakamata a cikin kaka?
Rhododendrons bishiyoyi ne masu ƙayatarwa ko ƙananan bishiyoyi. Waɗannan kyawawan kyawawan tsire-tsire ne masu yalwar furanni. Ana yaduwar nau'in daji ta amfani da tsaba. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka su a lokacin bazara, suna haɗuwa da yashi.
Ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba don tsire waɗannan tsire-tsire, tunda suna da damuwa, thermophilic kuma basa haƙuri da sanyi da kyau. Yaya dasa rhododendrons a cikin kaka?
Siffofin rayuwar azaleas a lokacin kaka
A cikin kaka, an shirya shuka don hunturu (pruning da tsari). Furewa da yanayin rhododendron a kakar wasa mai zuwa ya dogara da ƙimar waɗannan ayyukan. Yana da mahimmanci ga mai lambu ya san ƙananan nuances da ka'idoji don shirya furanni don ɓoyewa a cikin kaka (zaka iya ƙarin koyo game da shirya rhododendron a kaka don hunturu a cikin wannan kayan).
Magana. Kalmar "rhododendron" a zahiri ana fassara daga Hellenanci na nufin "itacen fure" ko "itace mai wardi", amma ba shi da alaƙa da fure. Haɗin su shine kawai a cikin kyawawan furanni, nau'ikan nau'ikan iri daban-daban da iri.
A lokacin bazara, an yi buɗaɗɗen tsire-tsire na kayan hannu - ɗayan matakai masu mahimmanci da mahimmancin gaske. Duk nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu shekaru suna fuskantarta, rhododendron ba banda bane.
Nau'ikan yiwuwar yankewa:
- tsafta;
- anti-tsufa;
- formative.
Ana iya samun ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da ko an yanke rhododendron don hunturu nan.
A ƙarshen kaka, da zarar sanyi na farko ya zo, ana ɗaure ciyawar rhododendron da igiya kuma an rufe ta da filastik ko jaka. Kuna buƙatar cire wannan bukkar ta wucin gadi nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke.
Dabbobi masu yanke jiki suna jure yanayin hunturu da kyau a cikin yanayi mai yanayi. Zai iya tsira daga sanyi har zuwa digiri 10 ba tare da mafaka ba. Idan zafin jiki ya sauka a ƙasa, dole ne ku yi amfani da burlap.
Yankunan bishiyoyi masu launin kore suna da ƙarancin yanayin ƙarancin yanayi. Bushes na buƙatar ƙarin tsari saboda galibi suna karya rassan ƙarƙashin nauyin dusar ƙanƙara ko iska mai ƙarfi. Zai fi kyau gina ƙaramin tsari a saman daji don kare tsire-tsire.
Shin zaku iya shuka a wannan lokacin na shekara kuma yaushe yayi daidai?
Lokaci mafi kyau don dasa shuki a cikin kaka shine daga Satumba zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba. A zahiri, ana iya aiwatar da aikin a kowane lokaci na tazara, amma kawai a lokacin girma na shuka.
An haramta shuka a lokacin fure da tsawon makonni 2 bayanta. A lokacin kaka, yana da mahimmanci a dasa aan makwanni kafin sanyi mai ɗorewa - kuna buƙatar ba wa shuka lokaci don daidaitawa.
Wace hanya za a zaba don dasa shuki?
Zabin hanyar ya dogara da halaye na nau'in da aka zaɓa.
A bayanin kula. Ana yaduwar rhododendrons na daji da ciyayi ko kuma an samo daga tsaba. Varietal wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan ne na haɗuwa wanda kawai yaban bambancin shuke-shuke ya dace.
Babban hanyoyin kiwo da dasa shuki:
- Shuka iri, shuka shukoki da ƙara girma cikin kwantena.
- Shuka cuts.
- Shuka cuts.
- Tsaga daji (ya dace da tsofaffi da shuke-shuke).
Umurnin-mataki-mataki kan yadda ake aiwatar da yanka
Abubuwan da aka gabatar na algorithm na ayyuka ya dace da jinsunan bishiyar. Sake haifuwa yana faruwa ta hanyar yanka.
Kayan da ake buƙata
Don saukowa, ana buƙatar kwalaye ko kwalaye. Idan kana buƙatar hanzarta haɓaka, zaka iya dasa kayan yanka a cikin greenhouses ko hotbeds. An kuma dasa su a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, amma shayarwa ta yau da kullun, kula da ci gaba da bin ƙa'idodin da suka dace zai zama da wahalar aiwatarwa.
Wuri
Rhododendrons tsire-tsire ne masu ban sha'awa. Ba su dace da dasa shuki a cikin rani da yanayin sanyi ba. Suna son wurare masu inuwa, sanyi da ruwa, amma suna iya furewa cikin sauƙi tare da kai tsaye zuwa hasken rana. Mafi kyawun wuri don shuka shine a arewacin, yanki mai inuwa na wurin. Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama sako-sako, cike da humus.
Tsire-tsire suna kafa tushen dacewa kusa da tafkunan ruwa mai iska. Idan babu ruwa a kusa, ana bukatar fesa dazuzzuka sau 1 a kowane mako kafin a yi fure. Ana ba da shawarar zaɓar maƙwabta masu dacewa don shuka.
Guji dasa bishiyoyi kusa da bishiyoyi kamar:
- Linden;
- kirji;
- maple.
Tushen tsarin wadannan bishiyoyi sun kai kusan zurfin daya kuma zasu iya daukar dukkan abinci mai gina jiki daga sabon shukar.
Lura! Mafi kyawun zabin maƙwabta shine bishiyoyin apple, pears, conifers.
Ana shirya ƙasa
Don yankewa, yi amfani da gaurayayyen ƙasa mai tsami na musamman ko shirye-shiryen ƙasa da kai. Cakuda peat, ƙasa coniferous da yashi daidai gwargwado ya dace da shuka.
Tsari
Rhododendrons suna da tsarin tushen fibrous. Tsire-tsire suna iya jure wa dasa shuki, amma suna mutuwa yayin ambaliyar ruwa. Lokacin dasa shuken yanka, kana bukatar yin rami mara zurfin domin su girma a matakin ƙasa, kar ka zurfafa bayan ƙasa ta lafa. Idan ruwan da ke karkashin ruwa ya kusa da wurin (matakin bai kai mita 1 ba), dole ne a yi magudanan ruwa mai kyau a cikin ramin sauka.
Zai fi kyau a shirya shuki don dasa shuki a rabi na biyu na Yuli. Don wannan, ana yanka ganye daga harbe tare da toho axillary da itace a cikin hanyar garkuwa tare da gefuna na gajere na gajere. Don jinsin bishiyoyi (azaleas), ya fi kyau a zabi yankakken apical. Idan akwai furanni da yawa a cikin daji, to suna buƙatar a yanke su don duk ƙarfin tsire-tsire ana dogaro da tushen ci gaban, kuma ba furenta ba.
Daga sassan da aka sare, ya zama dole a cire ƙananan ganye, a bar wasu ganye na sama. Ba lallai ba ne don rage sauran ganye a kan cuttings. Yankewar ana yin shi a kusurwar digiri 45.
Hakanan akwai share fage na yanka:
- Jiƙa a cikin girma stimulants. Wajibi ne a saukar da ƙananan sassan cikin maganin tushen kusan kwana ɗaya.
- Kwantena suna cike da ƙasa kuma sun daidaita su.
- Yankakken ganye ya sami tushe cikin watanni 5.
Farkon shayarwa
Lokaci na farko don shayar da shuka bayan dasa shuki ya zama dole don kwanaki 3-5. A ciki yana da mahimmanci kada a ambaci tushen, danshi bai kamata ya tsaya ba. Schedulearin tsarin shayarwa: sau ɗaya a mako.
Kulawa a waje
Mahimmanci! Babban abubuwan da aka tsara don kulawa mai dacewa sune shayarwa ta yau da kullun, feshi, yin takin, ƙirƙirar siffar daji, hanawa da yaƙar cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Menene mahimmanci ga mai lambu don la'akari:
- An hana shi sassauta ƙasa kusa da rhododendron daji. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa asalin shukar suna kusa da farfajiyar. Zai fi kyau cire ciyawa da hannu ba tare da amfani da kayan aikin lambu ba.
- A lokacin kaka mai sanyi, furen na bukatar yawan ruwa (a kan ruwa lita 10). A cikin kaka mai ruwa, zaku iya mantawa da shayarwa.
- Kuna buƙatar shayar da bushes da ruwa mai laushi (ruwan sama ko zama). Mitar shayarwa na iya tantancewa ta ganye. Idan sun zama maras ban sha'awa kuma sun fara lalacewa, to lokaci yayi da za'a fara shayarwa. Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama moistened zuwa zurfin 30 cm.
- Kada a ambaliyar tushen rhododendrons da ruwa. Wannan tsire-tsire yana da matukar damuwa game da ruwa mai yawa a cikin asalinsu, saboda haka, suna yin daidai kamar yadda suke yi ga fari (bushe).
- A watan Nuwamba, suna fara rufe kowane daji, suna shimfida murhun peat kusa da shi.
Matsaloli da matsaloli
Bushe bushewar koda da ciwuka matsaloli ne na gama gari. Ana iya gyara yanayin ta hanyar shayarwa yau da kullun tare da ruwan dumi tare da abubuwan haɓaka masu haɓaka. Kasancewar ciyawa, ciyawa, bambaro ko wasu ciyawa a shafin da aka yi amfani da shi a baya zai iya shafar yanayin daji. Hakanan, waɗannan kayan na iya zama tushen cutar kwari.
Idan saukowa yana faruwa a ƙarshen kaka, za a iya share ƙasa da ruwan zafi - wannan zai kashe yiwuwar parasites, zai sauƙaƙe karbuwa daga daji.
Masu kiwo sun hayayyafa iri-iri da nau'ikan rhododendrons. Sun rayu tsawon lokaci, suna fure har zuwa watanni da yawa a shekara. Sau da yawa ana amfani dasu don yin ado da gadaje na fure, a fagen ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Itacen furannin yana farantawa masu shi rai kuma yana kawo farin ciki na ban sha'awa. Kulawa da kyau, kula da cututtuka da kwari akan lokaci shine tabbacin lafiyar da kyawun shrub.