Menene kyakkyawar jan begonia kuma yaya ake kula da wannan tsire-tsire na gida?

Send

Sunan da aka fi sani da irin wannan begonia shine Begonia Fimbriata. Shuka kanta baƙon abu bane, saboda haka zai zama ƙari mai ban sha'awa sosai ga kowane gida.

Dangane da kulawa, shukar za ta yi kira ga masu ba da tallafi na farko da na ƙwararru, balle kuma da yawa, da kuma hanyoyin da ba su da farin jini na yaɗuwa, mafi ban sha'awa daga cikinsu ana iya ɗauka a matsayin yaduwa ta hanyar yanka. Za mu gaya muku game da duk siffofin wannan shuka a cikin wannan labarin.

Bayani, tarihin abin da ya faru

Furen na dangin furannin Begonia ne na Begonia. A halin yanzu, wannan nau'in yana da nau'ikan 900 na zamani da 2000 na zamani. Wanda aka ambata da farko ya fara ne tun shekara ta 1700. Za ku koyi game da nau'in begonias a cikin wannan labarin.

NASIHA! Masanin kimiyyar halittar da ya gano wannan nau'in ana kiran shi Michel Begon, daga sunan karshe ya sanyawa fure. An samo shi ne a Antilles, inda masanin ilimin halitta ya bayyana shi.

Bayyanar

Babban fasalin furen shine manya-manya, furanni masu haske. Fetir ɗin suna da sirara, marasa kyau, gefunan petals ɗin suna da ƙarfi da ruɓaɓɓe tare da tukwici da aka sassaka, wanda ke ba furen kyakkyawar kallo. Faɗin fure ɗin yakai santimita 10-15, tsawon furannin kowane ƙwanƙwanni shine makonni 2-4. Begonias ya kai santimita 25-40 a tsayi, tare da kyawawan koren koren koren ganye wanda yayi kyau tare da furannin jan ja.

Hoto

Gaba, zaku iya ganin hoto mai haske ja begonia:

Bukatun saukowa

Na farko, bari mu bayyana komai a dunkule. A ka'ida, dasa kowane irin kayan lambu yana da matsala, amma lokacin dasa bakon namu, wanda shima ake kira da "baƙon da bai dace ba", ya kamata a kiyaye tsauraran buƙatu. Tabbatar da la'akari yayin dasa begonias:

Ba germination hade da daskarewa da tubers na iya zama wata damuwa.
Lokacin siyan, ya kamata ka kula da kasancewar ruɓaɓɓe akan glomerulus. Onesananan za a iya cire su daga tuber
asalinsu. Ya kamata a sarrafa shi a cikin ruwa na musamman.
HANKALI! Kyakkyawan shiri don aiki shine kayan gwari, ana iya samun adadin rabuwa akan kunshin. Tsarin aiki yana ɗaukar minti 20 zuwa 40.
Bai kamata tukunya ta yi zurfin ba, saboda saiwar ba za ta daɗe a nan gaba ba. Dole ne a sanya magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tukunyar. Ya kamata magudanar ruwan ta cika fiye da 10% na yawan tukunyar.
Shouldasa ya kamata ya zama sako-sako kuma yana da iska mai yawa. Kuna iya siyan irin wannan ƙasar a cikin shaguna na musamman. Dole a cire tarkace kamar tsakuwa ko sanduna. Ba lallai ba ne don karɓar ƙasar, sassauranta shine, mafi kyau. Ba zai zama mai iko ba don ƙara vermiculite.
Ba lallai ba ne don zurfafa tuber da yawa, in an gwada magana, tuber yana zaune "tsayin kafada".
Har sai begonon ya balaga, ana gudanar da ban ruwa a gefen gefen.
Kada a rufe tare da jita-jita don ƙirƙirar ƙarancin danshi.

Hasken wuta

Red begonia yana son haske da watsa hasken rana... Zaka iya sanya shukar a inuwa m. Amma a wani hali kar a yarda hasken rana kai tsaye ya buge begonia, halakarwa ne a gare ta kuma zai iya haifar da mutuwar tsire-tsire.

Kasar gona

Soilasa, da sauran sauran ɓoyayyun abubuwa, yakamata ya zama mai walwala da wadatar abubuwa daban-daban. Zaka iya ƙara peat da baƙar ƙasa a ƙasa a cikin rabo ɗaya zuwa ɗaya. Zaku iya siyan ƙasa a kowane shagon fure, ko ku haɗa ta da kanku.

Begonia ta balaga ba takamaimai yanayi bane ga ƙasa, amma lokacin dasa shuki da tsiro, yakamata ƙasa ta kwance, ta sami wadataccen oxygen, kuma yakamata a wadata ta da ma'adinai da abubuwan alamomi. Ilasa shine ɗayan mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da kyawon begonias.

Kulawar gida

Mafi dacewa shine yanayin zafin jiki daga 13 zuwa 22 digiri Celsius, amma kar a manta da kula da yanayin ƙarancin iska. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi shine kashi 60.
Tunda Begonia itace nau'in shuke-shuke, yanayin dormancy yana farawa daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu. Don canja wurin tsire-tsire zuwa wannan jihar, shayarwa ta ragu kuma an yanke shoanƙararrun ciyawa.
Wasu masana sun ba da shawarar adana tubun begonia a cikin duhu a zafin da ya kai digiri 10 zuwa 12 a ma'aunin Celsius har na tsawon watanni biyu.
Mafi kyawun kayan haɓaka suna bayyana lokacin da tsire-tsire ke cikin inuwa m.
Ana aiwatar da ruwa ne kawai bayan saman saman duniya ya bushe gaba ɗaya.
Don samar da begonias da danshin da ake buƙata a gare shi, ya kamata a ɗora tukunyar a kan tiren ruwa, amma don tukunyar kanta ba ta cikin ruwa, ko kuma a ɗora a kan peat mai ruwa.
NASIHA! Don hana tukunyar kasance cikin ruwa, ana zuba tsakuwa akan tiren, ko kuma a ɗora tukunyar kanta a cikin tarkon da aka juya. Idan matakin zafi ya yi yawa, begonia zata ruɓe, saboda haka kar a cika ta.
A ranakun zafi, ana fesa iska a kewayen begonia, amma don kada ruwan ya hau kan ganyen.
Dakin da begonia take a ciki dole ne ya zama yana samun iska lokaci-lokaci, amma don tsiron kansa baya busawa tare da wani daftarin aiki.
Yin dasawa ana aiwatar dashi ne kawai a cikin yanayin tsananin larura.

Cututtuka da kwari

Begonia yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka huɗu:

Farin fure. Cutar naman gwari ce ta sanadiyyar naman gwari da ake kira "Erysiphales". Yana girma akan ganye da kuma kan harbe-harbe, wanda ke wakiltar farin fure, wanda, saboda wurin da yake, da wahalar ganowa a farkon matakan.
Haka kuma cutar take kaiwa zuwa desiccation, kuma baya ga ganye rot. Kuna iya lalata naman gwari ta hanyar fesawa tare da shirye-shirye na musamman.
Sunan da yafi na kowa ga naman gwari shine mycelium. Idan ana so, zaku iya shuka shi da kanku akan burodi.
Ruwan toka. Kamar fulawa mai laushi, tana rufe begonia da furanni, amma wannan lokacin launin toka-fari, ko kuma gabaɗaya. Ana iya gano wannan cutar ba tare da matsala ba a kowane mataki. Trichodermine za a iya amfani dashi azaman magani.
Ciwon ƙwayoyin cuta. Blotches na launin ruwan kasa-ja ko launin ruwan kasa suna bayyana akan ganyen.
Wurin ringi. Bayyanar farin tabo tare da bayyanannen fasali.

Begonia na iya kamuwa da cututtukan gizo-gizo mai zuwa, fararen asu, da dai sauransu. Mafi yawan abin haushi shine kaska, yakin da ake da shi wanda yake da rikitarwa ta hanyar hanzarta sanya larvae din. Dangane da wannan, za a aiwatar da aikin sau 3-4 a mako, kusan na wata ɗaya zuwa biyu.

Mahimmanci! Mafi kyawun magani shine foda a cikin ampoules. Wannan kayan aikin ya tabbatar da kansa sosai, musamman idan kayi la'akari da ƙimar farashi / inganci.

Iri da siffofin haifuwa

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don kiwo begonias. Hanyar girma daga nodule an bayyana a sama, kuma daga siffofin Ina so in ƙara waɗannan masu zuwa: tuber yana da ɓangarori biyu, convex da dented. Sabanin yadda aka yarda da shi, ya zama dole a dasa tuber tare da mahimmin bangare, kuma ba sama ba, tunda tsiron ya tsiro daga gefen dent. Koyaya, ban da hanyar tuberous, akwai wasu da yawa. Game da su a ƙasa.

Kayan lambu

Hanyar ciyayi ta hada da kananan abubuwa guda biyu:

Sake haifuwa ta yara. A gare ta, ya zama dole a yanke saman rhizome mai tsayin da bai wuce 7 ba kuma aƙalla santimita 5. Na gaba, ana sanya wannan ƙarin a cikin ƙasa, sannan a rufe shi da jakar filastik don ƙirƙirar greenhouse. Bayan makonni 4, tsiron dole ne ya tsiro, wanda ke nufin cin nasara.
Rabon tuber. Wannan hanyar kusan iri ɗaya ce da ta nodule, amma a gare ta dole ne a raba tuber zuwa sassa, a kowane ɓangare dole ne a sami toho ɗaya.

Yankan

Kamar ciyayi, yana da nau'i biyu.

Leafai

Wannan hanyar ya zama dole lokacin da ya zama dole don samun adadi mai yawa na kayan shuka. Ana aiwatar da hanyar takardar kamar haka:

Da farko, zaɓi ganye mafi lafiya.
Yanke shi cikin murabba'ai. Ya kamata murabba'ai su wuce santimita biyu.
Bugu da ari, waɗannan ɓangarorin suna kan matattara, inda ake haɗa peat da yashi a cikin sassan daidai.
An rufe komai da polyethylene fim.
Da kyau, bayan makonni biyu ko uku, petioles dole ne su sami tushe, har zuwa wannan lokacin ba za a iya taɓa su ba, amma gaba ɗaya an cire su.
Bayan ƙarewar makonni uku, idan akayi rooting, zaku iya buɗe fim ɗin kuma ku sanya su, amma bai fi minti 30 ba, kuma tare da kowane iska yana ƙaruwa.

Kara

Don haifuwa, an zaɓi tushe tare da 1-2 buds.
Na gaba, kana buƙatar yin yanke a ƙarƙashin ƙananan koda, kuma sama da na sama a nesa na milimita 50 daga ƙodar. Idan akwai ganye akan makunnin, to, an yanke su cikin rabi.
An yi rami mara zurfi a cikin matattarar, wanda a ciki aka sanya yankan.
An rufe komai da filastik filastik kuma an sanya iska kowane kwana 2-3. Zaka iya amfani da kwalba maimakon fim.
Rooting galibi yana faruwa tsakanin kwanaki 15 zuwa 30.
NASIHA! Yanke daga begonias ɗaya na iya samun lokutan rusawa daban-daban.

A taƙaice, Ina so in faɗi cewa jan begonia ba shi da bambanci da wakilan begonias na yau da kullun, amma ana iya faɗin wannan ne kawai game da bambancin shuka, kulawa da haifuwa.

Koyaya, idan zamuyi magana game da sifofin bayyanar, to wannan begonia shine ɗayan mafi ban mamaki. Red manyan buds na iya jan hankalin kowa, har ma waɗanda ba su da sha'awar furanni bisa ƙa'ida. Girman wannan begonia zai zama abin farin ciki ga masu farawa da ƙwararru masu sana'ar sayar da furanni.