Komai game da girma fuchsia da kulawa na gaba a gonar: cikakken bayani, da yuwuwar cututtuka

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Abin marmari, mai ban mamaki da fuchsia mai haske shine ainihin "ƙawa mai daraja" don gida ko gonar. An shuka bishiyar fiye da shekaru 3000 da suka wuce, daga baya an ƙirƙiri yawancin ire-iren tsire-tsire don girma a cikin greenhouses.

Gandun daji yana girma cikin sifa ko a cikin sifa. Kuma kowane nau'i yana da nasa buƙatun don kulawa da haske.

Gaba, zamu gaya muku menene fasalin kula da fuchsia a cikin lambun. Kuma kuma, yi la'akari daki-daki da yiwuwar cututtukan wannan fure.

Yadda ake girma: fasali na hanya

Bayanin ilimin halittu na shuka karamin itace ne karami, wanda akan shi akwai launuka masu jan ja, matsakaiciyar sikalin lanceolate, yawancin maganganu masu launuka daban-daban da launuka. Don girma a cikin lambun, ana ɗauka iri iri da manya da madaidaiciya.

Kowane nau'in fuchsia yana da nasa buƙatun don kulawa da haske, amma abin da aka saba da shi shine tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye. Kuna buƙatar shuka bishiyoyi a cikin wuraren duhu. Banda shine nau'ikan Aloha da Coral, wadanda suke rike da kalar su mai dauke da kyawu koda kuwa a karkashin rana mai zafi, amma suna bukatar kulawa sosai. An fi son shuke-shuken Ampel su girma a gonar a cikin tukunya ko a cikin tukunyar filawa.

Magana. Lokacin aikin lambu, ya zama dole a kula da yanayin daji a hankali, sabunta lokaci-lokaci iri iri masu tauri tare da matasa.

Cikakkun maƙwabta don fuchsia a gonar sune begonia, balsam ko aivy.

Cikakken umarnin

Lokacin zabar wuri don tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar ba da fifiko ga wuraren da ke da haske sosai safe da yamma, kuma inuwa a rana. Fuchsia ya kamata a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa kafin Mayu. An san daji da saurin kafewa da karfafawa - shukar zata yi fure a cikin makonni 2-3 bayan dasa shuki. Shuka ba ta jure yanayin sanyi. Don noman na dogon lokaci, fuchsias sun fi kyau girma a cikin tukwane, ana canza su a waje da zafin jiki mai ɗumi.

Compositionasa da takin mai magani

Kuna buƙatar shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai haske da ƙoshin lafiya. Kuna iya siyan cakudadden ƙasa da aka shirya ko sanya kanku daga turf, peat da yashi (gwargwado 3: 2: 1). Yana da kyau a kashe ƙasa - a ajiye ta a cikin firiji ko a cikin sanyi, a zuba tafasasshen ruwa a kai. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin irin wannan cakudawar ƙasar don ƙarin dasa shuki zuwa gonar lambu.

Wajibi ne don dasa shuki a cikin gonar a cikin ƙasa mai ni'ima tare da tsaka tsaki. Za'a inganta ƙimar ƙasar a yankin ta hanyar cika saman saman daga cakuɗin peat, perlite da yashi. Hakanan yana da kyau a kara lãka - zai taimaka riƙe abubuwan gina jiki.

Abubuwan da aka fi so da ƙasa don gonar ya kamata su haɗa da:

cakuda turf ko ƙasa mai laushi;
peat;
humus da takin gargajiya;
yashi.

Mahimmanci! Wajibi ne don kula da danshi na ƙasa: saman saman bai kamata ya bushe ba, amma danshi bai kamata ya tara a cikin tushen tsarin ba.

Daga cikin takin da aka fi so akwai takin zamani. An ba da izinin yin amfani da shi bayan tsire-tsire ya sami tushe kuma ya sake fitar da cikakkiyar ganyaye. Don waɗannan dalilai, suna ɗaukar takin mai magani dangane da humus, yana yin takin nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc. Dole ne a sake cika ƙasar ta hanyar fesawa da ganye akan kwari (bayani mai rauni na Previkur, potassium permanganate).

Shiri da germination

Babban yanayin ingancin tsire-tsire shine sayan sabbin seedsa froman masana'anta daga amintattun masana. Kuna buƙatar shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa tuni a cikin Fabrairu-Maris, to ana iya dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Akwatin fuchsia ya zama mai faɗi. Akwati mai dacewa shine akwati na gaskiya.

Yakamata ayi magudanan ruwa a kasan akwati. Na gaba, yi Layer na faɗaɗa yumɓu ko pebbles - tsire-tsire ba zai mutu daga ruwa mai tsafta ba. To, kuna buƙatar zuba a cikin cakuda ƙasa, ku daidaita shi, ku bar 2-3 cm zuwa gefen akwati. Don hana samuwar mudu, dole ne a fesa ƙasa daga sama tare da sinadarin potassium daga kwalbar fesawa.

Don zurfafa zuriyar da yatsan ka tsawon cm 3-5. Rufe akwatin da cellophane ko murfi, tabbatar cewa barin sararin iska don shiga. Sanya kan windowsill dumi Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai fi digiri 22 ba. Bayan bayyanar harbe-harbe na farko, sai a diga ruwa a kai sau daya kowace kwana 2, kowace rana - fesa iska da ruwa daga kwalbar fesawa.

Yadda za a kula?

Daga cikin ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun shine daidai shayar da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu girma. Fuchsias na buƙatar yalwa amma matsakaiciyar shayarwa. An fi so a yi sau 1-2 a mako. Kuna buƙatar ƙara ruwa da safe. Tsakanin shayarwa, tabbatar da fesa ganyen tare da kwalba mai feshi, saboda shukar tana son danshi. Idan toho ya fashe, dole ne a yanke shi a kan lokaci.

Hakanan akwai wasu siffofin kulawa. A cikin lambun, an ba wa “kyakkyawa mai daraja” wurin da aka kiyaye shi daga rana da abin da aka tsara. Idan duk yanayin ya cika, shukar zai canza kuma yayi farin ciki da launi: launi zai zama mai jucier, ciyawar shuke shuke zata girma, daji zai karfafa.

Zafin jiki mafi kyau don girma a waje shine 21-23 ° (mai nuna alama kada ya kasance mafi girma koda lokacin rani). Idan alamar ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya tashi zuwa 26-28, fuchsia ta zubar da ganyenta kuma zata fara bushewa.

Bin ayyuka

Ka'idojin kulawa na yau da kullun suna zaɓar wurin da ya dace, shayarwa da danshi. Idan mai sayar da furanni yayi kuskure, alamu masu zuwa suna nuna wannan:

Ganye suna fadowa kuma furanni suna bushewa - fuchsia baya samun isasshen danshi.
Dukan bishiyoyin daji - akwai wadatar danshi a cikin kasar, saiwar sun fara rubewa.
Wuraren launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana akan ganye - ana buƙatar ƙayyadadden yawan ban ruwa, saboda ƙasa tana zama mai danshi.

Kulawa da tsire-tsire yana nuna wajibcin yin takin gargajiya - mullein ko humus na ƙarancin taro, toka. A lokacin samuwar burodi da lokacin furanni, ana buƙatar gabatarwar sutturar nan take.

A bayanin kula. Wajibi ne don aiwatar da ingancin pruning na fuchsia. Don yin wannan, cire bushe ko ya raunana harbe, da kuma rage rayayye girma fi da rabi.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa: cikakken bayani

Amfanin shuka shine cewa yana da saukin kamuwa da cuta. Mafi yawancin lokuta, alamun furen fure zasu iya bayyana akan daji. Fundazol zai taimaka don jimre wa cutar (duba sashi akan kunshin). Sauran matsalolin da za su iya faruwa sun hada da launin toka ko baƙar fata. Bangaren da abin ya shafa ya zama mai ruwa, wani farin furanni da ke kan fuskar ganyen. Yaki da cututtuka ya ƙunshi cire abubuwan matattu da wuri tare da magani tare da sinadarai masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.

Za a iya cutar da daji na fuchsia da kwari - aphids, gizo-gizo mites, whitefly. Alamomin kamuwa da cutar aphid launuka ne ja da kuma lankwasa ganye, lankwasawar mai tushe, rashin buda buds. Jiyya na ganye tare da barasa da kuma fesawa gaba tare da kowane shiri daga ƙungiyar kwari zai kashe kwaron.

Idan danshi bai yi yawa ba, fuchsia ya kamu da miyar gizo-gizo. Kwayar cututtukan nau'ikan digo ne da dige a jikin ganyayyaki, canza launi da faduwa mai zuwa. Haka kuma maganin kwari ya kunshi magungunan kwari.

Fuchsia kyakkyawan fure ne wanda galibi ana girma ne a cikin tukwane, kwandunan filawa da kwantena na kwalliya. Lokacin girma a cikin lambun, yana da mahimmanci a bi ƙa'idodin kulawa na musamman. Kuna buƙatar shuka tsaba a cikin akwati a cikin watan Fabrairu, kuma ku dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a watan Mayu. Ga shukar, alamun manzon ƙasa da danshi matsakaici suna da mahimmanci. Kuna iya gane alamun farko na cututtukan fuchsia a cikin lambun ta ganye.

Girma fuchsia a waje:

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