Nuances na kula da launi a gida

Send

Coleria wata ƙasa ce mai tsada-tsire-tsire ta asali zuwa Kudancin Amurka. Yana jin daɗin nasara mai ban mamaki tsakanin masu lambu da masu sayad da furanni a duniya saboda rashin wayewa da ikon samun sauƙin rayuwa a gida. Tare da kulawa mai ƙwarewa da inganci, koleria za ta yi farin ciki da alatu da wadataccen furanni kusan duk shekara. Babban abu shine kada ayi kuskuren kuskure ga masu shirin farawa. Bugu da ari, game da siffofin kulawa da launi a gida.

Yadda za a kula da furanni?

Coleria tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ne, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na dangin Gesneriev. Ya banbanta cikin rashin fahimta kuma yana da saiwa a gida. Coleria tana tsiro a cikin ƙaramin daji mai danshi tare da furanni masu haske na launuka daban-daban. Tare da kulawa mai dacewa da dacewa, shukar zai iya yin furanni duk shekara.... Don haka, koleria yana buƙatar matakan kulawa masu zuwa:

Substrate

Coleria tana da matukar son ƙasa mai gina jiki da haske. Dole ne ya zama dole danshi permeable da dan kadan acidic. Shirye-shiryen tukunyar da aka shirya don tsire-tsire na Gesneria ya dace da itacen.

Idan babu irin wannan zaka iya yin matattara mai dacewa da hannunka... Mix a daidai rabbai:

peat;
turf da ƙasa mai ganye;
yashi mai kyau (kogi);
kuma ƙara gawayi a can.

Haske da wuri

Coleria tana son hasken rana, don haka ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai haske, amma ba komai a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, tunda furanni da ganyen shukar suna da matuƙar damuwa da tasirin rana. Wuri tare da yaduwar hasken rana ya dace da koleriya (yana da daraja sanya shi akan windowsill gabas / gabas).

Tsarin yanayin zafi

Coleria ba ta son yawan zafi, haka ma sanyi. Mafi kyawun yanayin zafi don shuka:

a lokacin rani - digiri na 18-24;
a cikin hunturu - digiri 15-18.

Idan yayi zafi sosai a cikin ɗaki lokacin bazara, shukar na iya mutuwa.

A lokacin sanyi, ya kamata ku kula da alamomin zafin a hankali a cikin ɗaki - idan yanayin zafin iska ya sauka ƙasa da waɗanda aka nuna, zai iya fara shudewa.

Zafi

Kula da yanayin zafi mai mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci ga koleria, saboda itace tsiro mai zafi. Haka kuma, rabo daga yawan zafin jiki da zafi ya zama mafi kyau duka. Misali, a zazzabi na kusan digiri 22-25, matakin laima ya zama aƙalla 30%. Sai kawai a wannan yanayin collier zaiyi girma sosai. Babu wani hali da za a sanya shuka kusa da na'urorin dumama wuta..

Shayarwa

Shayar da tsire-tsire a matsakaici, don kada ƙasa ta bushe, amma ba ta daɗaɗɗa koyaushe. Ta alamomin waje, abu ne mai sauki a tantance bukatar kara ruwa a cikin kasa: idan saman gona ya riga ya bushe, kuma har yanzu daskararren ya jike a ciki, zaka iya shayar da tsiron cikin aminci.

Don danshi kasar da colter din ya tsiro a ciki, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ruwan da aka tsaida shi tsawon kwanaki 3 ko kuma aka tsarkake shi (tunda fari-rawaya mai fari ya kasance daga mai wuya a kan bishiyar shuka, wanda ke cutar da ita).

Mahimmanci. Kodayake coleria tsire-tsire ne mai son danshi, a kowane hali bai kamata a fesa ɗan korensa ba (ko da a lokacin zafi ne), tunda a wannan yanayin farantin ganye zai fara ruɓewa kawai kuma tsiron zai rasa abin da yake ado ko kuma, mafi munin, ya mutu.

Top miya

Don kula da iyawar shuka, ana ciyar dasu da ma'adinai da ɗakunan gidaje don tsire-tsire daga dangin Gesneriaceae ko violets... Tsohon ya shayar da launi tare da nitrogen wanda ake buƙata don haɓakar koren taro, na biyun yana motsa fure mai aiki da kuma shuke-shuke. Wajibi ne don amfani da takin mai magani tare da isowar bazara kuma har zuwa ƙarshen flowering na shuka tare da mita 1 a cikin makonni 2.

Kada kuyi gwaji da takin zamani: idan kuna amfani da wani nau'in takin don takin, ba shi da kyau ku canza su kwatsam, tunda tsiron yana da matukar damuwa ga irin waɗannan canje-canje. Coleria zata yi farin ciki ta sha irin wannan takin na tsawon shekaru.

Lokacin fure

A lokacin furannin, coleria na buƙatar ingantaccen abinci da abinci na yau da kullun. Kowane mako biyu, ya kamata a yi amfani da takin mai magani wanda ya fi yawa na potassium da phosphorus a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai ta da ciyawar kyakkyawa mai kyau.
Shayarwa a wannan lokacin ya kamata ya zama mai yawa amma ba yawaita ba. Babban abu shine don hana danshi daga hawa kan furannin.
Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don kare shuka daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Wintering

Yawancin nau'ikan coleria sun fi son yin ritaya ko zama a cikin hunturu.

Zai fi kyau sanya shuka a wuri mai duhu.
A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a kiyaye ruwa zuwa mafi ƙarancin.
Shima baya buƙatar ciyarwa.
A wasu yanayi, koren kwayar cutar coleria tana mutuwa a lokacin sanyi, ba tare da wata matsala ba jefa shuka a ciki. Bar tukunyar rhizome har zuwa bazara, kuma tabbas za ku jira sabbin harbi.

Yankan

Idan tsiron ya fara zubar da ganye a lokacin sanyi, kuna buƙatar taimaka masa ta hanyar yanke shi zuwa tushen sa. Idan shukar bata zubar da ganye ba, to yankan pali ne na zabi.

Idan ana so ana iya yin kambi na koleria bisa ga bukatunku... Dole ne ayi hakan kafin farkon lokacin girma.

Idan kuna son shuke shuken shuke-shuke, yakamata ku yanke saman kawai.
Don samun tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa, ya zama dole a bar harbe shi kaɗai kuma bayan lokaci za su kwanta yadda ake buƙata.

Canja wurin

An dasa shukar a cikin bazara.... Yakamata dasawa ya kamata ya zama mai fadi sosai, tunda tushen tsarin shuka yana girma a cikin faɗi fiye da zurfin. Idan kayi amfani da tukunya mai zurfi don dasawa, tushen tushen koleriya zai sami rashi oxygen kadan, kuma kasar zata kasance cikin ruwa koyaushe. A sakamakon haka, asalinsu za su fara ruɓewa.

Magana. Coleria tsire-tsire ne mai sauƙin hali dangane da canje-canje a rayuwa, don haka ya kamata ku zaɓi wuri don shuka sosai a hankali. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa duk wani canje-canje a cikin mahalli, koleriya tana da matukar ma'ana. Don haka, idan kun matsar da shi zuwa wata taga ko kuma kawai juya shi, zai iya fuskantar ainihin damuwa.

Hoto

Duba hoto na koleria, wanda, tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana ba da kyawawan furanni a gida.

Ta waɗanne hanyoyi ne yake ninkawa?

Coleria yawanci ta hayayyafa ta hanyoyi da yawa.

Yankan

Gyarawa a cikin ƙasa:

Don yaduwa ta hanyar yankan, an dauki harbi kimanin 8 cm tsayi.
Wajibi ne a tumɓuke shi a cikin cakuda humus da yashi. Ya kamata a sami ɗumi mai inganci a ƙasan tukunyar.
Daga sama, dole ne a rufe akwatin tare da fim mai haske har sai farkon harbe-harbe sun bayyana.

Zaka iya amfani da wata hanyar girma coleria tare da cuttings. Don rooting a cikin ruwa kuna buƙatar:

Sanya yankan a cikin tsarkakakken ruwa.
Lokacin da ƙananan asalin farko suka bayyana (wannan yakan faru ne bayan kwanaki 6-7), ya kamata a dasa yankan a cikin wani akwati dabam tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki.

Rhizome

Kuna iya aiwatar da aikin haifuwa ta rhizome a kowane lokaci na shekara, amma hanya mafi sauri don shuka sabon shuka shine lokacin bazara... Don wannan:

Dole ne a yanke rhizome zuwa sassa da yawa daidai tare da toho.
Shuka kowannensu a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin kusan 2 cm.
Sannan a hankali zuba ruwa.

Tare da kulawa mai kyau, sabon shuka ya kamata ya fito daga kowane sikelin.

Tsaba

Ana yin yaduwar iri a ƙarshen lokacin hunturu. Soilasa mafi kyau don shuka iri shine cakuda yashi da ƙasa mai ganye..

Bai kamata a nitsar da tsaba cikin zurfin ƙasa ba: ya isa ya dan matsa su cikin ƙasa, ya dan jika shi da ruwa daga kwalbar feshi, sannan ya rufe da polyethylene.
Lokacin da harbe na farko suka bayyana, cire fim din.
Kuma lokacin da farkon ganye biyu suka bayyana, kuna buƙatar nutsar da shuke-shuke matasa zuwa tukwane daban.

Kwari da cututtuka

Kwaroron yana da matukar wuya kwari, amma a wasu lokuta gizo-gizo mite ko aphid na iya bayyana (ganye da harbe-harben tsiron sun fara lalacewa).
Kuna iya kawar da su ta hanyar kula da tsire-tsire tare da magungunan kwari da canza ƙasa.
Wani lokaci koleriya na fama da cutar fure ko kuma ruɓaɓɓen tushe. Lokacin da furanni mai toka ya bayyana akan ganyen tsire, yana da kyau a yi ƙararrawa nan da nan kuma a rage adadin ruwan da ake shigowa da shi cikin ƙasa, tunda galibi yawan danshi ne ke haifar da ci gaban waɗannan cututtukan.
Bugu da kari, ya zama dole a kula da shuka tare da kayan gwari tare da bincika tushenta. Sabunta ƙasar idan ya cancanta.
Mahimmanci. Idan ganyen tsire-tsire ya kewaya, wannan galibi yana nuna cewa matakin laima bai isa ba, da kuma yawan ruwan da aka gabatar cikin ƙasa.
Bugu da kari, wasu matsaloli sukan taso tare da tsire-tsire, waɗanda aka bayyana a cikin canje-canje na waje:
1. Rashin furanni. Furanni na iya ɓacewa a kan koleria saboda dalilai da yawa. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan yana faruwa ne saboda ɗayan dalilai da yawa: rashin isasshen adadin takin da ake amfani da shi, ƙarancin ɗanshi, yanayin zafin iska da yawa, da dai sauransu.
2. Bushewar ganye. A lokacin sanyi, lokacin da shukar ba ta da isasshen haske, ganyenta na fara dusashewa a hankali.
3. Canja launi launi. Lokacin da ganyen coleria ya yi kala, wannan yana nuna cewa tsiron bai karɓi adadin abubuwan da ake buƙata ba, ko furen yana cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, wanda a zahiri yake ƙona koren tsiren.
4. Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki. Irin wannan matsalar ta zama ruwan dare ga koleriy, wanda ke karɓar danshi daga ruwan sanyi. Ya isa kawai dan dumama ruwan kuma matsalar zata ɓace da sauri.

Fasali na gyaran iri iri: Linden, Fluffy da sauransu

Kafin yanke shawara kan nau'in koleria da kuke son girma a gida, kuna buƙatar fahimtar kanku dalla-dalla game da fasalin kowane nau'in da kuke so.

Mafi sau da yawa, bambance-bambance sukan danganta da adadin da lokacin ciyarwa, da kuma bukatar yankan (ko rashin sa). Ya kamata a yi amfani da suturar sama bisa tsarin lokacin furanni... Misali,

Linden's coleria yawanci yana fure tare da farkon lokacin kaka da kuma duk tsawon lokacinsa;
Bogotka yana faranta rai tare da furanni masu launuka galibi daga tsakiyar lokacin rani zuwa farkon kaka.

Idan ya zo ga yankewa, ya kamata a kusanci wannan aikin sosai. Wasu nau'ikan coleria ba sa buƙatarsa, amma, alal misali, dole ne a datsa iri-iri masu furanni a lokaci-lokaci, tun da tsiron yana da tsayi kuma, in babu fure, zai iya kaiwa tsayin 1.2 m.

Mahimmanci. Ka tuna cewa (ba tare da la'akari da ire-iren su ba) koleria tsire-tsire ne mai laushi: yana da matukar damuwa har ma da damuwar inji, don haka ya kamata ku kula da shi da matukar kulawa.

Wannan duk dabarun da kuke buƙatar sani game da haɓaka irin wannan kyakkyawar shukar furannin fure kamar koleria a gida. Kalli sosai dan canje-canje kaɗan a bayyanar furen kuma kula da ita daidai. A wannan yanayin, koleria tabbas zata amsa muku da daushin fure, dogon furanni. Sa'a!

Send