Waɗanne irin lobelia ne suka dace da dasa waje? Hotuna da dokokin kula da tsire-tsire

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Flowersananan furannin lobelia na shuɗi, shuɗi, shuɗi, lilac ko fararen launi suna yin kwalliya mai ci gaba ko kwalliya, suna faranta ran yawancin lokacin bazara. Wannan tsire-tsire daga dangin kararrawa-furanni na iya zama na shekara-shekara da na yau da kullun.

Akwai nau'ikan iri daban-daban na wannan shuka. Kowane lambu zai samo wa kansa irin lobelia da yake so.

A cikin labarin, ba kawai za mu gaya muku komai game da dasa lobelia a cikin buɗaɗɗiyar ƙasa ba, har ma za mu nuna hotuna na nau'ikan iri daban-daban, tattauna matsalolin yankan da dasawa.

Waɗanne nau'ikan sun dace da noman waje?

Dukansu nau'ikan shekara-shekara da na shekara-shekara ana shuka su ne a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa. Lobelia Erinus ya dace da shuka a matsayin shekara-shekara. Tana iya zama:

daji (tsayayye da yadawa) - labule da ke shimfide babban shimfidar furanni mai tsawon 8-25 cm;
ampelous - yaɗuwa cikin kwalliyar bulala 30-35 cm tsayi.

Perennial lobelia jinsuna - tsayi kuma tsayayye, kuma za'a iya girma kamar na shekara-shekara.

Kuna iya gano komai game da nau'ikan lobelia don buɗe ƙasa daga teburin da ke ƙasa:

Suna	Tsawo, cm	Furanni (launi, diamita)	Gandun daji	Shekara-shekara ko shekara-shekara	Aikace-aikace
Sarki Willie	15	Shuɗi, 8 cm	Karamin curvy	Shekara-shekara	Iyakoki, gadajen filawa
Rosamund	15	Lilac, har zuwa 2 cm	Yadawa	Shekara-shekara	Furanni, kan iyakoki
Iska mai shudi	10–12	Shuɗi mai duhu tare da farin makogwaro, har zuwa 2 cm	Yadawa	Shekara-shekara	Curbs, akwatunan taga
Riviera	10–25	Fari, shuɗi, shuɗi mai haske, lilac, har zuwa 2 cm	Siriri, mai yawan reshe	Shekara-shekara	Furannin furanni, kwandunan furanni
Regatta	15–20	2-3 cm, shunayya, shuɗi ko shuɗi mai haske	Cascading	Matsakaici da wuri, Mayu na fure, shekara-shekara	Shuka da baranda
Cobalt	13–15	Shuɗi mai haske, 1-2 cm	Bush	Shekara-shekara	A matsayin murfin ƙasa, don kan iyakoki da gadaje na filawa
Fan Burgundy	50–60	Burgundy, 2.5 cm, an tattara shi a cikin inflorescences na tsaye	Yayi daidai	Shekaru, masu hibernates ba tare da tsari ba (har zuwa -23 ° C)	Furanni da kwantena
Scyallen Fan	Har zuwa 60	Red, har zuwa 3 cm, an tattara shi a cikin inflorescences na tsaye	Karamin	Perennial, hibernating karkashin murfin	Gadaje na furanni, rabatki

Hoto

Gaba kan hoto zaka iya ganin nau'ikan lobelia da yawa, masu dacewa don dasa shuki a cikin filin buɗewa:

Shin tsirewar sanyi ba ta da ƙarfi?

Wannan fure mai saurin lalacewa zai iya jure yanayin zafi zuwa -23 ° C, kuma ba tare da tsari ba, kuma mafi tsananin sanyi - tare da tsari. Ba kowane irin lobelia ya dace da lokacin sanyi ba. Varietiesarin nau'ikan kayan kwalliyar da suka zama gama gari a tsakanin masu lambu suna yin shekara-shekara ko girma kamar na shekara-shekara (lobelia erinus). Modarin haske a cikin bayyanar, amma jurewa lokacin hunturu, lobelia kyakkyawa ce. Waɗannan su ne bishiyoyi da aka kafa da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, har zuwa tsayin cm 90. Furanni masu siffar sabon abu, ruwan hoda, shunayya da sautunan ja, har zuwa cm 3 a diamita.

Yadda ake shuka?

Maganin Lobelia ƙanana ne, masu saurin lalacewa ne, saboda haka ana shuka shi ta hanyar shuka ko yankewa. Daga teburin zaku iya gano fa'idodi da rashin fa'idodi na hanyoyin kiwo daban-daban (game da haɓaka lobelia, hanyoyin shuka da fasalin kulawar shuka, karanta a nan).

Fa'idodi da rashin amfani	Tsaba	Yankan
ribobi	zaku iya shuka iri-iri na shekara-shekara da na shekara-shekara; iri-iri iri	sauki don girma; daga dasa shuki har zuwa dasa shuki a cikin kasa - makonni 4; halayen gadon mahaifar daji an gaji su gaba daya
Usesananan	hadaddun kula da tsire-tsire; daga dasa shuki zuwa dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa - makonni 8-10	ba duk iri ne suka dace da rooting ba; shafin yankan yana da saukin kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta

Tsaba

Ana shuka tsaba a cikin Maris - Afrilu (siffofin daji) ko a ƙarshen Fabrairu (iri mai ban sha'awa). Kuna iya dasa su a gida a cikin kwantena ko a cikin greenhouse a cikin kwalaye masu shuka.

Harbe-harbe na farko sun bayyana ba daidai ba - daga kwanaki da yawa zuwa makonni 1.5.

Shuka wuri

Lobelia tsire-tsire ne mai son haske, don haka ya zama dole a shuka shukoki tare da kyakyawan haske da kuma ƙarin haske na tilas. Ana shuka iri a waje (kawai ya tsiro cikin haske).

Kasar gona da kwantena

Don shuka, ana buƙatar ƙasa mai narkewa - dole ne a sanya ramuka a cikin kwantena ba kawai daga ƙasa ba, har ma daga ɓangarorin. Abun share fage ya dace kawai da haske, ruwa da iska mai ruɓewa da ruɓewa.

Sandara yashi mai yaduwa a cikin rabo 1: 1 da ɗan ash a ƙasa... Lobelia za ta ji daɗi a cikin irin wannan ƙasa.

Tabbatar da bi da kwantena da ƙasa don shuka tare da maganin 1% na potassium permanganate ko Fitosporin-M. Mafi kyawun zazzabi don tsire-tsire shine 20-22 ° C.

Shuka

Akwai hanyoyi 2 don dasa tsaba lobelia, ya danganta da hanyar da aka sake su:

marasa magani;
drained.

Seedsareatan da ba a kula dasu ba ƙanana ne, kamar ƙura, kuna buƙatar yin taka tsantsan yayin shuka:

Zuba ƙasa mai tattalin a cikin akwati, zub da ruwan zãfi.
Sakin ƙasa cakuda, cire duk lumps.
Zuba tsaba a cikin tukunyar. Eachaukar kowane iri tare da ɗan zanen haƙori wanda aka tsoma shi cikin ruwa, sanya su a saman ƙasa cikin yanki da yawa.
Kar ayi ruwa ko rufe kasa.
Rufe akwatin tare da murfin filastik kuma sanya shi a wuri mai dumi, mai haske.

Za'a iya shuka tsaba a cikin allunan peat (kowane pellet ya ƙunshi tsaba da yawa):

Sanya allunan a cikin akwati ka cika da ruwan zafi (50 ° C).
Bayan dragee ya kumbura, saka shi a tsakiyar kwamfutar (a cikin zurfafawa).
Rufe akwatin tare da murfin m kuma sanya shi cikin haske.

An shuka iri na lobelia na shekaru masu yawa a cikin wani greenhouse a cikin watan Fabrairu (yanayin iska a ciki akalla 20 ° C). Tsarin shuka iri daya ne, tsaba kawai ba a rufe ta da tsare ba. Seedlings ya bayyana a cikin makonni 2-3, an dasa bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa.

Bayan shukar iri, kulawa ta kunshi:

airing (kuna buƙatar farawa tun kafin fitowar harbe);
cire condensate daga fim;
ƙarin hasken wuta (awanni 4-5 a watan Maris da awanni 2-3 a watan Afrilu);
shayarwa ta hanyar fesawa daga kwalban fesa mai kyau ko a cikin kwanon rufi (lokacin da aka girma cikin allunan);
kiyaye zafin jiki na 15-18 ° C ba tare da zane ba.

Hankali! Bambance-bambancen shukar Lobelia ba sa bukatar takin zamani kafin a dasa shi.

Seedaukar seedling da tsunkule

Makonni 4 bayan fitowar tsiro, lobelia ta nitse. Kusan ba zai yiwu a raba tsire-tsire ɗaya bayan ɗaya ba - asalinsu ƙananan ƙanana ne kuma masu taushi, saboda haka ana fitar da wata ƙasa tare da tsire-tsire tare da cokali kuma ana dasa abubuwan tsirrai. Seedlings girma a cikin Allunan ba nutse. Ana yin pinching bayan shukokin sun kai cm 3-4. Yanke shi da almakashi ko tsunkule saman ganyen - wannan zai taimaka wa ciyawar su kara girma kuma su sa furanni da yawa.

Nemi karin nuances game da shuka iri na lobelia don shuka da ƙa'idodin kula da tsiro a cikin wannan kayan.

Yankan

Ana amfani da babban lobelia daji don shirya yankan.... A lokacin kaka (lokacin da zafin daren ya kai + 5 ° C), ana dasa shi a hankali tare da dunƙulen ƙasa a cikin tukunya sannan a bar shi zuwa hunturu a cikin gida mai haske mai kyau da kuma zafin jiki wanda bai fi 15 ° C.

Ganye yana fure har zuwa tsakiyar hunturu (idan an cire harbe ya shuɗe a lokaci), to sai ya shiga wani yanayi na ɓacin rai: ana shayar da shi ba sau 2 a wata kuma a ajiye shi a cikin daki mai sanyi. A ƙarshen hunturu, harbe-harbe matasa suna girma daga tushe na daji, kuma ana amfani dasu azaman yanka:

Soilara sabuwar ƙasa a cikin tukunyar kuma haɓakar harbin ana fuskantar da shi zuwa ɓangarorin don su taɓa ƙasa. Kuna iya ƙarar da harbe-harbe a ƙasa a wurare da yawa - wannan zai ƙara yawan yankan.
Tushen suna girma akan harbe (aikin yana ɗaukar sati 3), ana kula dasu tare da mai motsa kuzari (Kornevin) kuma ana ajiye su a cikin kwantena daban.
Bayan yankan sun kai tsawon 4-5 cm, sai a cicciko su ko kuma a sake sanya su a kasa, suna jiran saiwoyin su bayyana.

Don haka, ana samun yankan yankan daga daji ɗaya don dasa shuki a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.

Motsawa zuwa wuri na dindindin

Ana dasa shukokin Lobelia a wuri na dindindin a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni, bayan ƙarshen sanyi. Shuka na iya jure yanayin zafi har zuwa -1 ° C, amma yana da kyau a rufe samarin harbi da spunbond. Theasar ya kamata ya zama mai haske ba mai da kyau basaboda sai lobelia zata bada ciyayi da yawa da flowersan furanni.

Mix a daidai sassan duniya da yashi kuma ƙara goma na humus ko rubabben taki. An dasa dazuzzuka a wuri mai haske a tazarar 15 cm daga juna a gadon filawa da kuma cm 10 a cikin tukwane da tukwanen furanni.

Don samar da kyakkyawan daji, zaka iya tsunkule tsirrai.

A cikin filawar fure da tukwane

Kulawa ya hada da:

shayarwa;
saman miya da sassautawa;
yankan.

Lobelia fure ne mai son danshi, sha ruwa sau 2 a rana a yanayi mai zafi. Farfajiyar ƙasa dole ne ta kasance koyaushe damp. Lokacin girma a cikin tukwane tare da ƙasa mai iyaka, za a iya ƙara vermiculite ko hydrogel a cikin ƙasa don riƙe danshi. Shuke-shuken yana fure ne kawai a cikin ƙasa mai numfashi, saboda haka dole ne a sassauta shi a kai a kai, amma a hankali don kar ya lalata tushen sawu.

Ana gudanar da manyan kayan ado sau 2 a kowane yanayi:

Kafin flowering - bushewar taki na potash yayin sakin jiki, sannan a shayar da shi sosai.
A lokacin flowering - hadaddun takin ma'adanai a busasshen tsari kuma a yayin sassautawa ko cikin ruwa a bisa tushe. Ana iya maimaita wannan ciyarwar bayan wata daya.

A bushes yawanci Bloom har zuwa karshen bazara. Don tsawaita aikin, a watan Agusta, yanke lobelia da wuka mai kaifi a tsawo na 5 cm daga ƙasa, sannan zai faranta ido har sai sanyi.

Idan bai samu tushe ba fa?

Wani lokaci idan aka dasa lobelia da tsaba, ba sa tsirowa ko tsire-tsire su mutu yayin tsarin girma. Wannan na faruwa ne saboda dalilai daban-daban, kuma a kowane yanayi akwai hanyoyin da za a gyara yanayin.

Tebur: matsaloli da mafita

Matsalolin iri	Dalilin	Yanke shawara
Kada ku yi tsiro	Yi amfani da tsaba (fiye da shekaru 2-3)	Shuka sabo
Kada ku yi tsiro	Yayyafa tsaba da ƙasa	Kar a yayyafa
Kada ku yi tsiro	Ba a shayar da shi sosai	Kiyaye kasar gona a koda yaushe
Matsaloli iri-iri	Dalilin	Yanke shawara
Lalacewa lokacin da aka girma a cikin greenhouse	Saboda tsananin danshi (kar a cire fim din nan da nan bayan germination)	Yi amfani da "babban murfi" (murfin kek tare da ramuka) - sandaro baya tarawa, amma damshin yana da kyau
Ya mutu lokacin ruwa	Tsarin rauni mai rauni sosai	Cire shi daga cikin akwatin tare da karamin cokali tare da dunkulen duniya, ko yi ba tare da an debo komai ba (saka a cikin allunan peat)
Yana faduwa lokacin shayarwa kuma ya mutu	Jirgin ruwa yayi karfi sosai	Zuba daga sirinji tare da allura ko a cikin tire