Green carpet a cikin tukunya: yadda ake amfani da gansakuka don orchid?

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Eachara kowane sabon sashi zuwa tukunyar orchid ɗinka da taka tsantsan. Koda ƙananan canje-canje na iya halakar da waɗannan kyawawan kyawawan wurare masu zafi.

Ana ba da hankali sosai ga gansakuka don orchids. Wasu masu shuka suna ɗaukar koren katifu a cikin tukunya don zama mataimaki mai mahimmanci, “ceton rai”. Wasu kuma sun tabbata cewa orchid ya mutu daga gansakuka. Yaya abubuwa suke faruwa da gaske? Zamu tattauna wannan duka daki-daki a cikin labarinmu. Hakanan kalli bidiyo mai taimako akan batun.

Menene?

Moss mai rarrafe ne (wanda ba shi da tsayi a koyaushe) ba tare da tushe da furanni ba... Girma a wurare masu laima:

rigar ƙasa;
rubabbun bishiyoyi;
duwatsu a bakin ruwa.

Bayanin asalin kalmar "moss" ya fito ne daga Girkanci "sphagnum", watau "soso". Dangane da makircin aiki, wannan tsire-tsire yana kama da soso. Tana iya sha har sau 20 nauyinta a cikin ruwa! Sannan sannu-sannu ana ba danshi shuke-shuke ga waɗanda suke girma a kan danshin. Zai zama kamar babu wani abu mafi kyau ga orchids waɗanda ke son tsananin zafi.

Ayyukan Moss:

sha ruwan aiki;
kiyaye danshi na kwanaki da yawa;
daidaitaccen danshi na ƙasa (gansakuka yana rufe shi);
kariya daga tushen shuke-shuke daga lalacewa (godiya ga sinadarin sphagnol da ke ƙunshe cikin gansakuka, wanda ke da kayan antibacterial).

Me ake bukata?

Ana amfani da Moss a cikin noman orchids don dalilai daban-daban.... Ana iya amfani dashi kamar:

Independent substrate.
Supplementarin amfani.

Ana amfani dashi don dalilai masu zuwa:

A matsayin murfin mai rufewa don kara danshi da hana babban sashi daga bushewa da sauri (yadda za a zabi kabad don orchids?). Watering ya kasance iri ɗaya, amma zafi yana ƙaruwa saboda gansakuka.
A matsayin hanyar samun jarirai daga mahaifa (zaiyi aiki ne kawai tare da phalaenopsis). Kuna buƙatar yanke ƙwanƙwasa, watsa shi da manna na cytokinin kuma sanya shi a cikin akwati tare da danshi mai laushi. An saka iska a lokaci-lokaci. A hankali, koda mai bacci zai farka kuma jariri zai fara girma daga gare ta.
A matsayin substrate na girma yara. Zaka iya sanya tsaba iri iri na inchid a cikin tsafta mai tsabta. Shayarwa a wannan yanayin ƙananan ne, tare da bushewa cikakke. Hakanan, an gauraya gansakuka da bawo don yara: sa'annan shayarwar ta kasance iri ɗaya, amma kuna buƙatar kiyaye ƙasa bushe har kwana biyu.
Don farfado da orchids masu mutuwa. Idan tushen tsire sun ruɓe gaba ɗaya, zaku iya shuka shi a cikin sphagnum (wani lokacin ma ana ɗaukar gansakuka mai rai don wannan dalili) a matsayin mai maye gurbin da samar da yanayi na greenhouse. Wannan sau da yawa zai tsirar da tsire-tsire.
A matsayin wata hanya ta yin kwalliya a kan bulo (wasu orchids suna girma ne kawai idan an dasa su don yin koyi da reshen bishiya ko dutse). An sanya Moss ƙarƙashin tushen don amintar da su zuwa toshe. A wannan yanayin, ba za ku iya yin ba tare da matsaloli ba: don farkon watanni shida, samun danshi da iska zai zama mafi kyau duka. Amma to haɓakar algae da samuwar gishirin lada babu makawa. Kuna buƙatar jimre wannan lokacin. Sannan sphagnum zai ruguje kuma, bayan kimanin shekara guda, zai tafi - amma tsiron zai aminta da haɗe da toshe na dogon lokaci.
A matsayin cakuda da haushi a lokacin aiki tushen ci gaban. An rufe saman substrate da gansakuka don kada samarin su bushe. A wannan yanayin, ana kiyaye doka mai zuwa: yawancin raɗaɗɗen ramuka (ramuka a cikin tukunya), ana buƙatar ƙarin gansakuka.

Ribobi da fursunoni

Don haka, amfani da gansakuka cikin hikima na iya taimakawa tare da matsaloli da yawa. Plusarin sun hada da:

kiyaye dogon lokaci na danshi (koda gidanka yayi zafi da bushewa);
taimakon da ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ba a ci gaban matasa ko tsire-tsire masu rauni;
disinfecting Properties (orchids tare da sphagnum gansakuka a cikin tukunya ne mafi kusantar su yi rashin lafiya);
kamanninta na kwalliya: gansakuka a saman tukunyar (musamman idan yana raye) suna da kyau ƙwarai, amma toshe tare da furannin orchid da kuma koren gansakuka gaba ɗaya a kallon farko na iya ɗauke ku zuwa wurare masu zafi.

Amma a tsakanin manoman da ba su da kwarewa, shukar da ke rufe da gansakuka yakan mutu.... Akwai wasu rashin amfani:

yana da sauƙi don "overdo it" tare da gansakuka, kwanciya shi a cikin babban ɗumi mai kauri, kusan kuna da tabbacin toshe hanyar zuwa tushen ku lalata shuka;
gansakuka a cikin tukunya yana ba da gudummawa ga tushen ruɓa, daidai shayarwa tare da gansakuka ya fi wahalar lissafi;
idan aka girbe gansakuka ba daidai ba, kwari zasu fara a ciki, wanda zai lalata orchid ɗin ku da sauri;
gansakuka na iya haifar da ƙasar da yin gishiri, kuma algae na iya yin ta.

HANKALI: Idan kuna farawa don shuka orchids, zai fi kyau ku ɗauki phalaenopsis na yau da kullun ku horar dasu akan su da itacen pine ko pine, ba tare da gansakuka ba. Sai kawai lokacin da kuka koyi yadda ake ruwa yadda yakamata akan “tsabtace” za ku iya fara gwaji da gansakuka.

Ko tsire-tsire ya sami tushe a gansakuka ko a'a ya dogara da dalilai da yawa:

yawan shayarwa;
zafi;
takamaiman zafin jiki na ban ruwa.

Iri-iri

Sphagnum

Mafi yawan gansakuka shine sphagnum.... Ya fi girma a cikin Hasashen Arewa, a Kudu ana iya samun sa kawai a cikin tsaunuka. Mafi yawanci, ana samun sphagnum a cikin dazukan coniferous, a kan slightlyan ƙasa mai dausayi da fadama kai tsaye. Babban taro ya bayyana a cikin ɗakunan da aka ɗaga - a can ya rufe dukkan fuskar kamar matashin kai. Tun daga nesa ya zama kamar shimfida mai ɗanɗano na kore, wanda yawancin touristsan yawon buɗe ido ke yaudara.

Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa daga baya an sami babban peat daga mataccen sphagnum - kuma wani ɓangaren da ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ba, kawai don ƙasa, kuma ba epiphytic orchids.

Sphagnum mai laushi ne mai laushi mai laushi, yana da taushi ga taɓawa... Saboda launinsa, ana kiran wannan gansakuwa wani lokacin "fari". Ganyayyaki suna kama da allura, suna fitowa ko'ina. Matattun sassan shuka sun ƙunshi ruwa da yawa.

Lokacin tattarawa, wannan gansakanin yana da sauƙin cirewa. Ana amfani dashi don orchids kuma azaman ƙasa, kuma azaman murfin ƙasa, har ma azaman kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, kayan kwari suna da girma harma ana amfani dasu a magani!

Reindeer gansakuka

Yagel, kamar yadda ake kiransa, Icelandic ko dusar kankara, akasin sunan, yana girma a yankuna daban-daban na yanayi, daga dumi har zuwa polar tundra. Nau'in lashen ne wanda ya rufe kasa. Yana da matukar yawa da launin toka a launi.

Yagel babban zaɓi ne ga waɗanda suke mamakin yadda ake maye gurbin sphagnumlokacin da baya girma a kusa. Bayan duk wannan, ana iya tattara wannan ganshin kai tsaye ko a saya - galibi ana sayar da lichen a cikin shagunan phytodesign. Hakanan ana yin shayi mai warkarwa daga ciki, saboda haka zaka iya neman ganshin Icelandic a cikin ganyayyaki na magani. Rashin dacewar lichen shine mai saurin lalacewa da sauki. Amma wasu masu noman har yanzu suna amfani da shi azaman magudanar ruwa a cikin wani, mai danshi mai laushi.

Kukushkin flax

Fukarar Kukushkin, ko, kamar yadda ake kira shi, ganshin gandun daji, yana girma sosai a cikin gandun daji, a cikin sarari da kewayen bishiyoyin. Sau da yawa yakan canza tare da sphagnum, don haka za'a iya tara gansakuka biyu daga ciyawa ɗaya lokaci ɗaya. Sashinsa na sama kore ne, kuma ƙaramin yana da launin ruwan kasa, yana da kamanni da reshen juniper. Ya bambanta da kyau daga nau'ikan moss biyu da suka gabata a cikin cewa:

baya ragargajewa lokacin bushewa;
baya riƙe danshi na dogon lokaci;
ana samun kwari nan da nan a ciki, suna da saukin cirewa.

Ana amfani da flax din Kukushkin azaman babban matashi ko kuma ƙari a kansa... Ba shi da sakewa lokacin da yake girma shuke-shuke a kan toshe da daidaito: ba za su ruɓe ba, kuma banda haka, gansakuka ba za ta ruguje da sauri ba.

Tattara ko Sayi?

Idan muna magana ne game da talaka sphagnum, zai fi kyau a tara shi. Yana girma sosai a cikin gandun daji. Bayan tattara shi da kanku, zaku tabbatar da ingancin samfurin, cewa bashi da kwari, kuma ku adana kaɗan. Hakanan yake don flack cuckoo. Amma dole ne ku nemi reindeer lichen, ba ya girma ko'ina. Don haka, don gudun wucewa ta cikin daji a wofi, yana da kyau a saya shi.

MUHIMMANCI: Lokacin yanke gansakuka, kada ka taɓa ƙasan shukar, kawai zaka iya tsinke saman. In ba haka ba, sababbin harbe-harbe ba za su sami abin da za su samo asali ba, kuma shekara mai zuwa za ku sami tabo baƙi a kan shafin share gora.

Ba shi da wahala a sayi gansakuka don orchids: kusan duk shagunan filawa suna ba da wannan sabis ɗin.... Kuna iya yin odar gansakuka na asali daga asalin orchids akan Intanet, zai zo muku wanda aka shirya cikin jaka na musamman.

Processing, disinfection da bushewa

Lokacin girbe gansakuka, yana da kyau a tuna cewa ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa suna haifuwa da kyau a ciki. Idan kawai ka tara shi a cikin kurmin ka saka a tukunya, to nan bada jimawa ba kwari, kwari da ma yiwuwar katantanwa zasu bayyana a wurin. Don haka, bayan tattara gansakuka, tabbatar da aiwatar da shi. Kurkura sosai tare da ruwan zãfi, kwasfa zuwa rassan daban. Sannan zaku iya amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin sarrafawa:

Jiƙa gansakuka a cikin ruwan dumi na kimanin awanni 12. Fitar, a kula dashi da "Akarin" kuma a kiyaye har tsawon sati 2, ana shan ruwa lokaci-lokaci da ruwa saman. Bayan haka, sanya kayan aikin a bushe a wuri mai hasken rana. Lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa hasken rana, maganin kashe kwari yana lalacewa yana yin kumburi.
Zaɓin da ya fi sauri shi ne zuba moss ɗin da aka tattara tare da ruwan zãfi na mintina 3-5, sa'annan ku matsi shi kaɗan kuma sanya shi a kan windowsill don ya bushe. Duk da saukin wannan hanyar, ba za a sami kwari a ciki ba bayan bushewa - za su watsa.

Idan ba a hango yanayin rana ba, ana ruwan sama a waje, to ana iya tattara gansakuka a cikin ƙananan rukuni a rataye shi ya bushe a kan igiya. Amma yana da kyau kada ka busar da gansakuka a cikin murhu ko injin bushewa na musamman: don haka baya bushewa har zuwa karshe.

Yadda ake amfani da sphagnum?

Bari muyi magana game da dokoki don dasa shukokin orchids a cikin mayuka tare da ƙari na gansakuka:

A matsayin ƙari, ana iya saka gansakuka a cikin tukunyar a yanayin inda saman ƙasa ya bushe da sauri kuma ka ga cewa tushen da ke saman yana bushewa. Idan furen ya tsiro a cikin kwando, yana da daraja a rufe shi da gansakuka a kowane bangare. Bi waɗannan dokoki:
- kada a sanya gansakuka a kusa da wuyan orchid kuma a tamata tam - wannan yana haifar da lalacewa;
- kauri na gansakuka bai kamata ya wuce 3-4 cm ba.
Addedara nikakken gansaken an kara shi zuwa cikin ciki na substrate. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a fara bi da shi da takin ma'adinai, misali, "Kemira Lux". Sannan sphagnum an niƙa shi kuma an ƙara shi a cikin cakuda. Misali, irin wannan abun: daskararren gansakuka, ganyen fern na kasa, guntun haushi, gawayi. An zuba wannan hadin a karkashin tushen, ba a sa shi a kai ba.
Kuna iya yin cakuda kaɗan kaɗan: an haɗa gansakuka da bawo a cikin tukunya a cikin yadudduka. Layer na ƙasa shine haushi (a cikin dalla-dalla game da wane irin haushi za a iya amfani da shi don orchids da yadda za ku iya shirya shi da kanku, gano a nan).
Flowararrun masu sayar da furanni suna shuka shukar a cikin gansakuka. A wannan yanayin, an saita orchid a ɗigon polka, ratayoyin da ke tsakanin tushen an cika su da sakko. Ana buƙatar magudanar ruwa zuwa ƙasa.

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da mafi kyawun yanayin ƙasa don orchids da yadda zaku shirya shi da kanku anan.

TAMBAYA: Idan ganshin ya bushe sosai, bazai dace da aiki dashi ba. Matakansa suna tashi zuwa idanu, hanci da tufafi. Ana iya jika shi da kwalba mai fesawa. Ko kuma, daren da za a yi amfani da shi, saka adadin moss a cikin jakar filastik, zuba ƙaramin ruwa a can sannan a ɗaura jakar. Da safe, gansakuka za su sami haɓakar da ake buƙata.

Kalli bidiyo game da amfani da moss na sphagnum don orchids:

Me za ayi idan kun bayyana a tukunya da kanku?

Wani lokaci koren furanni yakan bayyana a cikin tukunyar orchid (galibi daga Mayu zuwa Agusta)... Wannan allon ba komai bane face tsire-tsire mai tsiro da kansa ko algae. Ta hanyar kansu, basa wakiltar haɗari ga fure. Amma bayyanar koren gishiri ko algae a cikin tukunyar yana nuna cewa yayi danshi sosai a cikin tukunyar: suna buƙatar danshi da dumi don ci gaba.

Baya ga shayarwa da yawa, wannan na iya faruwa yayin da tukunyar ta yi yawa ko kuma an dafa murhun. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar dasa orchid:

kurkura kuma bushe tushen;
dauki sabon substrate;
Kurkura tukunyar da barasa kuma bushe.

Ruwa bayan dasawa an rage.

Matsalar amfani

Babbar matsalar ita ce gishirin ƙasa.... Sphagnum yana ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa kuma da sauri ya kwashe shi daga farfajiyar - saboda wannan, matsala tana faruwa koda da ruwan da aka tatsa. Matsalar za ta kasance ga ido, ƙari ma, ganyen orchid zai zama rawaya. Hakanan ƙarancin gishiri na gishiri na iya faruwa akan toshe. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar canza gansakuka (wani lokacin dole ne a dasa shukar gaba ɗaya). Ana wanke ganyen Orchid da taki mai ruwa.

TAMBAYA: Los ɗin layi tare da dabino ko zaren kwakwa. Ba a rage gishiri sosai a kansa kuma algae suna girma.

Wani lokaci shuka tare da gansakuka ba ta da tushe ta kowace hanya... A wannan yanayin, ana iya maye gurbinsa da fiber iri ɗaya na kwakwa. Wasu don dalilai iri ɗaya suna amfani da mafi yawan abin sha na jike (amma haɗarin lalacewa ya fi girma) ko bushe ƙananan ƙwallan yumbu.

Kammalawa

Yi amfani da gansakuka ko a'a - ya rage naku. Ko ta yaya, tare da kulawa da hankali da kuma shayarwa na yau da kullun, orchid ɗinka zai yi kyau sosai tare da ko ba tare da gansakuka ba, kuma zai yi maka godiya da furanni masu daɗi da ciyawar kore.

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