Hotuna, kwatancen da kuma kula da nau'ikan nau'ikan furanni masu yawa: Tornado, Glafira, Multiflora

Multi-flowered petunia na ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan kyawawan kayan lambu waɗanda yawancin masu noman fure suke kauna sosai. Kuma wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda an gabatar dashi cikin launuka daban-daban, yana da furanni mai tsayi kuma bashi da ma'ana cikin kulawa.

Zaku iya amfani da wannan nau'in gonar petunia don kwalliyar zanen shimfidar wuri, tunda furanninta matsakaita ne, kuma hazo a yanayin ruwan sama ba mai mata wahala bane. A cikin wannan labarin zamu duba nau'ikan wannan petunia da ka'idojin kula dashi. Hakanan kalli bidiyo mai taimako akan batun.

Bayani da tarihin abin da ya faru

A karo na farko ya zama sananne game da petunia a cikin 1793 godiya ga ƙwararren Lamarck... Daga baya, nau'ikan petunias daban-daban sun tashi, daga cikinsu akwai mai yawan furanni. Da farko, suna zaune a yankin Kudancin Amurka, kuma a ƙarshen karni na 18 an kawo su zuwa Turai.

Multi-flowered petunia an rarrabe ta ta hanyar wadataccen yaɗuwar furanni waɗanda ƙanana suke. Furanni suna girma sosai, saboda haka kusan an rufe daji da ƙananan inflorescences. Multi-flowered petunia tsire-tsire ne na baya, don haka zaku iya jin daɗin kyanta yayin lokacin fure da yawa fiye da sauran iri.

Girman Petunia yayi ƙasa, amma bushes suna da girman girma... Don kyan gani mai ban sha'awa, daji yana zagaye da yankan. Launuka daban-daban, akwai nau'ikan inflorescences na monochromatic da variegated.

HANKALI: Bambancin keɓaɓɓen fulawar petunia shine juriyarsa ga canjin yanayi, amma baya yarda da sanyi.

Iri-iri, siffofinsu da hotunansu

Glafira

Yana da tsire-tsire masu yawa na petunia ƙarami kuma ƙarami a cikin girma. Tsayinsa ya kai 20-30 cm. Bambancin al'adun ado shine cewa da shuka da wuri, furanni ya fara riga a watan Mayu.

Babban mahimmancin fa'ida iri-iri shine juriya fari.... Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan petunia masu yawan furanni, Glafira yana jure rashin ƙanshi na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Haka kuma, jikewar furanni da bayyanar ado ba ya canzawa. Nau'in iri-iri na dawo da kamanninta bayan ruwan sama.

Multiflora

Furannin suna da ƙanana, girmansu ya kai 4-8 cm. Suna iya zama biyu, ba biyu ba (karanta yadda zaka kula da iri biyu anan). Yada daji, mai yawa, mai zagaye, mai tsayi a tsayi. Petunia multiflora shine mafi yawan rukunin petunias. Tana da manyan hotuna masu ban sha'awa, wanda diamitarsa ​​yakai cm 12. Siffar fure na iya zama daban, kuma launinta launin ruwan kasa ne wanda yake dauke da jijiyoyi, frills, geres, taurari.

Amma dangane da namo, iri-iri na nema. Mafi yawan lokuta yakan kamu ne da tasirin cututtukan kwari, tare da rashin ƙarfi ga iska da ruwan sama. Duk da wannan, petunia microflora har yanzu ana ɗaukarsa mafi ƙaunataccen tsakanin masu noman fure, kamar yadda aka gabatar da shi a cikin kewayon da yawa.

Guguwa

Wannan nau'ikan nau'ikan furanni ne masu yawan furanni, wanda yake da manya-manyan harbe-harbe da kuma kyawawan maganganu. Girman su yana da cm 5-7. Launi na buds na iya zama purple, ruwan hoda da fari.

Mafi mashahuri wakilin wannan rukuni na petunias ya kasance Tornado Parple F1... An bambanta nau'ikan iri iri da saurin girma, kuzari da yalwar furanni. Tsawon harbe ya kai mita 1.5. Launin inflorescences mai haske ne mai haske. Furanni yana kasancewa tsawon lokacin bazara har zuwa sanyi. Ya banbanta cikin rashin fahimta cikin kulawa, ikon sauƙaƙa dawo da ado bayan iska da ruwan sama.

Girma seedlings daga tsaba

Don samun nasarar noman petunia mai yawan furanni, dole ne a kiyaye shawarwari masu zuwa yayin dasa shi:

1. Shuka kayan shuka a karshen watan Janairu-farkon Fabrairu. Tunda tsaba kanana ne, hada su da yashi.
2. Yada kayan shuka a farfajiyar ƙasa, matakin da ruwa tare da kwalba mai fesawa.
3. Rufe akwatin tare da tsire-tsire tare da tsare kuma shigar a cikin ɗaki tare da zafin jiki na digiri 20-23.
4. Bayan kwanaki 7, harbe na farko zasu bayyana. Sau ɗaya a mako za a fesa su da maganin sinadarin potassium. Bugu da ƙari, cire fim ɗin don yin iska na awanni da yawa.
5. Lokacin da ganyen 3-4 na farko suka kafu, za a iya dibar ganyaye ta hanyar dasa tsiro a cikin kofi daban.
6. Yi aikin karba a hankali, canja wurin tsiron ta wurin ganye, don kar ya cutar da tushen kuma kada ya girgiza ƙasar daga gare su.

Kalli bidiyo game da yadda ake tsiro da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa daga tsaba:

Bukatun ƙasa

Tushen don petunia mai yawan furanni ya dace da yashi mai yashi ko yashi... Ya kamata a hada shi da peat ko humus. Petunia tana haɓaka haɓaka, girma da girma sosai idan an dasa ta cikin haske, ƙasa mai gina jiki tare da pH tsaka tsaki.

Haske da wuri

Wurin da za a yi tsiro mai tsiro mai yawa ya zama rana. Idan kun dasa petunia a inuwa, to zai fara mikewa, adadin ganye zai karu, amma adadin furanni zai ragu. Bugu da kari, yankin inuwar zai yi tasiri matuka ga tasirin adon daji.

MUHIMMANCI: Don petunias mai yawan furanni, sami wuri wanda zai zama mai kariya daga iska yadda ya kamata. A cikin iska mai ƙarfi na iska, furanni masu laushi zasu ji rauni.

Yadda ake kulawa da kyau?

Shayarwa

Istasa ƙasar da petunia ke tsirowa, kamar yadda ake buƙata... Don wannan, ruwan da aka daidaita ya dace. Shayar da tsire a tushen saboda kada ruwa ya shiga cikin kyawawan furannin. Kashegari bayan danshi, yana da muhimmanci a sassauta ciyawar.

Top miya

Ya isa a ƙara girke-girke masu gina jiki sau ɗaya a mako. Saboda wannan, ana canza kwayoyin halitta tare da suturar ma'adinai.

Petunia mai yawan furanni za ta kasance mai daɗi idan ana shayar da ita lokaci-lokaci tare da maganin ruwa na masu tawali'u. Launi na ƙwayoyin zai zama mai wadata yayin amfani da keɓaɓɓen petunia na ciyarwa "Furannin Aquarine".

Danshi, ciyarwa da sako ciyawa mai yalwa da yawa shine mafi alfanu a maraice ko a cikin gajimare.

Yankan

Tunda petunia mai yawan furanni suna girma a cikin hanyar daji, dole ne a yanke shi.... Don yin wannan, bayan dasa shukar a cikin wani fili, tsunkule fewan ganye a saman. Bayan haka, babban tushe zai fita, kuma petunia kanta zata zama mai dausayi.

Ba zai yi aiki ba don samar da ƙananan petunia ta hanyar tsunkule. Tushenta zai ci gaba da girma kuma ba zai so reshe ba.

Kalli bidiyo game da yankan petunias a cikin ƙasa:

Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari

Mafi yawancin lokuta, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da na ƙwayoyin cuta suna shafar ƙwayar petunia mai yawan furanni.... Tsakanin su:

• kokwamba da mosaic taba;
• ganyen ganye;
• ƙwayoyin cuta dankalin turawa da tumatir;
• taba necrosis.

An halicce su da tabo necrotic da chlorotic spots, tsarin mosaic akan ganyen, da kuma nakasa daga sassa daban-daban na shuka.

TAMBAYA: Idan wadannan cututtukan sun shafa, ya kamata a hanzarta cire furen daga kasa a kone shi. Don rigakafin, don yaƙar babban dako daga cikin wadannan cututtuka - aphids.

Hakanan, cututtukan fungal suna shafar petunia mai yalwa da yawa.:

• foda mai laushi;
• marigayi bugun jini;
• iri-iri iri na ruɓewa;
• baƙar fata;
• launin ruwan kasa.

Don magani, ana amfani da kwayoyi da suka ƙunshi jan ƙarfe, da kuma masu nazarin halittu da na sinadarai: Trichodermin, Fitosporin.

Daga cikin kwari, haɗarin shine:

• aphid;
• thrips;
• miyar gizo-gizo;
• whitefly;
• slugs.

Idan an sami farin ƙura, aphids ko thrips, bi da magungunan kwari, gami da: Confidor, Aktara. Don yaƙi da mites gizo-gizo, an haɓaka hanyoyi na musamman: Demitan, Aktellik... Don tsoratar da slugs, watsa metaldehyde akan yanayin ƙasa.

Sake haifuwa

Multiflorous petunia suna hayayyafa mafi yawan lokuta ta iri. Don namo, shuka tsaba a watan Maris, kuma ku dasa a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu. Petunia da ta girma daga tsaba galibi yana shafar baƙar fata, don haka dole ne ku kula da matakin da ake buƙata na danshi, ku guji yin ruwan ƙasa. Don ingantaccen tillering, tsunkule.

Samfurori mafi ban sha'awa na petunias ana yada su ta hanyar yankan... Wannan aikin yana faruwa a cikin bazara. Don yin wannan, yanke harbe-tsaren apical tare da ganye 4-5, sa'annan ku nutsar da su cikin ƙasa ta ¼, rufe da gilashi daga sama. A lokacin rooting, fesa da cuttings lokaci-lokaci. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da cuttings don ampelous da nau'i biyu na furanni.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Lokacin girma petunias mai yawa, matsaloli da yawa suna yiwuwa. Kowane mai sayad da furanni ya kamata ya san su da yadda za a kawar da su:

1. Don sauƙaƙawa kamar yadda zai yiwu ga matasa shuke-shuke don canja wurin dasawa zuwa buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, aiwatar da irin waɗannan abubuwan a cikin yanayin gajimare ko maraice.
2. Don matsakaicin riƙe danshi da kariya daga sanyi a ƙasa, ƙuƙasa shukar sosai tare da peat.
3. Lokacin dasa petunias a cikin tukwane ko filawar filawa, kula da tsayin ɓangarorin. Bai kamata ya wuce cm 5. In ba haka ba, tare da 'yar iska, rassan za su goge gefen kuma karya.
4. Drainarin magudanar ruwa a cikin tukwanen fure ba shi da daraja. Ramin na musamman akan kasa sun isa. Abin sani kawai ƙasa na petunias ya bushe da sauri.
5. Duk magudi don moistening da ciyarwa ya kamata a aiwatar da yamma. Dalili kuwa shine lokacin da rana take aiki, ƙonewa yake yi akan ganyen.

Kammalawa

Multi-flowered petunia tsire-tsire ne mai ban sha'awa da launuka., wanda a yau ke yin ado da baranda, loggias da gadaje masu filawa. Ya isa shuka iri da yawa na wannan rukuni na petunias akan shafin don samun asalin fure na asali. Shuka baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, don haka koda mai farawa zai iya cin dogon furanni mai yalwa.

Kalli bidiyon: Accounting of courses (Yuni 2024).