Yadda ake shuka ganye don buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, yankakke yankakke vervain?

Furannin fure suna son yanke vervain mai kyau domin yalwar furanni masu kyawu, wanda ya daɗe na lokaci mai tsawo, baya dusashewa daga rana kuma ya juyar da gadaje na fure zuwa shimfidu masu nisa.

Wannan tsiron yana da tetrahedral kara mai rarrafe zuwa ƙasa. Kuna iya ganin vervain da aka yanka a hankali sau da yawa a cikin kwalaye da tukwane rataye a kan loggias da baranda.

Furen na dangin vervain ne kuma yana iya farantawa masu shi rai tsawon shekaru a jere.

Bayanin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire

Verbena da aka rarraba da kyau ya kasance na yawancin Verbenov dangi. Furen na iya zama na shekara-shekara ko na ciyawa na yau da kullun, kuma yana iya girma a matsayin ƙaramar ƙasa. Chile, Kanada ana ɗaukar su ne asalin asalin kyawawan maganganu, yawancin jinsuna suna girma a Turai da Asiya, Amurka ta Kudu.

Verbena da aka sassauta - kayan kwalliyar furanni na gadajen filawa, kan iyaka. An dasa shi a kan baranda da loggias, a cikin kwanduna rataye da kwalaye (karanta game da ampelous vervain nan). Verbena finely yanke yana da matasan iri, wani lokacin ana kiranta matasan verbena.

Karamin verbena mai girma - mammoth, kamar yadda ake kira iri-iri, yana da tsawo har zuwa cm 50. Furen suna da girma, reshen reshen kuma yaɗu tare da ƙasa. -Ananan verbena masu ƙarancin girma suna girma har zuwa cm 30 a tsayi.Wannan ƙananan raƙuman raƙuman suna da gajerun madaidaiciya madaidaiciya, ƙaramin fure, ƙananan maganganu waɗanda ke samar da babban kambi na daji.

Fasali na ra'ayi

Verbena da aka rarraba shi na shuke-shuke ne na shekara-shekara, kodayake galibi ana girma ne kamar shekaru masu zuwa. Jigon yana da tetrahedral, yana rarrafe ƙasa. Nau'ikan ba su da yawa, tsayin fure baligi shine 20-30 cm.

A furanni ne dada, har zuwa 1 cm a diamita, mai haske, mai arziki - Crimson ko purple, akwai farin inflorescences. Furannin suna da kyau a cikin sura, petals din suna sirara, kamar karnation. Tsakiyar fure galibi ana yi masa alama da farin ɗaki. Abubuwan inflorescences suna da girma, sun haɗu har zuwa ƙananan furanni 40 - 50, suna haɓaka hadaddun fure masu yawa. Halin inflorescences yana da siffa ta matashi.

Harbewa suna da saiwa da sauri. Ganyayyaki masu budewa ne, koren mai launin shudi. Ganyayyaki suna da zurfi sosai kuma galibi ana rarraba su suna kama da kamanni da gansakuka.

Abinda ke tattare da wannan nau'in verbena shine cewa ganye da ƙwayayen baya bushewa ko bushewa koda da rana.

Nau'in iri-iri mallakar furannin kamshi ne mai ƙamshi mai ƙamshi. Blooms a tsakiyar lokacin rani. Furewa na dadewa har sai sanyi.

Mahimmanci! Da zaran furannin sun yi yaushi bayan sun yi fure, suna bukatar a hanzarta yanke su don tabbatar da dadewa na daji.

A iri-iri ne quite sanyi resistant. Tushen yana karami, saboda haka ana girma verbena a baranda a cikin tukwanen rataye.

Yanayin tsarewa don bude kasa

Hasken wuta

Verbena itace fure mai fa'ida wacce take girma sosai a filayen rana na gadajen furanni da lambunan gaba. Hasken rana kai tsaye ba abin tsoro bane ga fure mai haske. Babban yanayin don ci gaban finely yanke verbena ne da-lit dasa shafukan.

Iska da zafin jiki

A cikin latitude na kudu, verbena yana da kyau, amma a tsakiyar latitude, a cikin yanayi mai sanyi da sanyi, ana shuka vervain kowace shekara a matsayin shekara-shekara, wannan nau'ikan baya jure manyan sanyi.

Ƙasa

Forasa don verbena dole ne ta zama haske, sako-sako da, da kyau ya malale kuma yana numfasawa.

Abinda ake hadawa da lambatu:

• Farkon bulo.
• Kusassun dutse.
• Fadada yumbu.
• Dutsen niƙa.

Layer magudanar ruwa yana hana tushen tsarin rubewa - ruwa baya tsayawa yayin ba da ruwa.

Tushen tushe ya zama loam mai amfani. Zaka iya haɗuwa da gonar lambu ta yau da kullun tare da yashi. Wajibi ne a fitar da ciyawar furannin samari a kan kari. Bayan daji ya girma ya zama kafet mai kauri, buƙatar saƙa ya ƙare.

Sau da yawa bai kamata a kwance ƙasa ba. Ya isa ya faranta saman ƙasa na ƙasa bayan wadataccen ruwan sha. Don sassautawa, danshi da haske na kayan kirin, gogaggen lambu suna amfani da mulching na kusa da akwati kasar da'irori.

Mahimmanci! A abun da ke ciki na ciyawa ne rotted ganye.

Shayarwa

Verbena yana da matukar tsarguwa; yayin lokacin ci gaban aiki, shayarwa ya zama mai yawa kuma na yau da kullun. A ƙarshen lokacin rani - a farkon kaka, ana rage ruwan sha, ana kiyaye ƙwaya mai danshi.

Kada a bar sitirat ta bushe. A lokacin zafi mai yawa, bayan shayarwa, ya zama dole a sassauta kayan aikin domin moisturize asalinsu sosai.

Top miya

Verbena ba ta da damuwa a cikin zaɓin sutura. Fure ya kamata a hadu da shi sau 4 yayin tsawon lokacin girma da furanni. takaddun takin zamani na musamman. Ana amfani da takin gargajiya don yin girma kore taro sau 1. Ana iya amfani da rubabben taki ko takin gargajiya.

Kada ku cika girman nauyin tare da takin gargajiya - yawan ƙwayoyin nitrogen ya hana samuwar buds da furanni gaba ɗaya.

Dasawa da saukowa

An dasa shuki ko dasa shuki daga gidan haya, galibi a karshen watan Mayu. tare da farkon kwanciyar hankali zafi. Tsarin dasa shuki mai sauki ne:

1. Tonawa wurin sauka.
2. Don hadi, ana amfani da humus - 4 - 5 kg ta 1 sq. m da 2 - 3 st. l. kowane hadadden takin zamani.
3. Tona rami mara zurfi daidai da girman dunƙulen ƙasa na tsire-tsire.
4. Ana haƙa ramuka a nesa na 20 - 30 cm - don ƙananan iri, 40 - 50 cm don manyan-flowered nau'in.
5. Rijiyoyi suna moisturize da kyau.
6. Sanya daji a tsaye, yayyafa shi da substrate.
7. Lightasa tana ɗauke da sauƙi don amintar da tsire-tsire. Yana buƙatar shayarwa ta yau da kullun don saurin rooting.

Karanta game da hanyar dasa shuki da kulawa na ƙarshe don vervain a cikin wannan labarin.

Sake haifuwa

Verbena yana hayayyafa ta hanyoyi biyu.

Tsaba

Sake haifuwa ta hanyar shuka iri - ana aiwatar da shuki a farkon bazara:

1. An riga an tsaba iri na awoyi 24 cikin ruwa.
2. Ana sanya matattarar keɓaɓɓiyar matattara a cikin ƙaramin greenhouse.
3. Don magance cututtukan ƙasa, ana bi da shi tare da maganin fungicide.
4. Bai kamata a binne irin ba; an yayyafa shi kawai da cakuda ƙasa.
5. Asa ƙasar tare da kwalba mai fesawa.
6. Rufe akwatin tare da fim mai haske, sanya greenhouse 2 - 3 r kowace rana.
7. Harbe-harben farko sun bayyana a cikin mako guda.
8. A ƙarshen Mayu, ana iya dasa matasa a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai ɗumi.
9. Kuna iya shuka shuki a cikin kwalaye.
10. Nisa tsakanin tsirrai ya zama 20 - 30 cm.

Magana! Zafin zuriya a cikin greenhouse shine 22 - 24 ° С. An yi girma a cikin zafin jiki mai sanyi na 14 - 17 ° C. Rashin ruwa daga ƙasa yana haifar da mutuwar albarkatu.

Yankan

Ana girbe kayan shuka a cikin kaka. Tona ciyawar filawa tare da dunƙulen ƙasa, canja wuri zuwa daki mai sanyi - sito, ginshiki, ana iya adana shi a baranda. Temperaturewarfin zafin jiki mafi kyau shine 8 - 10 ° С.

Ana aiwatar da aikin yawanci a watan Afrilu:

1. Areananan saman furannin harbe suna yanke.
2. Kowane seedling ya kamata da 5 - 6 nau'i-nau'i na ganye.
3. Ana sarrafa tsirrai tare da gawayi.
4. Leavesananan ganye suna yanke.
5. Ana sanya cuttings a cikin yashi - ƙasa mai peat don tushen ta nesa na 1 - 2 cm.
6. Daga sama, an rufe yankan tare da gilashin gilashi ko fim.
7. Rooting yana faruwa da sauri - bayan sati 3 zuwa 4.
8. An dasa shukar a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a cikin lambun.

Cututtuka da matsalolin girma

Tare da kulawa mai kyau, verbena kusan ba ta da lafiya.

1. A lokacin rani, tare da yawan shayarwa, ana iya shafar daji faten fure - farar fata da tambari a jikin ganyen. Wannan naman gwari ne - kamuwa da cuta daga ƙasa zuwa sama, a hankali ya rufe dukan daji. Ganyen ya fara bushewa.

   Spraying da tafarnuwa tincture zai taimaka: 25 - 30 g da lita na ruwa. Zaka iya amfani da jiko na mustard: cokali 2 da lita 10 na ruwan dumi.

   Yankunan da abin ya shafa suna bukatar yankewa cikin gaggawa don kada naman gwari ya yadu.

2. Itesan gizo-gizo Shin sune mafi yawan kwari na verbena. Farin dige sun bayyana a jikin ganyayyakin, sannan gidan yanar gizo mai makalewa ya mamaye bishiyar da ganyen.

   Ya kamata a kula da bushes tare da maganin duk wani maganin acaricides; masu shuka suna ba da shawara ta amfani da fitoverm - magani mafi cutarwa da amfani. Ana aiwatar da aiki sau 3 - 4 tare da tazarar kwanaki 7 - 10. Florists amfani da dandelion tincture - 25 - 30 g da lita 1 na ruwa. Hakanan ana aiwatar da aikin akai-akai.

3. Daban-daban aphids ci furan verbena sosai da sauri. Naman gwari ya bayyana. Kuna buƙatar amfani da tincture na taba tare da sabulu. Don furanni na cikin gida, zaku iya amfani da maganin fufafon: 1 - 2 ml a kowace lita 1 na ruwa.
4. Tsawon lokaci - ƙananan kwari na lambu na iya daidaitawa a waje da cikin ganyayyaki. Furen yana farawa.
5. Scabbard da mealy tsutsa yana shafar axils leaf, musamman a lokacin zafi. Fesawa tare da fosalon ko karbofos zai taimaka. Ana sake gudanar da aiki bayan kwana 7 zuwa 10. Don rigakafin, ana maimaita magani sau 2 - 3.
6. Ruwan toka - kamuwa da ganye da tushe. Yana da mahimmanci nan da nan a cire ganye da furanni masu cutar. Wajibi ne don magance bushes tare da maganin Ordan ko wasu shirye-shiryen sunadarai.
7. Idan kasar ta cika da ruwa, zai iya shafar amfanin gona matasa baki kafa - naman gwari da ke lalata shuka tun kafin ganyen farko ya bayyana. Kwarjin ya zama an rufe shi da ƙuntataccen baƙi, sa'annan ya ruɓe ya faɗi.

Mahimmanci! Kiyaye duk yanayin shuka - zazzabi, haske mai kyau, ƙarancin zafi da ƙarancin disinfection na substrate tare da kayan gwari.

Don aminci, lambu sun ba da shawarar dasa shuki a cikin kofunan peat bakararre, pre-impregnated with disarming agents don kare kan cututtukan fungal. Don girma gadon furan furannin furanni na verbena da ke yankakke na buƙatar ƙoƙari da kulawa - shayarwa ta kan lokaci, saman miya, daidai dasa furanni, matakan rigakafi don hana cututtuka da kwari na lambu.

Kalli bidiyon: AFRICA TV 3: RAYUWA A GIDAN MUSULMI - 05 HAUSA Sh. Ishak Yunus Muhammad (Yuni 2024).