Rhododendron yana da yawa: Ramapo, Blue Tit da sauran nau'ikan. Bayani, siffofin kulawa
Hakanan ana kiran wannan ma'anar rhododendron mai rikitarwa. Ya kasance yana da rassa sosai wanda ya samar da kambi mai tsananin gaske yayin fure - wannan shine keɓantarta da asalinta.
A cikin labarin, zamuyi magana game da nau'ikan nau'ikan dhodfendron masu yawa - Azurika, Ramapo, Blue Tit da sauransu, kuma mu nuna hotunansu.
Waɗannan sune shuke-shuken bishiyu masu tsayi tare da babban kambi cike da furanni.
Bayani a takaice
Rhododendron mai yawa yana daga nau'in rhododendrons na dangin heather. Mafi sau da yawa ana amfani dashi azaman itacen lambu na ado. Ya banbanta cikin juriya na sanyi na musamman, saboda haka ana buƙata tsakanin masu noman fure. Nau'o'in gargajiya suna girma a arewa maso yammacin China.
Cikakken bayanin
Rhododendron yana da yawa kuma ƙananan nau'ikan raƙuman raƙuman sun kasance shukokin bishiyoyi. Tsayin daji a cikin balaga ya kai 110 - 120 cm, a diamita daji yana girma da 50 - 70 cm. Kambin yana da girma sosai, "cushe" da furanni, matashi mai kama.
Harbe-harbe suna da haɗuwa sosai, suna da ƙarfi, suna tsaye, suna girma. Haushi launin ruwan kasa ne, m. Stananan matashi na sirara ne, masu rauni, an rufe su da ƙananan ma'auni. Fetur din kanta karami ne, har zuwa 3 mm, shima yayi kyau.
Ganyayyaki ƙananan ne, mai tsayi, tsallake ko tsinkaye, girma bai fi 1, 5 - 1, 6 cm tsayi kuma kusan 1 cm a faɗi. Launin ganyayyakin yana da alaƙa da juna - haske ko duhu a saman, mai ɗanɗano-hayaki, kuma daga ciki suna da inuwa mai launin toka-kore. Haka kuma ganyen an rufe shi da sikeli.
Inflorescences ba su da yawa - har zuwa furanni 4. Tushen ba shi da zurfi, mai rauni ne; sassauta ƙasa ba shi da kyau. Furannin ƙananan ne, suna girma har zuwa 3 cm, ba ƙari, siffa mai siffar mazurari. Akwai lilac, violet-blue, lavender, akwai fararen sub-iri. Rhododendron mai yawa yana da 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda suka girbe a cikin kawunansu a kaka.
Tarihin asali
An gano Rhododendron dense a Turai a farkon ƙarni na 20. An gabatar da fure mai zafi a cikin namo a cikin 1916. Wuri na asali shine gangaren buɗewa na Sichuan. China, suma suna girma cikin makiyaya mai tsayi.
Masu kiwo na zamani sun ɓullo da adadi mai yawa na nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da matukar wahala da rashin daɗi a girma da kulawa.
Yaya ake amfani da shi?
An yi amfani da dhod rendodendron mai yawa azaman itacen ado na ado don yin ado da gadaje na filawa, wuraren shakatawa, rariya.
Menene bambanci daga sauran nau'ikan?
Mai yawa rhododendron yana da kyakkyawan juriya mai sanyi, yawancin matasan ba sa buƙatar ƙarin murfin hunturu, musamman a yankunan dusar ƙanƙara. Kambi na wannan iri-iri ne na musamman - mai matashin kai, mai girma, mai yawa. Bambancin mafi mahimmanci daga wasu nau'ikan shine cewa mai tushe da ganye an rufe su da ƙananan ma'auni.
Bayanin iri da hotunansu
Amethyst
-Ananan bishiyun shrub mai tsayi 40-50 cm tsayi Blooms a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni. Furannin suna shunayya mai laushi, haske, ba babba ba, har zuwa 3 cm a diamita. An kirkiro inflorescences daga furanni 3 zuwa 5. Ganye a ciki kore ne mai launin toka. Matsakaicin yanayin sanyi, jure har zuwa - 24 ° C a cikin hunturu.
Grishtede
Evergreen wanda ba shi da girma, yana girma 80 - 90cm a tsayi. Kambin yana da danshi, karami ne, yana da faɗi har zuwa mita 1. Yana yin furanni a farkon bazara. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, zai iya sake furewa a kaka. Furannin suna ƙananan, har zuwa 3 cm, duhu mai duhu tare da shuɗin shuɗi. Ganyayyaki suna da tsayi, oval, mai sheki, koren duhu. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa sanyi, amma mulching da tsari na hunturu ake bukata.
Ramapo
Sunan Latin don wannan nau'in azalea shine Rhododendron impeditum ramapo. Nau'in matasan daga Amurka, wanda aka haifa a cikin 1940. Rana Dwarf evergreen shrub, tsawo - 60 cm, babban diamita kambi - har zuwa mita 2. Kambi mai lebur ne. Blooms a farkon Mayu, furanni yana ɗaukar makonni 2 - 3. Furannin ƙananan ne, masu kalar purple a launi, an tattara su rukuni-rukuni 3 - 5. A diamita na fure ne karami, har zuwa 2.5 cm.
Ganye suna da lanceolate, karami, har zuwa 3 cm tsawo kuma 1 - 1, 5 cm fadi. Tsarin ganye suna da fata, suna sheki. Young ganye ne launin toka-kore, daga baya saya a bluish tint. Wannan damuna iri-iri da kyau a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara ba tare da tsari ba, amma mulching tilas ne.
Kalli bidiyo game da yadda mai girma rhododendron ke fure:
Shuɗin Azurfa
Ana kiran iri-iri da Shuɗin Azurfa. Reean shure shree, rassan rassan juna, yayi girma zuwa 90-100cm a tsayi. Yana girma a hankali. Furannin suna kama da tauraruwa, a farkon furanni launin ruwan hoda ne, sa'annan petals yayi duhu, ya zama amethyst. Furannin ƙananan ne - har zuwa cm 2 - 3. stamens suna girma cikin tarin. Matsakaicin yanayin sanyi, har zuwa - 23 ºС a cikin hunturu.
Blue Tit
Pilaƙƙarƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙƙl ga ga ruo danshi zuwa bushiya kamar 80 zuwa 110 cm.Blooms a watan Mayu; tare da kulawa mai kyau, ana iya samun furanni na biyu a farkon watan Satumba. Mai tushe gajere ne, an rufe shi da ma'aunin baƙi.
Ganyayyakin ƙananan ne, har zuwa 2 cm tsawo, 1 cm m, oblong, scaly a garesu. Furannin suna ƙananan, shunayya mai launin shuɗi, 2 cm a faɗi. An bambanta su ta hanyar furannin furanni, yana jure yanayin hunturu da kyau ba tare da tsari ba.
Azurika
Bushananan daji mai tsayi, tsayinsa kawai 50cm ne. Furen farko yana faruwa a watan Mayu, na biyu a watan Agusta. Babban kambi mai girma ya kai faɗi 1 m. Leavesananan ganye masu toka sun yi girma har zuwa 1.5 - 2 cm a tsayi. Furannin suna da duhu, shunayya mai launin shuɗi. Azurin hunturu na Azuriki yana da girma sosai; Ana buƙatar mulching ƙasa.
Billy sabon abu
Lowananan daji mara ƙyalƙyali yana da siffar yanki tare da diamita har zuwa cm 50. Furewa tana faruwa a watan Mayu, mai yawa. Yana furanni tare da ƙananan furanni, har zuwa 1 cm a tsayi, fararen kodadde. Ganyayyaki ƙananan ne, mai yawa, mai haske, launin toka-kore a launi. Matsakaicin yanayin sanyi, busassun masauki da ake buƙata don hunturu.
Bloom
Yaushe kuma yaya hakan ke faruwa?
Furewa mai karimci ne, mai yalwa, yana faruwa a watan Mayu ko farkon farkon Yuni. Kambin yana da matukar girma yayin fure cewa ganye kusan basa ganuwa. Yawancin matasan da yawa, tare da kulawa mai kyau, na iya sake fure a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon Satumba.
Abubuwan kulawa
Za a iya dasa dhod rendodendron mai yawa kafin da bayan furannin. A lokacin samuwar toho, yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya ragu zuwa 10 - 8 ° C. Bayan furanni, sababbi, manyan elongated harbe ana yanke don yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings. Bayan fure, dole ne a cire tsofaffin inflorescences kai tsaye.
Idan bai fure ba fa?
- Ana amfani da takin Superphosphate don tsawanta furanni da samuwar sabbin inflorescences.
- Ko kuma maƙalar ta rasa ma'adinai; zaka iya ciyar dashi da takin mai magani.
- Wajibi ne a bincika daji don cutar parasites - suna dakatar da ci gaba da furanni na manyan rhododendrons.
- Furannin na iya rasa danshi.
Yi amfani dashi a ƙirar shimfidar wuri
An dasa iri iri iri na rhododendron a gefen hanyoyin. Ko da bayan fure ya wuce, filayen gonar suna ficewa a cikin shuke shuke mai haske na ciyayin. Dubi dacewa a cikin abubuwan da aka tsara tare da bishiyun bishiyoyi da kwando.
Sau da yawa ana shuka dogayen daji tare da bangon gidajen rani da gidajen ƙasa. Masu zane-zane galibi suna amfani da exotics wajen gina nunin faifai masu tsayi. Yayi kyau a cikin "kamfanin" na duwatsun daji da duwatsu.
Umarnin kulawa da mataki-mataki
Zabar wuri don shuka
Mai yawa rhododendron yana tsoron rana kai tsaye, haske mai yaduwa, inuwa mai jujjuya ya fi dacewa da ita. Wuraren wannan nau'in ya kamata su yi shuru, kariya daga iska da rana mai haske. Balconies da loggias sunfi inuwa kyau a lokacin rani. A cikin lambun, yawanci ana shuka bishiyoyi a ƙarƙashin rufin allura. Don lokacin bazara, tukwane da kwalaye ana kai su cikin lambun, ana iya haƙa su tare da tukwane.
Menene ya kamata kasar gona?
Tushen ya zama sabo, sako-sako da, tsami, danshi, amma ba mai laushi ba.
Acidify kasar gona akai-akai ta hanyar shayarwa.
Don dasa shuki, yana da kyau a sayi kayan hadin kasa na musamman don shuke-shuke. Abun da ke cikin substrate don mai girma rhododendron:
- Gwanin dawakai -2h.
- Ifeasa mai ɗaci ko ganye - 2h.
- Sand - awa 1
- Perlite don riƙe danshi.
Ba shi da karɓa don ƙara sawdust, sabo ne ganye, baƙar ƙasa, toka a ƙasa.
Saukowa
Shuka abu ne mai sauki, tushen dhod rendodendron mai kama ne karami.
Ana ba da shawarar dasa shuki a cikin Afrilu - farkon Mayu ko Nuwamba.
- An haƙa rami mai dasa zurfin 50 cm, mai faɗi da tsawo.
- An shimfiɗa magudanar ruwa a ƙasa tare da murfin 10 - 15 cm.
- An sanya daji dasa tsaye.
- Koma barci tare da samfurin da aka riga aka shirya tare da abin wuya.
- Ciyawa ƙasar a kusa da daji.
Zazzabi
Rhododendron mai yawa yana son sanyi, yanayin zafin jiki mafi kyau shine 10 - 12 ° C. A lokacin rani, lokacin shading da spraying, zai iya jure zafi har zuwa 30 ° C. A iri-iri ne sanyi-resistant, zai iya jure yanayin zafi kamar yadda low kamar yadda -25 ° C.
Shayarwa
Ruwa don dhod rendodendron mai yawa yana buƙatar yalwa a lokacin rani da matsakaici a lokacin kaka A lokacin hunturu, an sha ruwa rabin rabi.
Mahimmanci: Rhododendron mai yawa, mai damuwa da fari, shawa ko feshi yau da kullun a lokacin rani yana da kyawawa.
Ruwan ya zama asha, a zazzabin ɗaki, bawo ko ruwan sama.
Top miya
Ana amfani da takin gargajiya rubar taki tana narkewa cikin ruwa 1:20, nacewa kwana 2 - 3.
- Hadi tare da microelements - fesa ganyen.
- Hadi mai karfi - Sau daya a sati har zuwa karshen bazara. Hada da watering.
- An ciyar da rhododendron mai yawa tare da potassium da phosphorus, bayani: 8 g a kowace l 10 na ruwa.
Taki a farkon bazara zuwa tsakiyar bazara.
Yankan
Don kula da kyakkyawan kambi, datse tsoffin harbe-harbe da kashi na uku ya zama dole. Pruning an yi makonni 3 bayan ƙarshen flowering.
Canja wurin
Ana yin dashen ne a farkon bazara, rhododendrons masu yawa suna saurin daidaitawa da sabbin yanayi.
Lokacin dasawa, an dasa shukar daji ta gefen gansakuka da allurai, kaurin 10 cm.
Yadda za a shirya don hunturu?
Hardy iri-iri na rhododendron masu yawa basa buƙatar tsari. Amma mulching yana da mahimmanci don hana tushen daga daskarewa.
Zai fi kyau a rufe nau'ikan tare da matsakaicin yanayin sanyi tare da burlap, girdling daji da igiya. Suna cire matsuguni a cikin bazara a ranar hadari.
Yadda ake yadawa?
Rhododendron mai yawa ya hayayyafa musamman ta hanyar yanka:
- A cikin bazara, lokacin kwanciya buds, an yanke cuttings tare da tsawon 7 - 8 cm.
- Ana tsinke cuttings na awanni 24 a cikin wani bayani tare da mai tallata tushen ci gaban.
- Don kafewa, an dasa su a cikin sihiri na musamman da aka shirya don zurfin 1.5 - 2 cm.
- Seedlings dauki tushen sosai a hankali.
Cututtuka da kwari
Mizanin gizo-gizo - mafi yawan kwaro na dhod rendodendron mai yawa, maganin sabulu zai taimaka wajen kawar da shi.
- Suna kai hari kan fure da katantanwa na lambu da slugs. Kuna buƙatar tattara su ta hannu ku halakar da su.
- Daga mealybug, rhododendra bug, weevil spraying tare da kowane kwari - actar ko phytoverm yana taimakawa. Ya kamata a maimaita aikin hana yaduwa sau 3-4 kowane kwana 8-10.
Rigakafin
- Matsaloli na iya tashi daga dampness na ƙasa, takin da ake amfani da shi ba daidai ba ko fungi.
- Saboda rana ko bushewa daga cikin substrate, ganye na iya zama launin ruwan kasa - kuna buƙatar ƙara ruwa.
- Don kawar da tsatsa, chlorosis, launin toka da sauran fungi, ana buƙatar magani - shayarwa da feshi tare da kayan gwari.
Rhododendron yana da wasu nau'ikan iri ɗaya masu ban sha'awa, misali, The Hague, Schlippenbach, Nova Zembla, Golden, Polarnacht, Adams, Ledebour, Azurro, Fantastic, Francesca.
M rhododendron zai yi fure da kyau, yana yin ado da gadaje na filawa da makircin mutum kawai tare da kulawa mai kyau, isasshen ruwa da danshi mai kyau.