A cikin harshe mai sauƙi game da yadda ake yayata furen Decembrist a gida
Schlumberger shine furen epiphytic. A cikin mahaifarta a gabashin Brazil, tana girma ne a jikin bishiyoyi. Ya fi son yankuna masu danshi. Ana kiran furen zygocactus, sanannen - Mai ba da labari, Rozhdestvennik.
Nau'in halitta suna da nau'ikan matasan da yawa waɗanda suke fure ba kawai tare da furanni jajaye na gargajiya ba, amma suna da launuka daban-daban na ruwan hoda, fari, lemu. Zygocactus ba shi da ma'ana cikin kulawa, sauƙin sauƙaƙe, ya yi fure da karimci. A cikin labarin za mu gaya muku game da haifuwa da wannan kakkarfan kwalejin: yadda ake yin sa ta tsaba da yanka, yadda za a yi harbi, da kuma nuna hotuna da yawa.
Hanyoyin kiwo na Schlumberger, fa'idodi da cutarwa
Yankan
Yaduwa ta hanyar yankan itace ko ganye itace hanya mafi sauki kuma mafi dacewa ta girman wannan fure a gida. Nan da nan bayan fure, a cikin Fabrairu - Maris, ana buƙatar pruning don samar da sabbin rassa da kuma yawan daji kanta. Trimmed fips - sassan - m "kayan" don grafting.
Mahimmanci: Za'a iya kafe cutan a cikin bazara ko kaka - mafi kyawon zamani don yaɗuwa da rooting.
Wannan hanyar tana ba da kusan sakamako 100%, cikin ikon duk mai son furanni masu ban sha'awa.
Lokacin daskarar da harbe a cikin gilashin ruwa, kar a nuna yankan. Zai iya ruɓewa Da zaran sabon harbe ya bayyana, dole ne a dasa yankan a cikin wata ƙaramar tukunya da ƙasa ta musamman. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da kwantena na yumbu - yumbu yana hana tushen daga toshe ruwa kuma yana daidaita canjin zafi.
Yadda ake dasa mai ruɗani tare da harbi kuma a wasu hanyoyi, karanta a nan.
Tsaba
Sake haifuwa da bishiyar Kirsimeti ta tsaba a gida kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Kawai nau'ikan yanayi a cikin yanayin yanayi suna iya haifuwa ta wannan hanyar. Kirkirar iri na bukatar kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya ta kwari. Bugu da ari, wani ƙwai ya bayyana a kan furannin da aka baje, wanda a hankali yake yin kauri, ya tsawaita, 'ya'yan itacen suna girma zuwa 1.5 - 2 cm.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun nuna a cikin makonni 3 - 4, kiyaye na dogon lokaci. 'Ya'yan suna orange ko ruwan hoda a launi, ana samun su a ɓangaren litattafan almara na' ya'yan itatuwa - 'ya'yan itace. Tsuntsaye suna mannawa kan 'ya'yan itacen da ake ci kuma a zahiri suna yada iri.
Gyara
Grafting na Schlumberger mai yiwuwa ne kawai a kan daidaitattun siffofin. An sanya shi a jikin cacti - Hilocerius, Selenicerius, da dai sauransu. Wannan aikin yana samuwa ne kawai ga ƙwararrun makiyaya. Yana buƙatar yanayi na musamman don ƙetarewa da kiyaye haɗin, ana buƙatar ilimi da ƙwarewa wajen aiwatar da aikin.
Mene ne hanya mafi kyau don zaɓar?
Hanyar da ta fi amintacce kuma mai araha ta haifuwa ita ce hanyar tushen babba - cuttings. Yankan yankan yakan tsiro da sauri kuma yayi saiwa. Ba sa buƙatar ƙarin kulawa da horo. Tsarin dasawa yana da sauki kuma mai sauki ne don aiwatarwa koda ga masu shuka marasa kwarewa.
Cikakkun bayanai kan yadda ake kiwo zygocactus
Yankan
Kafin rutsawa, ya zama dole a shirya yankan a cikin hanyar ganye, haɗa abubuwan da ke ƙasa, zaɓi tukunyar diamita da ake buƙata da inganci.
A farkon bazara ko lokacin rani, yanka tare da rassa 2 - 3 - bangarorin ya kamata a kwance ko kuma a kashe su. Ana iya rarrabe ƙwanƙwasa cikin sauƙi: yakamata a riƙe ƙananan tsari tare da yatsunsu, kuma yakamata a jujjuya na sama a agogo.
Abun da ke ciki na gawaryar tukwane don yankewa:
- Afasa mai launi - 1 tsp
- Sod ƙasar - awa 1
- Sand - 1 tsp
- Gawayi - 1 tsp
- Babban malalewa - pebbles, haushi, yumɓu mai yalwa.
Magana. Mai yaudarar ya samo tushe ne kawai a cikin ƙasa mai iska, mai numfashi, mara ƙasa. Kuna iya siyan samfurin da aka shirya don haɓakar cacti da succulents.
Rooting makirci don yankewa:
Bayan rabuwa, an bushe cuts ɗin a cikin inuwa na tsawan kwana 1 - 2.
- Ana zuba babban Layer na magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tukunyar - kimanin rubu'in tsayin dukan akwatin shuka.
- An zubo wani matattarar na musamman.
- Soilasa don dasawa ta isa sosai.
- Ana sarrafa cutan a tushe tare da tushe ko zircon don ingantaccen tushe.
- Ana zurfafa cuttings ta 1 - 2 cm.
- Don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse, an rufe cuttings da fim mai haske.
- A greenhouse ne ventilated kullum na 15 - 20 minti.
- Zai fi kyau a goge kayan daga fim din don kada salin ya zama mai ruwa - yankan yana da saurin lalacewa.
- Yanayin zafin jiki na sprouts 20 - 22 ° С. Ana ajiye greenhouse a cikin inuwa na ɓangare; ba za a ƙara cuttings ba.
- Gyarawar yana faruwa tsakanin makonni 3 zuwa 4.
- Ana dasa shukokin cikin kananan tukwane tare da sabo sabo.
- Dole ne a kiyaye dunkulen ƙasa na tohon - an hana lalata tushen tsarin.
Shawarwarin. Yawancin masu shukawa suna ba da shawarar kada a binne cuttings a cikin ƙasa don kauce wa ruɓewa. Ya kamata a ɗora su a kan tallafi - ashana a tsaye ko sanya su tare da akwatin shuka, jingina da bangon tukunyar.
Kuna iya tushen cuttings a cikin allunan peat na musamman:
- A hanya faruwa a watan Maris.
- An riga an shayar da kwamfutar hannu cikin ruwa.
- An haɗa scion ɗin a kan kwamfutar hannu tare da ƙushin hakori, ba zurfi sosai ba.
- Sabbin ganye sun bayyana a watan Afrilu.
- Bayan rooting, an cire saman harsashi daga peat tablet.
- An dasa itacen, tare da ƙwarjin peat, a cikin ƙaramin tukunya tare da matattara na musamman.
- Yarinyar fure tana furewa a watan Janairu.
Tsaba
A cikin yanayin gida, ba a tara zuriyar mai ba da kan su da kansu ba, ana iya sayan su ne a cikin shaguna na musamman.
Lokaci ya fara shuki daga watanni 1 zuwa 3.
A abun da ke ciki na substrate for shuka tsaba:
Takin ganye - 1 tsp
- Rashin yashi - 1 tsp
- Gwanin dawakai - 1 tsp
- Launin lambatu - haushi, vermiculite, kwakwalwan bulo.
Yadda ake yada shuka daga zuriya:
- An shimfiɗa rufin magudanan ruwa a cikin kwantena masu sauka.
- An zubo wani siket ɗin da aka shirya na musamman.
- Soilasar tana da kyau moistened, bi da tare da disinfectants - kwari.
- An rarraba tsaba a ko'ina kan farfajiyar, a dan matse shi ƙasa.
- An rufe Shuka da tsare ko gilashi.
- Ana buƙatar iska ta yau da kullun na greenhouse.
- Ana shayar da matattarar a kai a kai ta hanyar fesa amfanin gona, zaka iya ƙara ruwa a kwanon rufi.
- Yanayin zafin jiki na dasa shuki aƙalla 20 - 22 ° С.
- Lokacin da tsirrai suka kai 2 - 3 cm, ana dasa su a kananan tukwane.
- Lokacin dasawa, ana amfani da hanyar kwanciyar hankali - yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye dunkulen ƙasa domin ci gaba da dasa shuke-shuke.
Ba shi da karɓa don overdry da overmoisten da substrate, shuka na iya shafar cututtukan cututtuka ko na fungal.
Gyara
Tsarin Schlumberger na yau da kullun ana iya ɗaukarsa ainihin ƙwararrun masaniyar kayan cikin gida. Ana samun irin waɗannan bishiyun ta hanyar ɗora wasu nau'ikan cacti akan sanduna masu sassauƙa. Mafi sau da yawa, murƙusassun Peireschia ya dace da wannan aikin.
Grafting ne yake aikata bayan flowering, a cikin Fabrairu - Maris.
Tsarin rigakafin yana buƙatar jerin ayyuka:
- An yanke saman murtsattsen Peyreschia da wuƙa mai kaifi.
- Ana bi da sassan tare da tushen asalinsu.
- Ana yin raɗaɗɗu a kan yankewar da aka yanke.
- Areananan sassan Schlumberger an saka su a cikin ɓangarorin.
- Ana yin allurar rigakafi da zare ko kuma banbanci bandeji.
- Bayan yankan sun girma tare, sai a cire zaren.
Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye sharuɗɗan kiyaye rigakafin Demmbrist:
- Matsakaici amma ruwa na yau da kullun, bai kamata a bar salin ya bushe ba.
- Yaɗuwa, haske mai haske ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba, yanayin zafin jiki - har zuwa 18 - 20 ° C.
- Substrate don succulents tare da ƙari na murƙushe gawayi, vermiculite - ƙasa ya kamata ya zama permeable, haske, dan kadan acidic (game da abin da ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ƙasa don Decembrist da yadda za a shirya shi da kanka, za ku iya gano a nan).
Mahimmanci! Kayan aiki, ana kula da tukwane tare da maganin kashe chlorine ba tare da chlorine ba.
Hoto
Da ke ƙasa a hoton za ku iya ganin zuriyar Mai ba da labarin:
Kuma waɗannan yankan tsire-tsire ne:
Matsaloli masu yuwuwa da mafita
- Bayan dasawa, ganyen na iya zama ja. Dalilin shi ne cewa furen ya daskarewa. Matsar da tukunyar zuwa wuri mai dumi.
- Idan ganyayyaki sun rasa sabo, sun zama masu rauni da rai, furen baya karbar danshi daidai. Idan kasar ta bushe, akwai bukatar a jika shi, ana iya fesa daji da ruwan dumi.
- Idan substrate yayi damshi, nauyi, ana bukatar dasawa. Tushen na iya ruɓewa. Gandun daji yana buƙatar yankan tsabtace jiki, sauyawa daga cikin mayin (zaka iya nemo yadda zaka datse mban tawayen a gida anan).
- Mai ba da izinin zai iya sauke ƙwayoyin idan an sake fasalin tukunyar. Lokacin daɗa sabon buds, bai kamata a juya furen ba, ba za a yarda da abubuwan lalata a wannan lokacin ba.
Lura! Saukad da zafin jiki da daftari ba za a iya jurewa ba, ƙila fulawar ba za ta yi fure ba.
- Wajibi ne a kiyaye yanayin hutawa - sake shirya tukwane zuwa wuri mai sanyaya, bai fi 15 ° C. Ya kamata a rage sauran ruwa. Wajibi ne a sha ruwa a ƙananan allurai sau 1 - 2 a sati.
- Mai watsa labaran zai iya ɓata idan aka zuba shi da ruwan famfo mai ƙwari. Ana aiwatar da ruwa ne kawai tare da asid, tsarkakakke, tsayayyen ruwa.
- Bai kamata ku sanya furen a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba, musamman idan tukunyar roba ce - tushen suna da zafi sosai.
- Wajibi ne a kiyaye matsakaitan allurai na sutura. Tushen furen ba zai iya shan yawancin takin mai ma'adinai ba, yawan abin da ya wuce haddi na gina jiki zai iya "cutar da" tushen tsarin, furen zai mutu.
- Mai ba da shawara yana da tsayayyar cuta da kwari na lambu. Amma idan akwai batun takewar tsarin mulki na zafin jiki, rashin ruwa mai kyau, furen zai iya shafar naman gwari. Sakamakonsa - Ganyen Fusarium, ganye ya zama kodadde ya mutu. Jiyya na ƙasa da daji tare da kayan gwari - "Skor", "Vitaros" da sauransu zasu taimaka a nan.
- Idan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta sun shafi tushen, saiwar abin ya zama mai laushi, mai santsi, sai kuma tushen kansa ya ruɓe. Ana buƙatar dasawa cikin gaggawa. Anyi amfani da matakai don yin rooting tare da raunin maganin manganese. Zaka iya amfani da wakilan antibacterial don magani - maganin 2 Trichopolum Allunan a kowace 250 ml na ruwa.
Yadda ake bunkasa dattako mai ban mamaki a gida, karanta kayan mu.
'Yan yaudara ana daukar su shekaru dari; a cikin lambun tsirrai zasu iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 100. A gida, tare da kulawar fure da kyau, shayarwa da hankali, dasawa akan lokaci da kuma sabunta daji, suna da kyau sosai kuma suna ci gaba har tsawon shekaru 20.
Daga bidiyon zaku koyi yadda ake yaudarar Maƙaryata: