Kayan ado murtsatse mai pear pear. Bayani da siffofin kulawa, hoto na shuka

Pear mai kwalliya mai kwalliya tana da kyan gani tare da wasu kayan karau da na succulents. Anyi la'akari da fure mai tauri da fari. Babban banbanci guda biyu tsakanin wannan nau'ikan sune launin fari-fari na glochidia da ƙaramin girman sassan (santimita 3-5 a tsayi, santimita 2-4 a faɗi), sabili da haka, ƙaramin ƙaramin itacen pear na kwalliya. A cikin labarin, zamu yi zurfin duba yadda za'a banbanta da sauran nau'ikan pears na kwalliya, yadda za'a kula da shuka a gida, tare da koyo game da hanyoyin kiwo kuma a gani muyi la'akari da hoton pear mai gashi mai gashi mai kyau.

Bayanin tsire-tsire da yanayin ƙasa

Pear Prickly, Sunan kimiyya Opuntia microdasis (Opuntia microdasys) na dangin kakakus ne... Hakanan ana kiran Succulent mai kyau da allura mai tsini saboda ƙwarewar abin da ke rufe lobes - sassan. Jinsin yana da yawa, akwai fiye da nau'ikan 150.

Mahimmanci! Wannan nau'ikan yana girma sosai a cikin yanayin gida.

Homelandasar ci gaba ita ce Mexico, Amurka, tsibirin Galapagos. Jinsin sun yadu a kudancin Rasha. Shuke-shuke masu yalwa suna girma cikin yanayi a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi, hamada, kwari. An gano shuka a karni na 19 ta hanyar I. Lehmann. Wannan nau'ikan yana da matsakaiciyar sikitsi. Yana girma tare da daji. Jigon yana da rassa sosai, yana girma har zuwa 50 cm a tsayi. A kan tushe a cikin axils, buds suna da yawa - areoles. Whitish areoles suna da kananan glochidia, launin rawaya a launi.

Tsarin aiki - sassan an zagaye, oblong. Girman matakan yana matsakaici - har zuwa 5 - 7 cm a tsayi, koren duhu a launi. Furannin rawaya ne masu launin zinariya. Stamens ƙananan ne, filiform. Flowering yana faruwa a lokacin rani. 'Ya'yan itacen suna cikin siffar jan Berry (ƙarin koyo game da' ya'yan cacti a cikin wannan kayan).

Munyi magana game da bambance-bambance tsakanin pear mai kwalliya da agave anan.

Hoto

Za ku ga hoto na shuka:

Yanayi na kulawa da kulawa don haɓakar gida

Hasken wuta

A yayin ci gaban aiki, wannan nau'ikan murtsunguwar yana son haske mai haske, amma ya kamata a guji kai tsaye ga rana. A lokacin zafi na bazara, ana buƙatar inuwa mai haske na windows. A lokacin hunturu, furen kuma yana cin haske da yawa. Ana buƙatar ƙarin haske don awanni 2 - 3 a rana.

Shayarwa

Shayar da tsire-tsire ba kaɗan ba, kamar kowane mai maye. Kamar yadda kara ke tsiro, allurai suna ƙaruwa. A lokacin bazara da bazara, ya kamata a sha ruwa sau ɗaya a mako. A cikin kaka, an shayar da ruwa sau 1 a kwana 10 - 14. A cikin hunturu, ba da ruwa. A iri-iri ba ya bukatar ƙarin spraying.

Hankali! Ana amfani da ruwan dumi dan cire kura daga ganyen. Bayan aikin, ana sake dasa shuki a wuri mai inuwa har sai ya bushe gaba daya.

Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da tsarkakakken ruwa don ban ruwaacidified tare da wasu ƙwayoyin citric acid. An ba da shawarar zuba ruwa a cikin ramin lokacin da za a shayar da shi don kada ya daidaita ƙwayar.

Zazzabi

Zafin jiki na abun ciki a lokacin rani har zuwa 20 - 27 ° C. A lokacin bazara, furewar tayi kyau a dakin da zafin jiki. Yanayin iska mafi kyau a lokacin hunturu shine 6 - 10 ° C.

Firamare

Ya kamata substrate ta kasance mai matsakaiciyar abinci, sako-sako da, acidified, haske. Zaka iya sayan cakuda da aka shirya don cacti. A gida, zaku iya shirya substrate da kanku.

Compositionasa abun da ke ciki:

• Sodasar Sod - awa 1
• Afasa mai burodi - 2 tsp
• Clay -1 tsp
• Sand-1 tsp
• Peat - 1 tsp
• Gawayi - 1 tsp
• Humus - 1 tsp

Wiwi

Don ci gaba mai kyau, yakamata a dasa pears na kwalliya a cikin manyan kwantena. Ana buƙatar ramuka magudanan ruwa a ƙasan.

Mahimmanci! Don kwanciyar hankali na tukunyar, ya kamata a sanya magudanan magudanar ruwa a ƙasa, 5 - 6 cm.

Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da tukwanen yumbu. Yumbu yana riƙe da zafi sosai, yana hana tushen daga hypothermia da zafi fiye da kima.

Yankan

Lokacin dasawa, ana buƙatar pruning:

1. An yanke harbe bushe
2. Sectionsananan sassan da ke da tushe, ganye da cututtuka ke shafawa an yanke su.
3. Tushen an share tsoffin, bushe da rubabben harbe.
4. An yayyafa cuts tare da gawayi.
5. Yakamata a harbe shi sosai da ya keta siffar kambi.
6. Ana amfani da gutsutsuren matasa don grafting.

Jingina, dogayen rassa ya kamata a ɗaura su zama kyakkyawan daji.

Canja wurin

An dasa shukar bayan shekaru 2 - 3. Ana yin dashen ne a cikin bazara. Tsarin yana da sauƙi, ana buƙatar shirya cakuda ƙasa a gaba kuma disinfect dasa akwatin.

Tsarin dasawa:

1. An tono tsire a hankali daga tsohuwar tukunya.
2. Tushen an share tsohuwar ƙasa.
3. Ana aiwatar da datti na dukan daji.
4. Ana kula da tukunyar tare da abubuwan kashe ƙwayoyi kuma an bushe.
5. Finishedarshen ƙwayar ya bushe.
6. A ƙasan tukunyar akwai sassan yumɓu wanda aka faɗaɗa shi, raƙuman yumɓu.
7. An zuba cakuda, ba a matse kifin ba.
8. Furen yana zurfafa tare da tushen abin wuya.
9. An girka tukwane a cikin wuri tare da yaduwar haske.

A cikin mako bayan dasa shuki, ya kamata a kiyaye busassun abun ciki na seedling.

Top miya

A iri-iri ba ya bukatar yau da kullum ciyar. A cikin bazara - lokacin bazara, ana amfani da takin mai magani mai ma'ana ta hanyar shayarwa sau ɗaya a wata.

Ara koyo game da kula da cacti a cikin wannan kayan, game da nau'ikan cacti da fa'idodinsu da haɗarinsu yayin girma a cikin ɗaki, koya a nan.

Kulawar hunturu

A lokacin hunturu, furen na bukatar kulawa ta musamman. Ciyarwa da shayarwa sun tsaya - tsire-tsire ya shiga lokacin hutawa.

Hankali! A lokacin hunturu, kiyaye tsire mai sanyi.

Fasali na dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa

A kudanci da kuma yanayin yanayi mai tsayi, ana iya dasa shukar a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.

Masu sa furanni suna ba da shawarar sanya fure a cikin haske mai kyau, amma rufaffiyar wuri daga zane. Ana buƙatar lambatu

Ya kamata a dasa shi a saman gadon filawa mai matakai daban-daban da nunin faifai don kada ruwa ya taru a cikin ƙasa. Furen yana mutuwa daga yawan yin jika.

Sake haifuwa

Tsaba

Shuka da tsaba ne da za'ayi a tsakiyar Maris. Da farko, yakamata a goge tsaba da sandpaper saboda yawan kwansonsu. Ana tsaba tsaba a cikin raunin manganese mai rauni na tsawon awa 2 - 3.

Compositionunƙarin abun ciki: yashi, carbon mai aiki, ƙasa mai laushi, a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 2. Kafin shuka, ana kirkaran sinadarin a cikin tanda.

Tsarin shuka:

1. Smallananan, manyan kwantena suna cike da magudanan magudanan ruwa da kuma shirya substrate.
2. An rarraba iri a ko'ina a saman ƙasa.
3. An binne tsaba 1 zuwa 2 cm.
4. Shuka ta jika.
5. An rufe kwantena da tsare.
6. Ana buƙatar iska ta yau da kullun na greenhouse.
7. Ana fesa kifin a ruwa yayin da ya bushe.
8. Ana ajiye tsire-tsire a cikin greenhouse tsawon makonni 3 zuwa 4.
9. Sprouts tare da ganye 2 - 3 suna nutsewa cikin ƙananan tukwane don girma.

Young harbe suna girma na shekaru 2. Ana bin wannan ta dasawa cikin tukwane na dindindin.

Yankan

Ana yin cuttings galibi a cikin bazara.

Mahimmanci! Ana amfani da ƙwarƙwara mai ƙoshin lafiya ba tare da furanni don haifuwa ba.

An riga an yayyafa yankakken da gawayi, an bushe su a tsaye na tsawon kwanaki 5 - 8 har sai wani fim mai yawa ya samu a wuraren da aka yanka.

Hanyar girma seedlings:

1. A substrate dan kadan moistened.
2. An saita yankan ɓoye a cikin akwati.
3. An rufe shukar da tsare.
4. An shigar da kwantena a cikin wuri mai haske.
5. Yanayin iska don tushen - aƙalla 20 ° C.
6. Gyarawar yana faruwa da sauri, bayan makonni 2-3.
7. Ana dasa matasa harbe a cikin kwantena daban.

Kuna iya koyo game da haifuwar cacti nan.

Bloom

Kirkin pear mai ƙyalƙyali ya yi fure a tsakiyar bazara. Blooms suna da yawa, har zuwa furanni 10 an kafa akan tsari ɗaya. Furannin kansu rawaya ne masu launin lemun tsami, diamita na fure ya kai 4 - 5 cm. Tsawon furannin ya dogara da yanayin tsarewa, wanda ya fara daga sati 1 zuwa 3. A gida, yana da wuya a cimma fure, shukar tana buƙatar yanayin greenhouse.

Don yi wa budar bishiyar, furen yana buƙatar iska mai tsabta, mai faɗi, tukunya mai ƙarfi, isasshen haske, busassun abun cikin shukar a lokacin hunturu, ciyarwa mai iyaka, mai ci gaba, ba tare da motsawa ba, wurin tukunyar. Ana cire furanni bayan an gama fure sai kawai idan petals sun bushe gaba ɗaya.

Kara karantawa game da furannin cacti nan.

A takaice game da cututtuka da kwari

• Girman girma ya jinkirta daga rashin haske, ganyayyaki suna da tawaya.
• Increasedara yawan zafin jiki na iska yayin dormancy yana dakatar da furanni, mai tushe yana mikewa.
• Daga dampness na kasar gona, zayyana da sanyi, da substrate sours, da ganye bushe, fada a kashe.
• Cututtukan fungal sune mafi haɗari ga wannan furen. Jigon ya zama launin ruwan kasa, an rufe dukkan daji da mold. Dalilin shine babban zafi. An shuka shuka. Ana buƙatar jiyya na lafiyayyun furanni da kayan maye tare da kayan gwari don maganin hana kamuwa da cuta.
• Tsarin dasawa na gaggawa zai taimaka tare da tushen nematodes. Tushen da abin ya shafa an yanke su, an nitsar da tushen a cikin ruwan zafi na mintina 5 - 10. Tushen da tukunyar an haifeshi.
• Kulawa da itacen da ƙasa tare da kowane maganin kwari zai taimaka akan ƙwarin kwari, aphids, gizo-gizo da sauran kwari.

Kuna iya gano game da cututtuka da kwari na cacti a cikin waɗannan kayan.

Makamantan shuke-shuke

1. Opuntia Sheri yana da nau'ikan bangarorin koren kore kamar yadda yake a cikin pear mai kananan gashi. Furen furanni rawaya ne.
2. Fata mai gashi fari mai kwalliya blooms tare da manyan furanni rawaya. An rufe bangarorin tare da bristles da glochidia.
3. Dogon wuya mai wuyan pear. Har ila yau kara ta ƙunshi ƙananan koren lobes waɗanda aka lulluɓe da yawa, gajere, na allurai na bakin ciki.
4. Alba iri-iri - wani nau'in pear mai kyau mai gashi mai gashi, yana tsiro a cikin ƙaramin daji. Gajeren allurai an dasa daskararru akan dukkanin farfan shukar.
5. Sulfur-yellow prickly pear Har ila yau yana da ƙananan lobes waɗanda aka rufe da spines masu kauri (karanta game da yadda ba za a saka wa cactus ƙira ba da abin da za a yi idan wannan ya faru, karanta a nan). Shuka karami ce, har zuwa 40 cm a tsayi.

Duk da cewa pear mai ƙyalƙyali fure ce ta hamada, tana buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Haske mai taushi, ban ruwa mai matsakaici, ciyarwa a hankali sune mahimmancin yanayi don girma da bunƙasa fure.

Kalli bidiyon: Musha Dariya Kalli yadda ado gwanja Yake saka kayan mata (Mayu 2024).