Cactus echinopsis mai ban mamaki - yaya damuwa da yadda mafi kyau a kula da shi a gida da kan titi?
Echinopsis kyakkyawan shuka ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke cikin gidan Cactaceae. Sunan daga tsohuwar yaren Girka an fassara shi azaman bushiya.
Jinsin ya hada da nau'ikan da yawa da nau'ikan matasan. Kactus ya shahara sosai tsakanin masoyan filawar cikin gida. Kuma kula da shi bashi da wahala koda na farkon.
Irin wannan murtsunguwar naƙasasshen ƙwaya ne mai kyau don haɓaka a gida. Abunda bai dace ba don kulawa, da wuya ya kamu da rashin lafiya kuma kwari suka kawo masa hari. Ya ishe shi ya samar da haske mai haske, tsarin zafin jiki da ake buƙata da ciyar da shi a kan lokaci, kuma zai yi farin ciki da kyakkyawan fure.
Me wannan cactus din yake bukata?
Echinopsis mara kyau ne kuma maras kyau... Baya daukar lokaci mai yawa da kulawa. Ya isa a bi wasu ka'idojin kulawa. A yayin ci gaban aiki da samuwar tsiron fure, tsire-tsire ya fi son zafin jiki na digiri 21-29. Kuma daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu, an motsa murtsunguwar zuwa daki mai zafin jiki na kusan digiri 6-11. Sanyin hunturu tabbaci ne na wadatar furanni.
Echinopsis, kodayake yana son iska mai kyau, baya jure zane. Sabili da haka, ɗakin da shuka ba shi da iska sosai.
Shayarwa
Furen baya son yawan ruwa. Sabili da haka, shayar dashi tsawon kwanaki 2-3 bayan saman gona ya bushe. Tunda yana jure lokacin bushe sosai, kuma idan aka cika shi zai iya yin rashin lafiya. A lokacin hutu, Echinopsis ko dai ba a shayar dashi kwata-kwata, ko kuma suna yin sa da ƙyar. Ana amfani da ruwa a yanayin zafin ɗaki ko ruwan sama.
Danshi na iska bashi da mahimmanci ga murtsatsi, amma ana wankan ne lokaci-lokaci ƙarƙashin shawa don cire ƙura da datti, yayin rufe ƙasa.
Hasken wuta
Bakandamiya na bukatar haske, yaduwa.... Hakanan yana jure hasken rana kai tsaye. Sai kawai a lokacin bazara a hankali ana shayar da shi zuwa rana, kuma a cikin awanni masu zafi daga 11-15 an sami inuwar succulent. Sanya shi a gefen windows, gabas da kudu. A gefen arewa, saboda ƙarancin haske, ƙila ba ta da furanni.
A lokacin bazara-lokacin rani, ana fitar da tukunya tare da shuka zuwa baranda ko lambun, amma ana kiyaye shi daga danshi da zayyana.
Yankan
Kawai tsohuwar tsohuwar cacti mai sabuntawa. Ba a taɓa samfuran samari ba. Ana aiwatar da aikin yayin da asalin succulent ya kasance rawaya rawaya.
Tsarin yankan ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:
- a cikin Janairu, yanke ɓangaren sama na tushe da wuka mai kaifi;
- shayar kawai bayan 'yan makonni;
- sauran kututture ya ba da sabon harbe, bayan haka murtsunguwar ya sake zama kyakkyawa.
Firamare
Echinopsis ya dace da haske, sako-sako da, ƙasa mai ratsa jiki tare da tsaka-tsakin acidity. Ana iya shirya shi da kansa; saboda wannan, sod da ƙasa mai laushi, yashi mara laushi da tsakuwa masu kyau suna haɗuwa a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1: 0.5.
Don hana lalacewar tushen, an ƙara gawayi a cikin abun cikin ƙarami kaɗan. Kuma zaka iya siyan samfurin da aka shirya don cacti da succulents.
Top miya
Ana ciyar da Echinopsis kowane mako 3-4 a lokacin bazara-bazara daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba. Taki na musamman don cacti ko ɗakunan ma'adinai na duniya tare da ƙarancin nitrogen sun dace.
Hakanan succulent yana amsawa da kyau ga ciyarwar lokaci-lokaci tare da kwayoyin halitta. Ba a amfani da takin mai magani a lokacin sanyi. Ba a ba da shawarar yin takin samari cacti a cikin shekarun farko na rayuwarsu, tunda har yanzu suna da tsarin tushen rauni.
Tsarma taki cikin ruwa bisa umarnin. Aiwatar da suturar saman kawai zuwa ƙasa mai laima.
Canja wurin
Ana dasa itacen echinopsis a farkon bazara, lokacin da murtsatsi ya wuce ƙarar tsohuwar tukunya. Ana aiwatar da aikin tare da safofin hannu don kar a cutar da hannu. Idan bashi yiwuwa a cire shuka, to tukunyar tare da murtsatsi ta karye ta hanyar taɓawa.
Tsarin dasawa ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:
- Ana zuba magudanan maguna na tsakuwa ko lukumar da aka faɗaɗa a cikin tukunyar.
- Faɗuwa daga sama a bisa 1/3 na ƙasan ƙasa.
- Ana dasa shukar, yana riƙe da tushe na tushe, a tsakiyar tukunyar filawar kuma an daidaita asalinsu.
- Sauran ƙasa ya cika.
- Bayan an cika tukunyar, sai a ɗaga murtsun tsamiya kadan don tushen ya fi kyau wuri.
- An tara ƙasa ta hanyar ɗanɗanawa da sauƙi.
- An rufe tsakuwa zuwa gefunan tukunyar. Yana samarda magudanan ruwa wanda yake kare saman duniya daga saurin bushewa.
Kwanakin farko bayan dasa shuki, ba a shayar da murtsatsi ba ko sanya shi a rana.
Wiwi
An zaɓi tukunya mara kyau, amma faɗi, tunda tushen tushen murtsunguwa na sama-sama ne kuma yawancin jinsuna suna samar da adadi mai yawa na yara... Ana iya yin shi da kowane abu, babban abu shine kasancewar ramin magudanar ruwa.
Wintering
Da farkon kaka, gabatarwar ruwa a hankali ya ragu. Ruwa biyu a watan Satumba da ɗaya a farkon Oktoba sun isa. Sannan Echinopsis ya fara hutawa. A wannan lokacin, an saukar da zafin jikin ɗakin zuwa digiri 6-14.
Ana sanya tukunyar fure a wuri mai haske sosai. Don samar da ƙarin haske, an shigar da fitilu masu kyalli. Ba a shayar da shuka ko danshi, amma da wuya sosai. Cactus zai gaya muku cewa kuna buƙatar ci gaba da shayarwa kuma canza shi zuwa wuri mai dumi ta hanyar sanya rawanin kore.
Yadda ake kula da fure bayan siye?
Ana iya siyan Echinopsis kyauta a kowane shagon fura... Lokacin siyan shi, suna duba shi; kada ya sami alamun lalacewa da ɓarna.
Makonni 2-3 na farko shukar tana da lokacin daidaitawa da sababbin yanayi, a wannan lokacin ba a taɓa ta ba don ta saba da sababbin yanayi.
Sannan ana dasa cactus a cikin sabon tukunya, wanda girmansa yakai 1-2 cm girma fiye da na shagon. Soilasa ta dace da succulents. Bayan an dasa, ana shayar dasu ne bayan fewan kwanaki kuma ana ajiye su a inuwa.
Fasali na girma a cikin filin budewa
Echinopsis yana girma a cikin shimfidar wurare da tsaunuka... Paraguay, Uruguay da Kudancin Brazil ana ɗaukar su ƙasarsu ta asali. Shuke-shuken yana da matukar zafi, baya son dusar ruwa a cikin ƙasa kuma yana buƙatar abin da ke cikin sarkar, saboda haka, a cikin yanayi mai tsananin sanyi, ba a girma succulen a waje. Amma a lokacin bazara da bazara, ana fitar da tukunyar tare da shukar zuwa sararin samaniya a cikin lambun. A lokaci guda, musamman a lokutan zafi, suna yin inuwa daga rana don kada murtsunguwar ya kone kuma a kiyaye shi daga hazo.
Sake haifuwa
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na haihuwar Echinopsis waɗanda masu nunann fure ke aiwatarwa cikin nasara:
- Yara... Sun rabu da babban tushe ta hanyar kwance kuma sun bushe a rana. Sannan ana dasa su a cikin akwati tare da yashi mai danshi, dan kadan danna. Kiyaye a wuri mai dumi da haske. Yi jika lokaci-lokaci. Jarirai suna samun tushe cikin makonni 1-2. Da zaran sun girma, ana dasa su a kananan tukwane.
- Tsaba... Ana gudanar da Shuka a cikin Maris. An zuba yashi a cikin akwatin kuma a shayar. Ana tsaba tsaba a cikin wani rauni mai ƙarfi na potassium permanganate. Sannan an shimfida su a saman yashi. Kar a yayyafa. An rufe akwatin da fim ko kwalba kuma an ajiye shi a zazzabi na digiri 18-20.
Kowace rana shuka tana buƙatar yin iska, daga fim ɗin. Bayan makonni 2-3, shukoki sun bayyana, wanda, da zaran sun sami ƙarfi, ana dasa su zuwa ƙasa ta dindindin.
Cututtuka da kwari
Cactus yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari. Amma tare da kulawa mara kyau, matsaloli masu zuwa na iya tashi:
| Cuta | Dalilin | Jiyya |
| Kadan ko babu fura | Yanayin hutu ya keta (hunturu mai zafi) | An dasa shukar zuwa ɗaki mai sanyi. |
| Lalacewar asalinsu | Airarancin iska da ruwa | Tushen da abin ya shafa an yanke shi, kuma an yayyafa abubuwan da aka nika da gawayi |
| Brown aibobi a kan akwati | Kunar rana a ciki | An sake kewaya murtsunguwar daga hasken rana kai tsaye |
| Spider mite da mealybug hari | Rashin ruwa mai kyau, taki da wuce gona da iri, daftarin cikin gida | Tare da rauni mai rauni, ana fesa Echinopsis da ruwa mai sabulu, kuma tare da kamuwa da cuta mai ƙarfi tare da shirye-shiryen maganin kwari Actellik, Fitoverm |
Irin wannan murtsunguwar naƙasasshen ƙwaya ne mai kyau don haɓaka a gida. Ya ishe shi ya samar da haske mai haske, tsarin zazzabi mai buƙata da ciyar dashi cikin lokaci, kuma zaiyi farin ciki da kyakkyawan fure.
Muna ba ku damar kallon bidiyo game da fasalin kulawar echinopsis: