Masallacin shudi: labarin da ba a saba ji ba na babban wurin ibadar Istanbul

Masallacin Masallaci shine masallaci na farko a Istanbul, wanda shima yana daga cikin manyan alamun garin da kuma ita kanta Turkiya. Ginin da aka gina a cikin mawuyacin lokaci don Daular Ottoman, haikalin ya ƙunshi haɗin gine-ginen Byzantine da tsarin gine-ginen Islama, kuma a yau ginin an san shi a matsayin kyakkyawan abin misali na tsarin gine-ginen duniya. Da farko dai, an sanya wa masallacin suna Sultanahmet, bayan haka kuma an sanya masa sunan filin da yake. Amma a yau ana kiran ginin sau da yawa Masallacin Masallaci, kuma wannan sunan yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da masu ciki na shrine. Tabbas tabbas zaku sami cikakken kwatancen gidan ibada da cikakken bayani game da shi a cikin labarinmu.

Tunanin tarihi

Farkon karni na 17 ya kasance wani shafi mai ban tausayi a tarihin kasar Turkiyya. Bayan yaƙe-yaƙe biyu a lokaci ɗaya, ɗaya a yamma tare da Austria, ɗayan a gabas da Farisa, jihar ta sha kaye bayan an kayar da ita. Sakamakon yaƙe-yaƙe na Asiya, daular ta rasa yankunan Transcaucasian da ta mamaye kwanan nan, ta ba da su ga Farisa. Kuma Austriyawan sun sami nasarar yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta Zhitvatorok, bisa ga abin da aka cire wajibcin girmamawa ga Ottoman daga Austriya. Duk wannan ya haifar da koma baya ga ikon gwamnati a fagen duniya, kuma musamman ya lalata matsayin mai mulkinta, Sultan Ahmed.

Matsalar da halin da ake ciki yanzu ya sanya shi, matashiya padishah cikin fid da rai ya yanke shawarar kafa mafi girman sifa wanda duniya ba ta taɓa gani ba - Masallacin Sultanahmet. Don aiwatar da ra'ayinsa, Vladyka ya kira ɗalibin sanannen mai ginin Ottoman Mimar Sinan - mai tsara gine-gine mai suna Sedefkar Mehmet Agha. Don ginin ginin, sun zaɓi wurin da Babban Fadar Byzantine ya taɓa tsayawa. Ginin da gine-ginen da ke kusa da shi sun lalace, kuma an lalata wani ɓangare na kujerun 'yan kallo da suka rage a Hippodrome. Ginin Masallacin Shudi a Turkiyya ya fara ne a shekara ta 1609 kuma ya ƙare a 1616.

Yanzu yana da wahala a fadi dalilan da Sultan Ahmed ya jagoranta yayin yanke shawarar gina masallaci. Zai yiwu, ta yin haka, yana son samun rahamar Allah. Ko kuma, watakila, yana so ya tabbatar da ikonsa kuma ya sa mutane su manta da shi a matsayin sarki wanda bai ci nasara ba ko daya. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa shekara guda kawai bayan buɗe wurin bautar, padishah 'yar shekaru 27 ta mutu sakamakon cutar sanƙarau.

A yau, Masallacin Masallaci a Istanbul, wanda tarihin gininsa yake da wuyar fahimta, shine babban haikalin babban birni, wanda zai dauki membobin coci dubu 10. Bugu da ƙari, ginin ya zama ɗayan shahararrun abubuwan jan hankali tsakanin baƙon Turkiyya, waɗanda ke ziyartar wurin ba wai kawai saboda girmansa ba, har ma saboda kyawawan kayan kwalliyar da ke ciki.

Gine-gine da ado na ciki

Lokacin zayyana Masallacin shudi, mai zanen Baturke ya dauki Hagia Sophia a matsayin abin koyi. Bayan haka, ya fuskanci aikin gina wurin bautar, mafi girma da girma fiye da duk gine-ginen da suka wanzu a wancan lokacin. Saboda haka, a cikin ginin masallacin a yau mutum zai iya ganin a bayyane game da haɗin makarantun gine-gine guda biyu - salon Byzantium da Daular Ottoman.

Yayin aikin ginin, nau'ikan marmara da dutse mai tsada ne kawai aka yi amfani da shi. Tushen masallacin gidauniya ce mai kusurwa huɗu tare da fadin sama da 4600 m². A tsakiyar ita ce babbar zauren salla tare da yanki 2700 m², kuma an rufe ta da babban dome mai faɗin diamita 23.5, wanda ya kai tsayinsa ya kai mita 43. Maimakon daidaitattun guda huɗu, gidan ibada yana da minaret shida, kowannensu yana yin ado da baranda 2-3. A ciki, Masallacin Shudi ya haskaka sosai ta tagoginsa 260, 28 daga ciki suna kan babban dome. Mafi yawan windows an kawata su da gilashin gilashi.

Cikin ginin yana mamaye mamaye daga tayal ɗin Iznik: akwai fiye da dubu 20 daga cikinsu. Babban inuwar tayal din ya kasance sautin fari da shuɗi, godiya ga wanda masallacin ya samo sunansa na biyu. A cikin kayan adon fale-falen ɗin kansu, zaku iya ganin abubuwan da aka fi shuka musamman na furanni, fruitsa fruitsan itace da tsire-tsire.

Babban kwalliya da ganuwar an kawata ta da rubuce rubucen larabci. A tsakiyar akwai katuwar kwalliya dauke da fitilun fitilu iri-iri, garuruwa wadanda suma suna shimfidawa a gaba dayan dakin. Tsoffin katifu a cikin masallacin an maye gurbinsu da sababbi, kuma tsarin kalar tasu ya mamaye jajayen tabarau masu adon shudi.

Gabaɗaya, haikalin yana da ƙofofin shiga guda shida, amma babba, wanda masu yawon buɗe ido ke bi ta ciki, yana gefen Hippodrome. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan rukunin addini a Turkiyya ya hada da ba masallaci kawai ba, har ma da madarasas, wuraren girki da cibiyoyin sadaka. Kuma a yau, hoto ɗaya ne kawai na Masallacin Masallaci da ke Istanbul ke da ikon tayar da hankali, amma a zahiri tsarin yana ba wa masu tunanin da ba su san gine-gine mamaki ba.

Nemo Farashin kuɗi ko ajiyar kowane masauki ta amfani da wannan fom

Dokokin ɗabi'a

Lokacin ziyartar masallaci a Turkiyya, dole ne a bi wasu dokokin gargajiya da yawa:

1. Ana barin mata ciki kawai tare da rufe kansu. Hannuwa da ƙafa ya kamata kuma a ɓoye daga idanun idanuwa. Waɗanda suka zo da sifofin da ba su dace ba ana ba su tufafi na musamman a ƙofar haikalin.
2. Dole ne maza su ma su bi wani salon adon. Musamman, an hana su zuwa masallaci cikin gajeren wando da T-shirt.
3. Lokacin shiga Masallacin Masallaci a Istanbul, kuna buƙatar cire takalmanku: kuna iya barin takalmanku a ƙofar ko ku tafi da su ta hanyar sakawa a cikin jaka.
4. An ba wa masu yawon bude ido damar zuwa masallacin ne kawai ta gefen ginin; masu ibada ne kawai za su iya shiga tsakiyar zauren.
5. Haramun ne a bi bayan shinge, a yi magana da karfi, a yi dariya a cikin daki, kuma a tsoma baki tare da masu imani daga yin salla.
6. An ba wa masu yawon bude ido damar ziyartar masallacin a Turkiyya kawai tsakanin salla.

A bayanin kula: 10 mafi kyawun balaguro a Istanbul - wane jagora ne don tafiya tare da shi.

Yadda ake zuwa can

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don isa zuwa wannan jan hankalin na Istanbul a Turkiyya. Mafi rikitarwa daga cikinsu shine taksi, wanda akwai da yawa a cikin gundumomin birni. Kudin biyan fasinjoji hawa 4 TL ne, kuma a kowace kilomita dole ne ku biya 2.5 TL. Abu ne mai sauki ka lissafa kudin tafiyar ta hanyar sanin nisan daga inda ka fara zuwa abin.

Daga tsakiyar gundumomin Istanbul, zaku isa filin Sultanahmet, inda Masallacin Masallaci yake, ta hanyar tarago. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar nemo tashar tram na layin T1 Kabataş - layin Bağcılar kuma ku sauka a tashar Sultanahmet. Ginin haikalin zai kasance kusan 'yan mita ɗari.

Kuna iya zuwa masallacin daga gundumar Besiktas ta bas bas na gari TB1, yana bin hanyar Sultanahmet-Dolmabahçe. Hakanan akwai motar bas ta TB2 daga gundumar Uskudar a cikin hanyar Sultanahmet - Çamlıca.

Karanta kuma: Abubuwan fasalin metro na Istanbul - yadda ake amfani da shi, makirci da farashi.

Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din

Bayani mai amfani

• Adireshin: Sultan Ahmet Mahallesi, Atmeydanı Cd. A'a: 7, 34122 Fatih / İstanbul.
• Lokacin buɗewar Masallacin Masallaci a Istanbul: 08:30 zuwa 11:30, 13:00 zuwa 14:30, 15:30 zuwa 16:45. An buɗe Juma'a daga 13:30.
• Ziyarci kudin: kyauta ne.
• Tashar yanar gizo: www.sultanahmetcamii.org

Amfani masu Amfani

Idan kuna shirin duba Masallacin shudi a garin Istambul a Turkiyya, muna baku shawara da ku kula da jerin shawarwarin da muka gabatar, wadanda suka dogara da ra'ayin matafiya wadanda suka riga suka ziyarci wurin:

1. A ranar Juma’a, daga baya za a bude masallacin, wanda hakan ya samar da dimbin ‘yan yawon bude ido a bakin kofar. Sabili da haka, ya fi kyau ziyarci haikalin a wata rana. Amma wannan baya bada garantin rashin jerin gwano. Da kyau, kuna buƙatar zuwa ginin da karfe 08:00 - rabin sa'a kafin buɗewa.
2. Ba a hana ɗaukar hoto a cikin Masallacin Masallaci ba, amma bai kamata ku ɗauki hotunan masu ibada ba.
3. A halin yanzu (kaka na 2018), ana kan aikin gyarawa a cikin wannan ginin a Turkiyya, wanda, ba shakka, na iya ɗan ɓata tasirin gani. Don haka shirya tafiya zuwa Istanbul tare da wannan gaskiyar a zuciya.
4. Kodayake ana ba mata doguwar riga da sikoki a bakin ƙofar, muna ba da shawarar kawo kayanku. Da fari dai, ana bayar da tufafi a kai a kai, kuma abu na biyu, dogayen layuka galibi sukan taru a wurin batun.
5. Gabaɗaya, ba zaku buƙaci fiye da awa ɗaya don bincika haikalin ba.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da Masallacin Masallacin na Istanbul yana buɗe labulen ɓoye kuma yana ba mu damar duba tarihin Turkiyya ta wani fanni daban. Mun zabi mafi kyawun su:

1. Tunda Sultan Ahmed bai iya cin kowane irin yaƙi ba kuma yaci kofuna, baitulmalin jihar kwata-kwata ba shiri don gina irin wannan katafaren tsari kamar Masallacin Sultanahmet. Saboda haka, padishah dole ne ta ware kuɗi daga baitul malinsa.

2. A yayin gina masallacin, Sultan ya bukaci masana'antar Iznik da su samar da tayal masu fasaha kawai. A lokaci guda, ya hana su samar da wasu ayyukan gine-ginen da tayal, sakamakon haka masana’antu suka tafka asara mai yawa tare da rage ingancin tayal din da ake samarwa.
3. Bayan an gina Masallacin Shudi a Turkiyya, wata badakalar gaske ta kunno kai. Ya zama cewa haikalin, dangane da yawan minaret, ya kusanci babban masallacin Islama na Masjid Al-Haram a Makka, wanda a lokacin yana cikin Daular Usmaniyya. Padishah ta warware wannan matsalar ta hanyar ware kudade don tara minaret ta bakwai zuwa masallacin al-Haram.
4. Ana iya ganin ƙwai na jimina a cikin fitilun da ke cikin ginin, waɗanda suke a matsayin hanyar yaƙi da saƙar gizo. A cewar daya daga cikin tatsuniyar, gizo-gizo ya taba ceton annabi Mohammed kuma yanzu kashe wannan kwari ana daukar sa a matsayin zunubi. Don kawar da gizo-gizo ta hanyar mutuntaka, Musulmai sun yanke shawarar amfani da ƙwai na jimina, wanda ƙanshin sa zai iya korar ƙwari na shekaru da yawa.
5. Wani abin ban sha'awa game da Masallacin Masallaci yana da alaƙa da Paparoma Benedict na 16. A shekarar 2006, a karo na biyu kawai a tarihin Cocin Katolika, Paparoma ya ziyarci wani wurin bauta na Islama. Bayan bin al'adun da aka yarda da su, fadan ya cire takalmansa kafin ya shiga haikalin, kuma bayan hakan ya dauki lokaci yana tunani kusa da babban muftin Istanbul.

Fitarwa

Masallacin shudi a Turkiyya abin jan hankali ne a Istanbul. Yanzu da yake kun san tarihinsa da kuma adon da kuka yi, yawon shakatawa a wurin bautar zai zama mafi daɗi. Kuma don ƙungiyarta ta kasance a matakin mafi girma, tabbatar da amfani da bayanai masu amfani da shawarwarinmu.

Kalli bidiyon: But na fillet ; preparatifs de son concert en istanbul (Satumba 2024).