Waɗanne irin hibiscus ne itace: daukar hoto da kula da amfanin gona a cikin lambun. Yadda ake girma bonsai?

Hibiscus al'adu ce mai tsananin zafi (subtropical) daga dangin Malvovaceae. Fiye da nau'in shuka 200 kimiyya ta san su.

Misali mai izini, alal misali, Babban Encyclopedia na Rasha, yayi magana akan nau'ikan 300 na wannan dangin na ado. Amma a yankin ƙasar Rasha da jihohin da ke makwabtaka, ƙananan ,an tsire-tsire ne kawai suka yaɗu.

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koya game da wane nau'in bishiyar hibiscus wanzu da yadda ake kula da wannan kyakkyawan tsiron.

Nau'o'in al'adu kamar bishiya da hoto

Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan al'adu masu son danshi, an san nau'uka biyu azaman sifofin bishiyoyi:

1. Hibiscus ta Siriya;
2. hibiscus babba

Lambu sun mai da hankali kan hibiscus ta Siriya, saboda tana daidaita yadda ya kamata da yanayin yanayi na yanayi mai yanayi. Abin da ba za a iya faɗi game da hibiscus mai tsayi ba. Yana buƙatar yanayi mai zafi mai zafi.

Menene ya kamata a kiyaye al'adun a gonar?

A cikin filayen lambu, galibi kuna iya ganin ƙaramin itace da ɗankwali akwati da rawanin zobe. Tsayin sa ya kai mita 2-3 idan tsiron ya tsiro a yanayin yanayi. Kulawar bishiyoyi ya haɗa da ɓangarori da yawa na matakan agronomic.

Shayarwa

A lokacin dumi, ana sanya kasar gona danshi koyaushe yayin da ta bushe. Amma wajibi ne a yi aiki da hankali, ta yadda ba za a lura da wani tsaiko na ruwa ba. Ban ruwa mai wuce gona da iri yana tasiri tushen tsarinlalata shi. A lokacin mafi tsananin zafi, ana shayar da itacen kowace rana. Duk rashin daidaito na ban ruwa ya bayyana a kan fure ko buds: sun fara fadowa.

Ruwa don ban ruwa ya zama mai laushi, watau tare da ƙaramin gishiri. Za'a iya samun sassauci ta hanyar sanya tokar soda ko lemun tsami a cikin ruwa. Idan an dasa bishiyar a cikin babban tukunya, to ana kuma yayyafa ganyen da ruwa a zafin ɗakin.

Haskaka

Don tabbatar da ci gaban aiki, tsire-tsire yana buƙatar hasken haske daidai.

Hannun rana (kudu) na wani gida ko filin lambu ya fi dacewa da ci gaban al'adun kudu maso gabas.

Firamare

Mafi kyau duka "Siriya" suna girma a cikin ƙasa mai yashi mai yashi mai yalwa. Irin wannan ƙasa:

• mafi alhtainsri rike abubuwan gina jiki;
• warms da sauri kuma yana riƙe zafi na dogon lokaci;
• da kyau aera;
• ba mai saukin kamuwa da dunkulewa ba.

Babban mahimmin humus yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan ci gaban tsire-tsire... A dauki na kasar gona ne tsaka tsaki, dan kadan alkaline.

Yankan

Ana yin yankan kayan amfanin gona na thermophilic a bazara. Yana motsa samuwar sabbin samari da samari, sakamakon haka, furanni. Matakan noma sun hada da cire:

• lalace;
• rashin lafiya;
• tsohon bushe ko rassa masu girma mara kyau.

Gyarawa yana ba da damar bawa kambi wani sifa.

Top miya

Kyakkyawan sakamako ya nuna ta takin ma'adinai na yanayin inorganic:

1. phosphoric;
2. nitrogen;
3. potash.

Canjin ma'adinai da takin gargajiya yana amfanar shukar.... Spraying aka yi:

• 1-2 sau a wata a cikin hunturu da ƙarshen kaka;
• Sau ɗaya a mako - a cikin bazara da bazara.

Dole ne a kula sosai don tabbatar da cewa tufafin bai hau kan furannin ba. Wajibi ne a shayar da ƙasa kawai.

Wiwi

A ka'ida, yawan tukunyar fure ya zama ya ninka na tushen tsarin ninki biyu. Sai kawai a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi lokacin daidaitawa zai ci gaba da kyau, kuma yankan ba zai mutu daga dasawa ba.

Don girma hibiscus lambu, tukunya da aka yi daga:

• robobi;
• yumbu;
• karfe;
• itace;
• gilashi

Babban abu shi ne cewa kasan an huda, ma'ana, yana da ramuka na ramin ruwa. In ba haka ba, ana buƙatar kayan magudanan ruwa (dutsen da aka niƙe, tsakuwa, pebbles, tubalin da ya karye, da sauransu), wanda zai kawar da yawan zubar ruwan ƙasa.

Canja wurin

Bukatar aiwatarwa ta taso lokacin da bishiyar ta "girma" tukunyar. Ci gaban tsarin tushen yana tsayawa ko raguwa sosai. A wannan yanayin, ana shuka tsiron thermophilic a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa ko a cikin babbar tukunya.

Idan kuna shirin mayar da hankali kan kambin kamanni mai ɗumbin yawa, ana buƙatar tukunyar ɗimbin yawa, wanda tushen zai kasance mai faɗi. Ana amfani da tukunyar fure ƙarami yayin da ake buƙatar fure mai yawa.

1. Dasawar tana farawa lokacin da kasar ta dumama har zuwa digiri 15 a ma'aunin Celsius, kuma iska a kalla take da digiri 22 a ma'aunin Celsius.
2. An riga an shirya ramin sauka
   • An shimfiɗa kayan magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tare da kaurin aƙalla santimita 15, sa'annan a zuba yashi kusan ɗimimimita 10.
   • Na gaba - takin santimita 15 lokacin farin ciki, bayan haka an sanya itacen a cikin rami kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa haɗe da peat da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 2.

   Idan ƙasar ta kasance daga asalin yashi mai yashi, to yashi za'a iya cire shi daga yanayin ƙasa.

3. Wajibi ne a yayyafa shukar don a rufe ɗan abin wuya da ƙasa.
4. Bayan ƙarshen aikin, ana shayar da hibiscus sosai da ruwa.

Wintering

Da farkon yanayin sanyi, fure ta Siriya tana samun mafaka daga sanyi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman idan bishiyar matashiya ta tsiro a cikin gidan rani. Manya shuka ta fi jurewa sanyi cikin sauƙi.

1. A baya can, a ƙarshen kaka, an shayar da hibiscus kuma an ɗanɗana shi, kuma a watan Nuwamba rassan sun karkata zuwa ƙasa.
2. An rufe bio-abu da kayan haɗin roba wanda ba a saka ba.
3. Don amintacce mafi girma, an sanya wani sutura a saman, misali, polyethylene.
4. Dukkanin tsarin an rufe shi da ciyawar bushe, rassan spruce, da dai sauransu.

Yadda ake Shuka Bonsai na ado?

Mafi yawancin bonsai ana girma ne daga hibiscus na Cooper ko feshin da aka yanke.

1. Don shuka, ɗauki cakuda ƙasa wanda ya ƙunshi yumbu, humus da tsakuwa (3: 5: 2).
2. An sanya ƙaramin kwano a cikin ɗaki inda hasken ya fi haske.
3. Wani tsiro mai shekara biyu yana cikin yankewa. A lokaci guda, ba a taɓa waɗanda rassan da ke cike da yalwa da buds ko furanni ba. Ana ba da shawarar harbe-harbe yayin lokacin girma mai girma don yin kusanci da wuri zuwa ɓangaren itace na shukar.
4. Zaɓin tukunya muhimmin abu ne don haɓakar shukar. Mafi sau da yawa, masu shuka suna zaɓar siffofin karko don bishiyoyi masu karkata Faɗaɗɗen ƙaramin kwano suna da kyau ga kambi mai ɗimbin yawa.
5. Shayarwa ta fi dogaro da sifar tukunyar. A cikin ƙananan sifofi, ƙasa tana bushewa da sauri, wanda ke nufin cewa ana yin ban ruwa sau da yawa.
6. Fodder yayi kama da bishiyoyin talakawa na gidan mallow (kawai kuna buƙatar kula da ƙarar ƙasa da tukunya).
7. Abun haifuwa na kasar Sin ya tashi bonsai mai yiwuwa ne ta hanyar yankan kai, rabe-raben tushen tsarin, tsaba. Fiye da wasu, hanyar yankan itace ta sami tushe.

Cututtuka da kwari

Hanyoyin cututtukan cututtuka suna faruwa yayin da aka kula da shuka ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba ko ta kamu da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Cututtukan "Siriya" sun haɗa da:

• mai yaduwa da mara chlorosis;
• kunar rana a jiki;
• jijiyoyin bugun jini.

A lokaci guda, akwai raguwa da bushewa daga rassan, suna fadowa daga ganyen rawaya.

Daga cikin kwari tsaya a waje:

• aphid;
• miyar gizo-gizo;
• greenhouse whitefly;
• tsutsotsi;
• garkuwa;
• gall midge.

Orananan ƙwayoyin cuta suna kai hari bishiyar daga ƙasa. Zaɓin zaɓi: kusanci lamba tare da wani tsire-tsire mai cutar.

Kula bishiyar bishiyar hibiscus ba sauki. Amma al'adun gargajiya ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba suna ado yankin lambu, suna haifar da jituwa a duniyar shuka.