Fasali na dasa radish mai baƙar fata a cikin filin buɗewa da cikin greenhouse. Shuka da Tsarin Kulawa na Farko

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Black radish ya daɗe ya zama tushen amfanin gona sananne ga masu lambun Rasha. Nau'ikan iri-iri suna da kyau, amma mutane mafi yawansu suna daraja raɗin baƙon fata don kaddarorin magani da dandano na musamman tare da "ɗacin rai".

Amma yadda ake shuka shi daidai don faranta girbi? Yadda ake shuka daidai, yana da wuya a bar shi? Menene nau'ikan don noman kuma shin akwai banbanci a dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa da kuma cikin greenhouses? Onari akan wannan a cikin wannan labarin.

Siffofin sauka

Zaɓin zaɓi na dama yana ba da tabbacin ingantaccen iri.
Yarda da dokokin juyawar amfanin gona, wanda shine mabuɗin samun wadataccen girbi.
Dasa shuki na kayan lambu, shuka iri da wuri yana inganta harbi.
Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da tsaba da aka riga aka jiƙa yini ɗaya a cikin maganin potassium permanganate.
Kula da yanayin danshi na gadajen, hana kasar gona bushewa.
Kusantar da tsire-tsire da cire ciyawa.

Daidaitawa tare da wasu al'adun

Yana da kyau a shuka baƙar fata bayan girbi:

legumes;
kabewa;
kwancin dare;
albasa koren;
dill;
dankali

Yawancin mazaunan bazara suna yin unguwa tare da:

dankali;
kokwamba;
tumatir da albasa.

Wasu mutane suna ganin dasa shuki ya fi kyau bayan girbin tafarnuwa.

Menene iri don namo?

Rarrabe:

farkon kananan-'ya'yan itace - lokacin nunawa har zuwa kwanaki 40-50, shuka a cikin Maris, "Maiskaya";
farkon nunawa - kamar "Ladushka", "Sultan", kwanaki 50-60, shuka Afrilu-Mayu;
tsakiyar lokacin iri tare da shukawa a zenith na bazara (tsakiyar watan Yuni-farkon Yuli), lokacin girbi kwanaki 75-80, "Margelanskaya", "Wonderful", "Chernovka";
marigayi jinsuna shuka a tsakiyar lokacin rani, a watan Yuli, "Doctor", "Gaivoronskaya", "Negritanka", yin girma daga kwanaki 80.

Radish ta kasance farkon noman da zai iya bayarwa, a tsakiyar Rasha da yankin Moscow, girbi biyu, dangane da kwanan wata.

Zaɓin iri-iri ya kamata ya dogara da dalilai kamar lokacin girbi da ake so, yanayi da yanayin yanayin gida.

Farashin iri a cikin Moscow da St. Petersburg

Farashin kuɗi kusan iri ɗaya ne a garuruwan biyu. Za a iya siyan tsaba Radish a kowane shagon lambu. Ana sayar da su a cikin jaka na takarda, suna ɗaukar gram 2, farashin daga 10 zuwa 18 rubles. Yana yiwuwa koyaushe yin odar kan layi, amma fa lura da farashin jigilar kaya.

Bambanci a cikin dasa shuki a cikin buda baki a kasar ko a gonar da kuma a cikin greenhouses

Da farko, an ƙaddara inda radish zai yi girma - greenhouse ko gado mai buɗewa. Don dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, mai dausayi, ƙasa mai tsaka-tsaki ana ɗauka mafi kyau. Dole ne a cikin wuri mai haske, a cikin inuwar shukar ba ta ci gaba kuma ba zai kawo girbi mai kyau ba.

A cikin yanayin greenhouse, zaku iya yin kwaikwayon hasken rana ta amfani da fitilu.

Yanayin zafin rana a ranakun rana digiri 16-18, a kan giragizai 10-12. Autumn radish wani abu ne mara kyau wanda za'a iya girma a cikin greenhouse. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake buƙata don wurin, isasshen haske ne kawai da kuma shayarwa na yau da kullun.

Umarnin-mataki-mataki: yadda ake shuka tushen shuka daidai?

Ana la'akari da mai zuwa daki-daki lokacin da yadda ake shuka shuka. An dasa tushen amfanin gona dangane da nau'ikan:

Da wuri, Maris, Afrilu. A yankuna da yawa, har yanzu akwai dusar ƙanƙara a wannan lokacin, saboda haka yana da daraja a shuka iri a cikin tukunyar peat.
Tsakiyar-kakar, karshen watan farko na bazara - farkon na biyu.
Lokacin hunturu, girma daga tsakiyar watan Yuli. Ana nufin su ne don ajiyar lokaci mai tsawo.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa

A lokacin bazara, an tono shafin, kuma a lokacin bazara, an kwance shimfidar tare da rake kuma hada shi:

nitrogen;
phosphorus;
potassium.

Soilasa ya zama sako-sako da, zai fi dacewa loamy, tsabtace lumps da sako sako. An haƙa gadon gonar zuwa zurfin 35 cm, ƙasa mai ƙarfi tana bugu da fertilari tana haɗuwa da takin zamani da tokar itace. Idan kasar ta yi sako-sako da ita, dole ne a nade ta. Sa'an nan kuma ana yin furushi, suna yada tsaba a nesa na 15 cm daga juna. Sanya zurfin 2-3 cm.

Shiri na kaya da tsaba

Kayan aikin da ake buƙata don dasa shuki shebur ne da rake. Don saukaka shuka, zaka iya amfani da iri na musamman, wanda yayi kama da ƙafa mai ƙafa tare da dogon tsayi.

raba iri, cire marasa lafiya da kanana;
bayan kintsawa, saka a danshin gauze na tsawon kwana 2 don kumbura;
kafin shuka, jiƙa na awanni 24 a cikin rauni mai ƙarfi na potassium permanganate.

Zaɓin wurin zama

Buɗe ƙasa - tabbatar da hasken rana kai tsaye, yayin kiyaye juyawar amfanin gona, nesa da amfanin gona na giciye. Dasa shuki na Greenhouse - a cikin greenhouse wanda yake da dumi sosai duk shekara zagaye, ana iya aiwatar da dasa kowane lokaci na shekara tare da wadataccen haske.

Don kawar da yanayin ƙasa mai guba, ya zama dole a sa shi da takin mai kimanin buffa 1.5 a kowace murabba'in mita.

Makirci da fasaha

Shuke-shuke a cikin wani tsiron-tsire-tsire - theaagan tsaba suna da nisa 3-4 cm tare da tsawon tsawon furgin. A kan gado, tazara mafi kyau tsakanin ramuka 4-6 cm, don haka tsaba suna da isasshen sarari don ci gaba da samuwar ɗan tayi. Gwanin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ana gudanar da su a cikin gida na hatsi 2-3 a kowane rami.

sa ramin saukowa zurfin zurfin 2-3 cm;
cika furrows da tsaba, dan karamin ƙasa;
zuba ruwa daga kwandon shayarwa kuma a nika tare da toka;
rufe da tsare.

Bayan dasa shuki, lokacin dasawar ya kai mako guda, kuma bayan haka, karin kula da tsiro ya zama dole.

Kulawa ta farko

Shayarwa. Kafin sabbin tsiro su tsiro, ruwa sau ɗaya kowace kwana 2. Wani radish da aka dasa a cikin bazara yana buƙatar yawan shayarwa sau ɗaya a mako. Ya isa ya shayar da iri da aka shuka a lokacin rani sau 3-4 yayin lokacin girma. Makonni kaɗan kafin girbi, an dakatar da shayarwa, ba tare da la'akari da farkon bala'in amfanin gona ba.
Ragewa. Radish baya jure wa ɓawon burodi da aka kafa akan ƙasa. Ana ba da shawarar sassauta bayan ruwan sama. Don rage weeding daga weeds, zaka iya mulch da gadaje tare da peat ko humus.
Yin tunani. A karo na farko kana buƙatar sirirtar da gadaje bayan bayyanar ganye 3-4, ba ta cire tsire-tsire masu yawa ba, amma ta hanyar tsinkaya. Makonni uku baya, kuma, ajiye nesa na aƙalla cm 15. Muffling da gadaje yana barazanar tare da curvature na 'ya'yan itacen da harin na kwari.

Idan ka cika nuna amfanin gona a gonar, radish din zai rasa juicness dinsa, mara kyau zai bayyana a cikin tushen amfanin gona, zai yi kasa.

Matsaloli da matsaloli

Radish baya zuwa - yana nufin cewa seedsa seedsan sun rasa ƙwayarsu, ƙasa ta yi sanyi da danshi lokacin dasawa.
Girma mara kyau, jifa mai launin rawaya - dalili shine rashin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa.
Babu tushen amfanin gona da aka kafa - lightan haske, an shuka iri mai zurfin gaske, rashin isasshen potassium, ƙasa mai ruwa.
Ya shiga saman da furanni - mummunan iri, lalacewar tushe yayin sako ciyawa, rashin haske da zafi.
Bar a cikin ramuka - hari na gicciyen gicciye.

Kula da kwaro

Sacral ƙuma beetles, bedbugs, caterpillars, fyade sawfly, slugs, aphids sune manyan abokan gaba na baƙar fata radish. Yin gwagwarmaya da kwari yana da wahala da tsayi, saboda haka don hana ƙwayar kwari, ya kamata a kiyaye waɗannan ƙa'idodi masu zuwa: