Munich Pinakothek - fasaha ce wacce ta wuce shekaru aru-aru

Masu san zanen babu shakka sun ji abubuwa da yawa, kuma da yawa ma sun je shahararren gidan kayan fasaha. Pinakothek (Munich) sananne ne nesa da kan iyakar Jamus. Babu matsala idan akace masoyan zane-zane wadanda basu riga sun ziyarci jan hankalin ba suna iya yin wannan - tafiya cikin dakunan taro, suna taba manyan zane da zane-zanen da aka adana anan. "Pinakothek" asalinsa ne na Girka kuma a zahiri ana fassararsa a matsayin "ma'ajiyar zane-zane."

Babban bayani game da Munich Pinakothek. Balaguro cikin tarihi

Pinakothek a Munich babban wuri ne inda aka tsara mafi kyawun ayyukan zane a jere, kuma zaka iya gano yadda fasaha ta kasance, canzawa ta hanyar ziyartar Tsoho, Sabon da Sabon Sabon Pinakothek. A cikin tsohuwar Girka, Pinakothek shine sunan da aka ba shi don adana allunan katako, zane-zane, da kuma abin da ake kira ɓangare na ginin Acropolis a Athens, inda aka ajiye zane-zanen da aka ba da allahiya Athena. Wannan ɗayan ofan wuraren da aka samu don ziyarar kyauta, kowa na iya zuwa nan kuma ya yaba da ayyukan da aka rubuta a kan allunan katako, allunan laka.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! A karshen karni na 3 BC. A karo na farko an tattara jerin sunayen zane-zane na zane.

Daga baya, an yi amfani da kalmar "pinakothek" don sanya wuraren ajiye zane-zane a wasu biranen Girka, kuma a lokacin Renaissance wannan sunan ne da aka ba tarin zane-zanen da aka buɗe wa jama'a. Gidan sito na Pinakothek da ke Munich ya karɓi matsayin mafi tsufa a duniya. Anan an tattara kanunun da suka tattara lokacin daga tsakiyar zamanai zuwa ƙarshen karni na 18.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Ginin Munich Pinakothek ya fara ne a 1826 kuma ya ɗauki shekaru goma.

A cikin fewan shekarun farko bayan buɗe gidan kayan tarihin, mazaunan Munich ba su son shiga ciki, ba su da hanzari don yaba manyan ayyukan, kuma da farin ciki aka shirya fiyaye da ƙofofi. Abun takaici, yayin yakin duniya na biyu, Pinakothek a Munich yayi mummunan lalacewa, gyarawa da sake ginawa sun ɗauki shekaru biyar kuma an sake buɗewa a 1957.

Designirƙirar alamar ƙasa an hana, haɓaka, a cikin salon ƙaramin abu, babu abin da ya shagaltar da tunanin zane-zanen, yayin da aka zana bangon a cikin sautunan duhu, wannan yana taimakawa wajen jaddada tsarin launi na kowane fasali.

Babban rashi na Munich Pinakothek shine hasken wuta mara kyau, wanda bai isa ba ga hotuna. Ba a yarda da walƙiya ɗaukar hoto ba. Kari akan haka, bawai koyaushe kewaya suke shiga cikin firam ba - yana da matukar wahalar daukar hoto wanda zai fara daga matakin hanci kuma ya kare a rufin. A cikin lokacin daga karni na 15 zuwa na 18, malamai a fili sun karkata zuwa gigantomania. Kuna buƙatar la'akari da irin waɗannan ƙwararrun masanan daga nesa na aƙalla mita biyar.

Tunanin samo Pinakothek a Munich na Duke William IV ne, da kuma matarsa ​​Jacobina. Sun tattara zane don gidan bazara. Na farko a cikin tarin dangi shine ayyukan mafi kyawun masters, akasari akan batutuwan tarihi. An rubuta ayyukan tun 1529. Ofaya daga cikin fitattun ayyukan shine "The Battle of Alexander" na Albrecht Altdorfer, wanda ke nuna yaƙin Alexander the Great da Darius. Zane yana jin daɗin cikakken bayani, wadatattun launuka da girmansa, sanannen zanen wancan lokacin. Duke Wilhelm ne ya sayi ayyukan Albrecht Durer, godiya ga wanda aka tara mafi yawan tarin wannan maigidan a cikin Old Pinakothek. A karshen karni na 17, akwai ayyuka da yawa da Monarch Ludwig I ya yanke shawarar gina wani gida daban.

Sabuwar Pinakothek da ke Munich tana gaban Old Landmark. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, an ruguza shi gaba daya, sannan an ruguza shi don ci gaba da maidowa. Bayanin ya koma na gidan Arts. Sabuwar Pinakothek ta buɗe a cikin 1981. Ginin, wanda aka gina akan wurin da tsohon ɗakin tarihin yake, wanda aka fuskanta da dutsen yashi kuma aka kawata shi da baka, mazauna yankin sun tsinkaye masu kai tsaye. Koyaya, baƙi, masu gine-gine da kuma masu sukar yabo sun yaba ɗakunan da ke da kyakkyawan haske.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! A cikin 1988, wani hatsari ya faru a Munich Pinakothek - wani baƙo mai tabin hankali ya zuba acid a kan zanen Dürer. An yi sa'a, an dawo da ayyukan.

Bayyanar da tsohuwar Pinakothek

Shekaru ɗari bakwai, daular Wittelsbach ta yi mulki a yankin na Bavaria, ita ce ta yi nasarar tattara tarin zane-zane, wanda a yau miliyoyin masu yawon buɗe ido suke sha'awar Old Pinakothek a Munich. Zuriyar zuriyar da ke mulki har yanzu suna zaune a cikin gidan Nymphenburg, kowane zaure anan ana iya kiransa da aikin fasaha.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Ba shi yiwuwa a kafa ainihin farashin tarin Pinakothek na Munich.

Gidaje 19, kananan ofisoshi 49 a bude suke don ziyarta, inda aka nuna zane-zane dari bakwai - mafi kyaun misalai na makarantu daban-daban na zane-zane. Yawancin ayyuka na mallakan gida ne da masu zane-zane na Jamusawa.

Ana nuna nune-nune a cikin Old Pinakothek a cikin zaure a hawa biyu na wani gini daban. Farkon bene ya kasu kashi biyu. Ana gudanar da nunin ɗan lokaci a ɓangaren hagu. A gefen dama, akwai gwanjo daga mashahurin Jamusanci da Flemish.

A saman bene na Old Pinakothek a Munich, ana ajiye zane-zanen gida, masanan Dutch. Dakuna na huɗu da na biyar an sadaukar da su ne ga zanen Italiyanci. A cikin zaure na shida, na bakwai da na takwas, ana nuna ayyukan Flemings, kuma a na tara - Dutch. Hannun dama ya tanada don zane-zanen da masanan Italiya, Faransa da Spain.

Tsohon Pinakothek a Munich ya cancanci matsayinta na ɗayan mafi kyawun ɗakunan ajiya a cikin Jamus da duniya. Tushen baje kolin shine ayyukan sanannun mashahuran Jamusawa, waɗanda suka kafa tushen tarin Wittelsbach. An kawata zauren Munich Pinakothek da zane-zanen D byrer, Altdorfer da Grunewald. Ana gabatar da ayyukan Raphael, Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci a zauren Italiyanci. Ayyukan Rubens da Brueghel suna da ban sha'awa a bangon ɗakunan Dutch da Flemish. Idan abubuwan birgewa na Lorrain, Poussin, suna jan hankalin ku, ku kalli zauren zane na Faransa.

Ba abin mamaki bane, kowane gidan kayan gargajiya zai yi kishin ayyukan Old Pinakothek a Munich. Idan da farko zanen sun dace a cikin gini ɗaya, to a cikin shekaru akwai su da yawa da yawa cewa an raba tarin zuwa sassa uku. Abubuwan da aka kirkira sune aka raba su ta hanyar kidaya:

• Tsohon Munich Pinakothek - lokacin daga Tsakiyar Zamani zuwa Haske;
• New Pinakothek - yana aiki ne daga lokacin ƙarshen 18 zuwa farkon ƙarni na 20;
• Pinakothek na zamani - zamani ne daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 20 zuwa yau.

Kyakkyawan sani! Monarch Ludwig Na kafa gidan tarihin, kazalika da al'ada mai ban mamaki - a ranar Lahadi, ƙofar jan hankali 1 € ne kawai.

Kada kuyi ƙoƙari ku rungumi girman kuma ku ga komai a rana ɗaya, wannan ba zai yiwu ba. Bayan ziyarar Old Pinakothek, hutawa da yin tunani akan abin da kuka gani.

Old Pinakothek na Munich na maraba da baƙi kowace rana, ban da Litinin, daga 10-00 zuwa 18-00, a ranakun Talata daga 10-00 zuwa 20-00. Kudin tikiti 7 €. An hana shigo da kowane kwantena da ruwa a ciki.

Tsayawa ta gaba akan hanyarmu shine New Pinakothek. Bayyanawa a cikin wannan gidan yanar gizon ya ƙunshi lokacin soyayya, kyan gani da gaske. An maye gurbin ɗakunan da kyawawan hotuna na farkon karni na 19, zane-zanen tawaye daga masu burgewa da uban Kubiyon. Akwai ayyuka ta Monet, Gauguin, Van Gogh, Picasso. Baya ga zane-zane, ana nuna zane-zane a cikin Munich Pinakothek.

Bayani mai amfani! A cikin New Pinakothek a Munich, ana aikin gine-gine da babban sake gini. Ana tsammanin an rufe gidan ne don baƙi har zuwa 2025. An matsar da tarin na wani lokaci zuwa Old Pinakothek, watau East Wing. Hakanan, ana nuna wasu zane-zanen a cikin Shaka gallery.

Yanzu ne lokacin da za a ziyarci "ƙarami" ɓangare na Munich Pinakothek - Sabon ko Yanzu. Akwai baje kolin abubuwa huɗu da aka shirya anan, waɗanda aka keɓe su zuwa yankuna daban-daban a cikin zane-zane:

• zane;
• zane-zane;
• gine;
• zane.

Anan kowa zai sami wani abu mai kayatarwa ga kansa, wani zai yi sha'awar aikin masu ba da gudummawa, kuma wani zai yi farin ciki da shimfidar mashahuran gine-ginen duniya, amma wani zai yi sha'awar aikin masu zane. Duk dakunan zauren gidan an cika su da abubuwa daban-daban na ban mamaki, abubuwan kirkirar asali da sabbin launuka masu ban mamaki suna jiran ku.

Pinakothek na zamani shine mafi tsada, tikitin shiga zaikai 10 €. Ana buɗe tashar a kowace rana banda Litinin. Lokacin buɗewa na Pinakothek a Munich: daga 10-00 zuwa 18-00, ranar Alhamis - daga 10-00 zuwa 20-00.

Bayani mai amfani

• Adireshin

Alte Pinakothek: Barerstrasse, 27 (mashiga daga Theresienstrasse);
Sabon Pinakothek yana kusa da Tsohon a Palazzo Branca, Barerstrasse, 29;
Pinakothek na zamani: Barerstrasse, 40.

• Ziyarci kudin

Tikiti zuwa Old Pinakothek farashin 7 €. Kowace mashigar Lahadi 1 € ce kawai.

Tikiti zuwa New Pinakothek zai biya 7 €, a ranar Lahadi - 1 €.

Ziyarci Pinakothek na Zamani yakai 10 € (ragin tikiti - 7 €), kowace Lahadi - 1 €.

Tikiti daya ya baka damar ziyartar bangarori uku na Pinakothek, da Brandhorst Museum da kuma Shack Gallery. Kudin yana 12 €. Na dabam, zaku iya ziyartar gidan tarihi na Brandhorst na 10 € (ragin farashi - 7 €), farashin ziyartar Shack Gallery a Munich zaikai 4 € (ragin farashi - 3 €). Musamman, nune-nunen ɗan lokaci suna ƙarƙashin farashin daban.

Hakanan zaka iya siyan tikiti don ziyarar sau biyar zuwa Munich Pinakothek - 29 €.

Wasu nau'ikan 'yan ƙasa suna da' yancin ziyartar gidan kayan kyauta kyauta:

• yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18;
• daliban tarihin fasaha;
• kungiyoyin ‘yan makaranta;
• kungiyoyin matasa na yawon bude ido daga kasashen da suke membobin Tarayyar Turai.

Yadda ake zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya

Pinakothek da Brandhorst Museum:

• metro: layin U2 (tashar Königsplatz ko Theresienstraße), layin U3 ko U6 (tashar Odeonsplatz ko Universität), layin U4 ko U5 (tashar Odeonsplatz);
• lambar tram 27, dakatar da "Pinakoteka";
• bas: a'a. 154 (Schellingstraße tasha), gidan kayan gargajiya bas mai lamba 100 suna gudana a Munich (tsayar da "Pinakothek" ko "Maxvorstadt / Sammlung Brandhorst");
• motocin bas masu yawon bude ido sun tsaya kai tsaye a gaban Pinakothek, lokacin ajiye motoci yayi awanni biyu, suna gudu daga 10-00 zuwa 20-00 kowace rana.

Mahimmanci! Babu filin ajiye motoci kusa da wuraren, don haka ya fi dacewa don isa wurin ta jigilar jama'a.

• Tashar yanar gizon: www.pinakothek.de

Farashin kan shafin don Yuni 2019 ne.

Amfani masu Amfani

1. Pinakothek tabbas babu makawa dole ne ga duk wanda ke sha'awar zanen Turai kuma yake son faɗaɗa tunaninsu.
2. Shiru, natsuwa tana sarauta a nan, babu abin da ya shagaltar da tunanin zane-zane.

3. Kowane daki yana da wurin zama inda zaku zauna ku saurari jagorar mai jiwuwa.
4. Masu yawon bude ido suna lura da bayanai masu ban sha'awa da jagorar mai jiwuwa ta bayar, ba cikin Rasha ba.
5. Kuna iya cin abinci don cin abinci a cikin cafe, a nan zaku iya samun cikakken menu.
6. Kuna iya biya a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya ta katin kuɗi.
7. Tabbatar barin kayanku a cikin ɗakunan kaya don yin yawo a cikin hasken dakunan majami'u. Idan ba'a yi haka ba, tsaro zai aika zuwa sel, ajiya na 2 €.
8. An ba masu yawon shakatawa mundaye, dole ne a kiyaye su har tsawon lokacin ziyartar gidan kayan tarihin.
9. A matsakaici, zai ɗauki awanni 2 don kallon zane-zanen Old Pinakothek.

Pinakothek (Munich) ba gidan kayan fasaha bane kawai. Tafiya a cikin zauren gidan kayan gargajiya, kun fahimci cewa yawancin masu fasaha sun rayu ƙarnuka da yawa da suka gabata, kuma abubuwan da suka kirkira tabbaci ne cewa rayuwa tana wucewa kuma fasaha ne kawai yake dawwama. Kowane zane yana cike da zamanin lokacin da aka ƙirƙira shi; mafarkai, buri, ƙauna, ƙiyayya, rayuwa da mutuwa suna cikin ayyukan. Wannan wani lokaci ne na tarihi kuma, godiya ga Allah, cewa kowane ɗayanmu yana da damar taɓa shi.

Siffar shahararrun zane-zanen tsohon Pinakothek Munich a cikin wannan bidiyon.

Kalli bidiyon: Munich-8-Alte Pinakothek art musm (Yuli 2024).