Tsirrai mai ban mamaki tare da ƙaya mai haske - echinocactus Gruzoni ja

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Wani sanannen murtsattsen murtsannen mai kama da spines ja mai haske da kambi mai haske shine Gruzoni's echinocactus red. Wannan asalin mai dogon hanta bashi da ma'ana, yana girma sosai har ma a yanayin gida.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi magana game da yadda za'a kula da wannan nau'in a gida da waje, waɗanne irin fasali ne yake dasu, da kuma yadda za'a hayayyafa ta daidai. Har ila yau, za mu bayyana kwari da cututtukan da ke barazana ga wannan shuka.

Bayanin tsirrai

Echinocactus Gruzoni ja ba nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in kayan abinci bane. Akwai nau'ikan launuka biyu masu ruwan hoda da ruwan hoda. Echinocactus Grusoni ja (Echinocactus grusonii) shine mai taimakon jinsi Echinocactus na dangin kakakus dangi ne.

Ganye yana da zagaye, mai kama da ganga mai duhu koren launi. Tsawon tushe a cikin yanayin yanayi na iya kaiwa zuwa 100 - 130 cm tare da shekaru.Wannan ire-iren suna girma cikin diamita zuwa 80 - 90 cm. A gida, wannan nau'in ba ya wuce 40 cm a diamita.

Yayin da ya balaga, gangar jikin sai ta dan kara zuwa sama. Akwai hakarkari fiye da 30. An kafa babban adadin tsibirai a kan haƙarƙarin, kashin baya rawaya ne da launin amber. Gwanayen suna da tsayi, mai yawa, har zuwa 5 cm a tsayi. A saman, spines suna da haske, a cikin launi fari, suna girma sosai. Saboda siffar zagaye da launuka na ƙayayuwa, ana kiran furen ƙwallon zinare, ganga ta zinariya.

An gano Echinocactus Gruzoni a ƙarshen karni na 19. Yankin zama - tsakiyar Mexico. An sanya nau'in nau'in bayan Herman Gruzon, masanin kimiyya, mai kirkiro, kuma masanin masana'antu. Ya gabatar da babbar cacti ga garin Magdeburg.

Siffofin rarrabe

Tinted echinocactus Gruzoni ja yayi girma da sauri, ƙayayuwa suna canza launi zuwa yanayinsu, launin ambar-zuma. Kambi ya zama fari a kan lokaci, ƙashin baya a gindin kuma yana girma. An bambanta nau'ikan ta wurin taurin rai da tsawon rai. Masana kimiyya sunyi da'awar cewa tsiron na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 500. A cikin gidajen bishiyoyi da lambunan lambuna, kayan motsa jiki suna girma har zuwa shekaru 100!

Yadda za a kula da wannan nau'in a gida?

Zazzabi

A lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara, mafi kyawun tsarin zafin jiki shine -20 - 25 ° C. Inara yawan zafin jiki ba shi da kyau, fure mai tsananin zafi, ya fara dusashewa, girma da ci gaban furen yana raguwa. A lokacin kaka, yanayin zafin jiki ya kamata a hankali ya ragu zuwa 10 - 15 ° C.

Shayarwa

Ruwan sha matsakaici ne, kamar kowane mai nasara, echinocactus Gruzoni ja baya jure dampness da yawan danshi... A lokacin bazara da bazara, ya kamata a sha ruwa sau daya a kowace kwanaki 10 -12. A cikin matsanancin zafi, ana ba da shawarar a sauƙaƙa yayyafa ƙwanƙwara don rage yawan zafin jiki. Fesawa yana share ƙura kuma yana sake fure. Ruwa yana ragewa a kaka.

Mahimmanci! Ya kamata ƙasa ta bushe sosai tsakanin waterings. Zai fi kyau a sha ruwa a tire ko ta nutsewa. Bayan shayarwa, dole ne a zubar da ruwa nan da nan daga ramin, jiƙa tushen ba shi da karɓa.

Haskaka

Nau'in iri-iri baya jin tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye. An fi sanya tukwane a kudu, kudu maso gabashin gidan. Bayan hunturu, shuka ta saba da hasken rana a hankali. Daga rashin haske, tushe yana da nakasa, shrivels, tsiro daya gefe, na iya jefa ƙaya. A jujjuya tukwanen daga agogo lokaci-lokaci saboda hasken ya hau daidai.

Firamare

Soilasa ya kamata ya zama haske, sako-sako, mai wadataccen ma'adanai, ɗan acidic kaɗan. Ana amfani da ƙananan duwatsu, tsakuwa, da gutsattsen bulo na bulo.

A abun da ke ciki na potting ƙasa:

Afasa mai launi - 1 tsp
Sod ƙasar - 2 hours
Rashin yashi kogi - 1 tsp
Peat - 1 tsp
Lambatu

Don rigakafin cututtukan fungal, ana bada shawara don ƙara gawayi a ƙasa.

Yankan

Wannan nau'in baya buƙatar datti mai yin fasali na musamman. Game da cututtukan cuta ko ruɓar tushe, tsire-tsire yana buƙatar taimako na gaggawa:

Ana cire fure a hankali daga tukunyar.
Tushen rubabben abu an yanke shi kwata-kwata.
An yanke gangar jikin daga kowane bangare, mai siffar sifa, a kewayen da'irar.
Ana faranta sassan tare da gawayi mai gawayi ko gawayi.
An shigar da ganga a tsaye a cikin gilashin haske mai bushe.
Hasken yana da haske, dakatar da ruwa.

Sabbin tushe sun bayyana a cikin wata daya.

Top miya

Takin fure bayan hunturu. Top dressing yaci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen bazara. Wajibi ne don amfani da takin gargajiya na ruwa don cacti. Haɗin takin mai magani dole ne ya haɗa da microelements - chelates. Ana amfani da takin mai amfani da nitrogen a farkon farkon bazara.

Don motsa fure, sanya takin mai magani da sinadarin potassium - "Hilea for cacti and succulents". Ba a hana suturar gargajiya. A cikin kaka, ana rage ciyarwa.

Wiwi

Girman wiwi a cikin diamita ya zama ya fi 1 -1.5 cm girma fiye da tushe kanta. Tukunya ko kwandon bai kamata ya zama mai zurfi ba - substrate ɗin zai riƙe danshi mai yawa. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da kwantena na yumbu, ba sa ɗumi a rana mai haske, suna barin iska da kyau. A kasan tukunyar, dole ne ayi ramuka don magudanar ruwa.

Canja wurin

Shuka tana buƙatar dasawa kowane shekara 3, koda furen bai girma girman akwatin ba. Lokacin sake dasawa, kasar gona takan canza gaba daya.

Saboda ƙayayuwan ƙaya, matsaloli sun taso tare da tsarin dasawa. Wajibi ne don amfani da safofin hannu masu matsi ko madauri na waya na musamman - riko. Ana sanya madauki a hankali tsakanin ƙaya don kar ya karye su. Kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a turɓaya ƙasa ko sanyaya shi a cikin tanda don maganin cutar.

An ba da shawarar dasawa a farkon bazara. Tsarin dasawa:

Tare da taimakon madauki, ana cire fure a hankali daga tukunyar.
Dry da rubabben tushen harbe an yanke.
Ana sarrafa cuts ɗin tare da murƙushe kwal.
Wajibi ne a riƙe fure don kwana 2 don warkar da tushen da aka yanke.
An canja shukar, an binne tushen.
Shayarwa - ta pallet kwanaki 4 bayan dasawa.

Mahimmanci! Bayan makonni 2, bayan shayarwa, ya zama dole a ciyar da furen.

Domin dasawa echinocactus ya yi girma kai tsaye, ba tare da murdiya ba, yana da mahimmanci a sanya shi daidai a cikin sabon tukunya.

Wintering

Yanayin hunturu na fure shine 9 - 11 ° C. Ba a buƙatar ƙarin danshi na iska ba, ba da ruwa ya tsaya.

Ananan yanayin zafin jiki, ƙananan danshi da tsire-tsire ke buƙata. Daga hypothermia, launin ruwan kasa suna bayyana akan tushe, akwai haɗarin kamuwa da fungal.

Don kaucewa daskarewa daga asalinsu, ana sanya tukwane a jikin katako. Ba'a buƙatar ciyar da tsire-tsire a cikin hunturu. Hasken yana haske. Wajibi ne don haɓaka hasken shuke-shuke tare da fitilu na musamman don awanni 2 - 3 a rana.

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da kulawa ta yau da kullun echinocactus.

Kulawa a waje

A cikin sararin samaniya, Echinocactus Gruzoni baya girma cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa. A lokacin bazara, ana fitar da tukwane a baranda ko baranda a hasken rana kai tsaye. Fresh iska mai kyau don ci gaban fure. A cikin zafin rana, zaku iya fesa dasunan da dumi, tsayayyen ruwa daga kyakkyawan fesawa. Zai fi kyau a yi feshi da sassafe, kafin fitowar rana.

Sake haifuwa

Tsaba

Gogaggen masu shuka na iya shuka wannan nau'in ta hanyar shuka. Tsarin yana da wahala kuma yana da tsayi. An yi shuka a watan Afrilu. Tsaba ta yi kyau sosai. An riga an tsaba iri na 2 - 3 a cikin ruwa a zafin jiki na ɗaki. Tankin yana da fadi, ba shi da zurfin ramuka.

Tsarin shuka iri:

An zuba magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tukunyar, 3 - 4 cm.
An zubo sifunan da aka tace.
An rarraba tsaba daidai a saman, ba tare da binnewa ba.
An yafa shuka tare da bakin ciki mai laushi na cakuda ƙasa.
An rufe shuka da fim.
A greenhouse ne a kai a kai ventilated.
Seedlings ya bayyana a cikin wata daya.
Yayin da shukokin suka girma, sai su nitse cikin kwantena daban.
Kula da hankali, haske mai haske.

Yara

Yara - harbe-harbe na wannan nau'ikan sun bayyana da wuya.

Hankali! Tushen rassan idan kawai lalacewar saman ko cutar fure.

Tsarin rabuwa da yara:

Harbe-harbe tare da tushe an yanke su.
An rufe wuraren yankan da kwal.
An busar da harbi a cikin kwanaki 2 a cikin inuwa.
Ana sanya scion a cikin ƙaramin akwati tare da magudanar matattara.
Tushen an binne shi, an rufe shi da ƙasa.
Shayar bayan kwana 3 ta nutsewa.
Rooting yana faruwa da sauri, a tsakanin sati 2 zuwa 3.

Yadda ake yadawa a waje?

Iyakar shuka kawai za'a iya yadawa a waje a cikin yanayi mai dumi. Ana shuka iri sosai a cikin ɗakunan shan iska da gandun daji na musamman, inda ake ƙirƙirar yanayi na musamman don kiyaye tsirrai.

Bloom

Flowering yana faruwa a lokacin rani. Furen furanni ne rawaya, matsakaici a cikin girma, har zuwa 6 cm a diamita. Furanni - ƙararrawa suna yin furanni a madadin, waɗanda suke a saman tushe. Petals suna da kunkuntar, oblong.

Idan bai fure ba fa?

Echinocactus Gruzoni da kyar yake furewa a gida. Shuke-shuke Bloom ne kawai bayan shekaru 20 - 25.

Don haɓaka furanni, ya kamata a kiyaye tsarin mulkin hunturu - abun ciki mai sanyi da haske mai haske. A lokacin bazara, tabbatar da fitar da tukwane zuwa iska mai daɗi.

Cututtuka da kwari

Daga ambaliya da iska mai sanyi take bayyana tushen ruɓa... Gwanin gaggawa, gina sababbi, ana buƙatar dasawa.
Lightarshen rana ana magance shi ne kawai a matakan farko na rauni. Yankunan da suka lalace sun yanke. Kasar gona tana canzawa, ana bukatar dasawa.
Daga kankuru fesawa da kumfa mai sabulu zai taimaka. An rufe ƙasa da fim.
Garkuwa ana lalata su ta hanyar magance bawon kwari da ruwan inabi ko barasa. Ana cire kwari da hannu.
Fesawa da kowane irin magani zai taimaka wajan jan gizo-gizo.

5 irin shuka

Echinocactus a kwance - karamin kara, spines a matashi suna da jan launi.
Echinocactus babba (fadi-spined) yayi girma sama da 100 cm a tsayi. Furanni rawaya ne, mai siffar mazurari.
Echinocactus flat-prickly bambanta a madaidaiciya, spines mai yawa. Furen suna rawaya, har zuwa 4 - 5 cm a diamita.
Echinocactus polycephalus... Inesunƙun suna rawaya ne, na iya samun ɗan tataccen mai ɗaci, har zuwa 5 cm a tsayi. Furannin suna matsakaici, launuka rawaya.
Echinocactus texas - ƙananan tushe yana da siffar zobe. An rufe saman da farin layin gashi.

Kuna iya samun masaniya da nau'ikan echinocactus a cikin wannan labarin, kuma ga cikakken bayani game da echinocactus.

Echinocactus Gruzoni ja, ko da bayan ƙaya da aka zana ta yi girma, baya rasa kyanta da tasirin ado. Ya dace daidai cikin kowane cikin gida, baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman da kulawa.

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