Umurnin-mataki-mataki don yada orchid ta hanyar yankan gida

Tataccen orchids sun zama sanannen tsire-tsire na cikin gida wanda ke haɗuwa tare da kowane kayan ado.

Yaduwar kai na furanni masu ban sha'awa aiki ne mai wahala wanda ke buƙatar wasu ilimi.

Fasali na tsari ya dogara da nau'in orchid. Da farko kallo, wannan aiki ne na kwararru, amma bin ƙa'idodi, sabon mai sayad da furanni zai shawo kansa. Muna koyo game da rikitarwa na haifuwar orchid a cikin labarinmu.

Menene dasawa?

Yaduwar Orchid yana faruwa ne a cikin ciyayi (ta hanyar rarraba daji, ta yara ko yankanta) da kuma tsaba. Lura da cewa ba a yada bishiyar orchid da ganye, saboda ganyenta ba su da wuraren girma... Yaduwar isa isa shine zaɓi mafi wahala, kawai ƙwararrun masu noman ne suke neman hakan. Ya fi sauri da sauƙi don haɓaka kyakkyawa mai kyau daga yankan. An ba da shawarar wannan hanyar don orchids na monopodial (Phalaenopsis, Vanilla, Wanda).

Yankan hanya hanya ce wacce za'a iya yaban shuka ta hanyar kafe wani bangare na harbi, kara ko ma ganye. A matsayin yankan itacen orchid, yi amfani da saman tsire-tsire ko maɓuɓɓugan, yanke cikin gunduwa-gunduwa. An yanke itacen apical na orchid tare da asalin m. Yankunan da aka lalata suna aiki tare da carbon mai kunnawa ko fungicide. Irin wannan yankan nan da nan ana dasa shi a cikin tukwane tare da matattara na musamman kuma sanya shi a cikin greenhouse. An sanya wata uwar shuka kusa da ita. A cikin dumi mai danshi mai danshi, tip zai yi jijiya da sauri, kuma sabon harbi zai bayyana akan sauran hemp.

Yankan daga peduncles zai buƙaci ƙarin hankali. Yadda orchid yake hayayyafa ta wannan hanyar - zamuyi nazari dalla-dalla.

Mahimmanci. Fure daga shekara uku ya dace da yankan, tare da lafiyayyen tsarin tushe da ganye.

Fa'idodi da rashin amfani hanyar

Babban fa'idar dasawa shine sabon shuka ya gaji dukkan halayen mahaifiya orchid... Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga nau'ikan iri-iri masu mahimmanci. Abubuwan don yankewa koyaushe suna samuwa, kuma don ci gaban yara, ana buƙatar yanayi na musamman - bambancin yanayin zafi da tsarin mulki.

Rashin dacewar wannan hanyar sun hada da yiwuwar mutuwar yankan. Ba dukansu ne suka fitar da asalinsu ba, wasu kawai ruɓewa ne. Wani rashin fa'ida shine dogon jiran lokaci domin kafewar harbi. Na tsawon wata daya ko sama da haka, za a ajiye shi a cikin wani greenhouse kuma zai bukaci kulawa.

Shawarwari don zaɓar tsarin aikin yara

Farkon bazara shine mafi kyaun lokacin kiwo na orchids. A lokacin hunturu, sun sami ƙarfi kuma sun shirya don lokacin girma mai aiki. Don dasawa, ana ɗaukan giyar da ta kammala furanni. Dogon dogo yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyi da yawa. Dole ne tsire ya kasance mai lafiya, ba za ku iya amfani da abu daga orchid da ya sami damuwa ba.

Wajibi ne a shirya don yaduwa ta hanyar yankan. Don aiki kuna buƙatar:

• fatar kan mutum ko wuka mai kaifi;
• maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta;
• Carbon da aka kunna;
• akwatin roba tare da murfi, jaka ko kwalban filastik don greenhouse.

Yadda ake yadawa - umarnin mataki-mataki

A gida, ya kamata a aiwatar da yaduwa ta hanyar yankan kamar haka:

1. Cutar da wuka mai kaifi (albahu) tare da barasa ko maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta.
2. Yanke ƙwanƙwasa kusa da tushe kamar yadda ya yiwu.
3. Dogaro da tsayin daka, an kasu kashi-kashi na santimita 10-15. Kowane yankan yakamata ya kasance yana da toho na 2-3. Lokacin yankan, ka tuna cewa koda ya kamata ya zama ƙasa kamar yadda ya yiwu.
4. Bi da duk yankan da sassan tsire-tsire na uwa tare da iskar carbon mai aiki ko koren haske. Wannan zai kare shuka daga shigar cutar ta yankin da ya lalace.
5. Ana saka ganshin Sphagnum a ƙasan akwatin kuma a jiƙa shi. An shimfiɗa yankan a kwance a saman dutsen gansakuka. Tabbatar cewa koda ta axillary tana nunawa sama. Ba kwa buƙatar zurfafawa ko rufe su. Don kunna rooting, ana bada shawara don fesa wajan da maganin biostimulant don orchids "Augustine". Aikace-aikacen aikace - 1 kwamfutar hannu don lita 1.5 na ruwa.
6. Don ƙirƙirar greenhouse, kwandon filastik tare da murfi tare da ramuka don samun iska ya dace. Zaka iya amfani da tukunya ko wani akwati. Babban yanayin shine rufe greenhouse tare da tsare ko gilashi. Wannan zai samar da cikakken matakin danshi da ake buƙata don samuwar tushen.
7. An saka akwati tare da cuttings a wuri mai dumi inda zafin jiki bai ƙasa da 25 ° ba.
8. Kulawa da harbe ya kunshi sanya moisturizing na substrate lokaci-lokaci. Ana aiwatar da ruwa ta amfani da kwalba mai fesawa. Ana yin danshi da ruwan dumi. Jadawalin shayarwa kowane kwanaki 3-4 ne. Shoasashen waje su sami isasshen haske, amma bai kamata a fallasa su da rana ba. Wannan zai haifar da zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse ya tashi. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da ƙarin haske tare da fitilun fitila.

Ganshin Sphagnum yana da kayan ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana iya riƙe adadi mai yawa na danshi. Ba za'a iya maye gurbinsa ba yayin ƙirƙirar madafa don manya da matasa orchids.

Bayan wata daya, ganye 2-3 da asalinsu zasu bayyana akan yankan. Ana iya dasa su zuwa tukwane daban.

Hoto

A ƙasa zaku iya ganin hoton yaduwar orchid ta hanyar yankan.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Tushen farko akan matakan dole su jira kamar wata daya. Amma tsarin kiwo ba koyaushe yake bayar da sakamakon da ake so ba. Babban sanadin gazawar shine keta ka'idojin haihuwa.

Wasu masu shukawa suna tsiro tsire-tsire tare da toho ba akan sphagnum ba, amma akan ruwa. Wannan hanyar tana ba da ƙananan sakamako mai kyau. Underarƙashin tasirin haske, ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da ruɓewa suna ninkawa cikin sauri a cikin ruwa. Don inganta halin da ake ciki, zaku iya amfani da carbon mai aiki da sauye-sauyen ruwa akai-akai.

Amfani da gurbatattun kayan aiki na iya cutar da scion din da kwayoyin cuta ko fungus. Har ila yau, wannan matsalar ta samo asali ne ga kwararru. Godiya ga gogewa mai amfani, sun sami hanyar warware shi - a alamomin farko na ƙira, harbewar ana nitsar da ita a cikin maganin sinadarin potassium na minti 40-50.

Dasa itacen orchid a gida bashi da wahala kamar yadda za'a iya gani a kallon farko. A rukunin yanar gizon mu zaka samu labarai kan ka'idojin shuka fure mai tushe, haka kuma akan yaduwar nau'in Dendrobium Nobile a gida.

Canja wurin wiwi

An dasa itacen ganye da ganye a cikin wata tukunya daban. Ba a buƙatar duk aikin, kawai jaririn da ya girma daga koda ya rabu. Ga matashi, ya zama dole a shirya wani abu.

Zai buƙaci:

• bawon pine, dafaffe, bushe shi kuma an yanka shi gunduwa gun 8-10 mm a girma;
• gawayi;
• ganshin sphagnum, wanda a baya aka jika shi a cikin wani bayani na sinadarin potassium;
• karamin kumbura yumbu ko pebbles mai magudanan ruwa mai zafi.

Ya kamata tukunyar fure ta zama filastik, a fili, tare da ramuka da yawa da ke ba da damar iska kyauta. An ba da shawarar yin rigakafin cutar kafin dasa shuki. Tsarin dasawa kamar haka:

1. Ana zuba magudanan ruwa a kasan tukunyar.
2. An sanya jaririn da aka girma a kan maɓallin a tsakiyar akwatin.
3. Zuba bawon da aka gauraya da gawayi a cikin tukunyar.
4. Ana saka ganshin Sphagnum a saman.
5. Ana jika substrate da ruwan dumi daga kwalbar feshi.
6. An saka tukunyar tare da seedling a cikin wuri mai haske. Guji ɗaukar hotuna zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye da zayyana.
7. Ana shayar da ruwa na gaba cikin kwana 3.

Mahimmanci. Cutar cututtukan abubuwan maye zai kawar da bayyanar fungal da cututtukan kwayan cuta a cikin matashi, wanda bai balaga ba.

Kulawa na gaba

Samun nasara cikin nasara shine mataki na farko a yaduwar orchid. Matashiya tana buƙatar ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan yanayi don haɓaka da haɓaka. Fure mai ban sha'awa yana buƙatar haske na aƙalla awanni 12 a rana. Ana ba da shawarar sanya shi a kan taga gabas ko kudu maso gabas. Zafin jiki mai dadi ya dogara da nau'in orchid, amma matsakaicin lokacin bazara shine 18-25 °, kuma lokacin hunturu 12-15 ° ne.

Sau da yawa da wadataccen ruwa ba lallai bane ga orchid, ya fi sauƙin haƙuri rashin ƙanshi fiye da yawansa. Ruwan ya zama mai dumi, mai laushi, zai fi kyau a tafasa. Yi jike a lokacin da ya bushe.

Tsarin shayarwa ya bambanta sosai dangane da lokacin. A cikin bazara da lokacin rani, a lokacin lokacin aiki da furanni, ana yiwa Orchid danshi sau 1-2 a mako, a lokacin hunturu - sau 2 a wata. Masana sun ƙayyade buƙatar shayarwa ta launi na asalinsu, lokacin da suka zama masu haske - lokaci ya yi da za a moisturize da shuka.

Ciyar da tsire an fara shi makonni 2 bayan dasa shi. Yi amfani da takin zamani mai rikitarwa tare da ma'adanai da abubuwan alaƙa. Wani fasali na aikace-aikacen shine rage sashi da aka ba da shawarar sau 3-5.

Ana haɓaka saurin haɓaka ta ciyarwa tare da babban abun cikin nitrogen. Ana yin sa sau 2 a wata. Lokacin da orchid ya girma, ana dasa shi a cikin babbar tukunya.

Majalisar. A matsayin rigakafi, ana iya ajiye tukunya tare da orchid seedling a cikin yanayin greenhouse na wasu makonni 2.

Babban danshi yana da mahimmanci don kwanciyar hankali na orchid. Shawarwarin da aka ba da shawarar shine 60-70% dangane da nau'ikan. Shuka mai kyau ne don yayyafawa. An hana shi kawai don furannin orchid.

An orchid, wanda aka yanke ta hanyar yankan, ya yi fure a cikin shekara ta biyu ko uku ta rayuwa. Wannan tsire-tsire mai laushi da ƙwarewa yana buƙatar ƙwarewa da tsari mai kyau. Dangane da abubuwanda ake buƙata don haifuwa da kiyayewa, zai amsa da kyakkyawar fure.

Kalli bidiyon: Procurando orquídeas Episódio 1 (Yuni 2024).