Coimbra - ɗaliban babban birnin Portugal

Coimbra (Fotigal) ɗayan ɗayan kyawawan biranen Turai ne, wanda alamarta ita ce tsoffin jami'o'in ƙasar, wanda aka gina a karni na 13. Yana da lafiya a faɗi cewa wannan nau'in Oxford na Fotigal ne, ba tare da ƙananan hutu masu ban sha'awa da al'adu masu zurfi ba.

Janar bayani

Coimbra birni ne, da ke a yankin tsakiyar ƙasar, tare da mutane dubu 105. A baya can, birni shine babban birnin Portugal, amma yanzu an san shi ne kawai ga ɗayan tsofaffin jami'o'i a Turai, wanda ke da mahimmin yanki na Coimbra.

Har ila yau, garin shine cibiyar gudanarwa na Coimbra County, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙauyuka 17. A cikin duka, gundumar tana da kusan mutane 440,000.

Dangane da rigunan makamai na gundumar Coimbra, baƙon abu ne ga Fotigal: a hannun dama akwai damisa Alan, wanda alama ce ta Alans, mutanen asalin Scythian-Sarmatian.

Masana kimiyya sunyi imanin cewa ɗayan ƙungiyoyin wannan mutanen sun haifar da Ossetians da Caucasians. Norwaywa da Icelanders suma sun fito daga zuriyar Alans. Mutanen Portuguese sun tabbata cewa waɗannan mutanen suna da tushe ɗaya da mazaunan Coimbra.

Za'a iya raba Coimbra zuwa kashi 2. Babban birni tsohon yanki ne wanda ke da abubuwan tarihi, wanda ke kewaye da bango na da. "Nizhniy Gorod" yanki ne mafi girma tare da gine-ginen zamani.

Jami'ar da Makarantar Coimbra

Jami'ar Coimbra ita ce mafi tsufa kuma mafi girma cibiyar ilimi a Fotigal, wacce aka kafa a Lisbon a cikin 1290. Shekaru da yawa, ya yi ta yawo daga wannan gari zuwa wancan, kuma ya “zauna” a Coimbra kawai a cikin 1537.

Daga ƙarni zuwa ƙarni, jami'a ta faɗaɗa, kuma, a ƙarshe, ta fara mamaye babban ɓangaren Coimbra. A yau, duk ƙwarewar tunani da cibiyoyi suna cikin yankuna daban-daban na Coimbra kuma suna zaune a harabar tsoffin gine-gine, wasu daga cikinsu abubuwan tarihi ne masu mahimmanci na duniya. Ya kamata a faɗi cewa jami'ar kanta tana ƙarƙashin kariyar UNESCO tun daga 2013.

A yau, Jami'ar Coimbra tana da ƙwarewa 8 (mafi girma sune ilimin lissafi, magani da doka) da kuma cibiyoyin karatun 4. Jami'ar jami'a sanannen jagora ne a fagen ilimi a Fotigal, saboda ana karatun ilimin kimiyya da yawa a jami'ar: algebra, geometry, falsafa, makanikai, injiniya, yare daban-daban.

Kamar yadda yake a cikin sauran cibiyoyin ilimi masu zaman kansu, ana buƙatar ɗalibai a Jami'ar Coimbra su sanya kayan ɗamara: baƙaƙen baƙar fata tare da ɗamarar launuka iri-iri. Af, ribbon ɗin ba shi da aikin ado kwata-kwata: launinsa yana nufin maƙallin da ɗalibin yake karatu, kuma lambar tana nufin shekarar karatu.

Hakanan ya cancanci ambata al'ada mai ban sha'awa: bayan jarrabawar Mayu, duk ɗalibai suna ƙona ribbons ɗinsu, don haka suna yin bikin farkon hutun bazara.

Laburare

Kamar yadda yake a yawancin tsoffin cibiyoyin ilimi, Jami'ar Coimbra tana da laburare - ɗayan tsofaffi kuma mafi girma a Turai. Gininsa ya fara ne a cikin 1717, bisa umarnin Sarki João V.

An ƙirƙira ginin ne a cikin sanannen salon Baroque kuma yana da manyan zaure 3. An rufe ganuwar dukkanin harabar dakin karatun tare da tsofaffin ɗakunan katako, waɗanda littattafai da rubuce-rubuce suke kan su (akwai kusan 35,000 daga cikinsu, kuma duk an buga su kafin farkon ƙarni na 19).

Kuna iya zuwa laburaren kawai ta hanyar ganawa. Lokaci da aka shafe a ciki yana da iyaka kuma an hana ɗaukar hoto.

Tashar yanar gizon jami'a: https://visit.uc.pt/pt.

Abubuwan gani

Kowa ya san cewa jami'a da dakin karatu alamu ne na Coimbra. Koyaya, mutane ƙalilan ne suke tunani game da waɗanne abubuwan gani a cikin Coimbra na Fotigal. Jerin wuraren da suka fi ban sha'awa an ba su a ƙasa.

Coci da Haikali na Cross Cross (Santa Cruz)

Cocin da ke aiki da gidan sufi na Santa Cruz ba gine-gine da wuraren tarihi na Coimbra ne kawai ba, har ma da kaburburan sarakunan Fotigal, waɗanda ke tsakiyar garin na Lowerasa. An ɗauke su da kyau ɗayan kyawawan kyawawan ba kawai a Fotigal ba, har ma a duk Turai.

An gina cocin da gidan sufi a cikin salon Manueline, sabili da haka yana jan hankalin duk baƙi na Coimbra: fuskokin gine-ginen suna da wadataccen ado tare da stucco, zane-zanen tsarkaka suna a cikin baka, kuma cocin yana da launi daban-daban - yashi.

A ciki, haikalin ba shi da kyan gani: hasken rana yana haskakawa ta tagogin gilasai masu launuka iri-iri, kuma a tsakiyar zauren akwai tsoffin kayan aiki.

Duk da yawan shekarunsa, har yanzu ana amfani da wannan kayan kiɗan don maƙasudin sa.

• Adireshin jan hankali: Praca 8 de Maio, Coimbra 3000-300, Portugal.
• Awanni na budewa: Talata-Sat 11: 30-16: 00, Rana 14: 00-17: 00; Litinin ranar hutu ce.
• Kudin: Yuro 3
• Yanar Gizo: https://igrejascruz.webnode.pt.

Karanta kuma: Jan hankali na tashar jirgin ruwa na Setubal a Fotigal - yana da daraja ziyarci garin.

Tsohon Cathedral na Coimbra

Tsohon babban cocin Coimbra yana cikin tsakiyar gari kuma tsawon ƙarni da yawa yana jan hankalin masu yawon buɗe ido tare da facade irin na yau da kullun: tagogin da aka sassaka, manyan turrets da baka masu kyau. A cikin bangon cocin an zana su da frescoes, akwai sashin jiki. A hawa na biyu, zaku iya zuwa wani ƙaramin yanki wanda yake kallon rufin birni. Kusa da wuri mai tsarki akwai kyakkyawan lambu da ɗayan manyan murabba'ai a Coimbra.

An gina haikalin a karni na 12, kuma a cikin 2013 an saka shi a cikin Lissafin al'adun UNESCO. Tun daga wannan lokacin, shaharar wannan wurin ta ƙaru sau da yawa.

• Wurin jan hankali: Largo da Sé Velha, 3000-306 Coimbra, Portugal.
• Awanni na budewa: 10: 00-17: 30, Rana da hutun addini - 11: 00-17: 00.
• Ofar: 2.5 €.

Yankin Mondego (Parque Verde do Mondego)

Mondego Park kyakkyawa ce, kyakkyawar wuri mai kyau don tafiya da shakatawa, wanda ke gefen kogin. A cikin yankin kore akwai benci da benchi da yawa, inda Fotigal yakan sha hutawa, saboda yanayin Coimbra koyaushe yana da dumi. Idan ku ma kun gaji, to kuna iya shimfida darduma a hankali ku huta a kan ciyawa ko hutu - wannan halin maraba ne kawai.

A cikin wurin shakatawa akwai titi tare da busts na shahararrun mutane, kuma tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa suna girma a nan, wanda, tare da taimakon masu kula da lambu, suka sami sifa iri-iri. Akwai maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a tsakiyar kogin a lokacin rani.

Hakanan babu matsaloli game da abinci: akwai gidajen cin abinci da yawa, gidajen shayi da shagunan kayan tarihi.

• Wuri: Avenida da Lousa - Parque Verde, Coimbra, Portugal.

Atureananan portugal

Themeananan filin shakatawa yana bakin bankin Mondego River, a cikin sabon garin. Wannan wuri mai ban mamaki ana iya raba shi zuwa yanayi 3: sashi na farko na baje kolin an sadaukar da shi ne ga binciken da matuƙan jirgin ruwan Fotigal, na biyu - ga abubuwan da ke gani na Coimbra da ƙasar gaba ɗaya, da na uku - zuwa ƙauyen Fotigal. A cikin wannan wurin zaku iya koyon komai game da rayuwa a cikin Fotigal, a zamanin da da kuma cikin duniyar zamani.

Idan kuna tafiya tare da yaro, to ziyartar wannan wurin shakatawa ya zama dole ne kawai: akwai ƙananan gidaje da yawa, da kuma masks masu ban dariya waɗanda zasu dace da ɗanɗanon ɗanku.

• Wurin jan hankali: Jardim do Portugal dos Pequenitos, Coimbra 3040-202, Portugal.
• Awanni na buɗewa: daga 16 ga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu 28/29 - daga 10 zuwa 17, daga Maris zuwa ƙarshen Mayu da kuma daga 16 ga Satumba zuwa 15 ga Oktoba - daga 10 zuwa 19, daga Yuni zuwa Satumba 15 - daga 9 zuwa 20.
• Kudin: don manya - 10 €, ga yara (shekaru 3-13) da tsofaffi (65 +) - 6 €.
• Tashar yanar gizon: www.fbb.pt.

Filin 8 Mayu (Praça Oito de Maio)

Filin Oito de Maio na ɗaya daga cikin manyan murabbarorin jami'a a Coimbra kuma yana cikin tsakiyar Old Town, kusa da Cocin na Holy Cross. Wannan kyakkyawan wuri ne da yaren Portugal da yawon bude ido ke taruwa da yamma. Af, ana iya ganin wannan yanki a mafi yawan hotunan da aka ɗauka a Coimbra.

A amince zamu iya cewa wannan dandalin shine cibiyar zamantakewar al'umma. Akwai wuraren shakatawa da yawa, gidajen abinci, sanduna da shaguna a nan. Kuma a karshen mako, akwai kasuwar gida inda manoman Fotigal ke sayar da kayayyakinsu.

Za ku kasance da sha'awar: Wani ɗakin sujada da aka yi da ƙasusuwan mutane da sauran abubuwan jan hankali a Evora.

Kimiyyar Kimiyya

Akwai gidajen tarihi da yawa a yankin Jami'ar Coimbra, ɗayan ɗayan shine kimiyya. Wannan wuri ne mai ban mamaki, domin a nan kowa na iya jin kamar ƙwararren masanin kimiyya kuma yana gudanar da jerin gwaje-gwaje /

Hakanan gidan adana kayan tarihin yana da nune-nunen nune-nunen da suka shafi kimiyyar lissafi, ilmin dabbobi, ilimin kasa, ilimin halittu.

Za'a iya raba gidan kayan tarihin zuwa gida biyu: na farko (tsohuwa) da kuma na biyu (na zamani). An gabatar da nune-nune na tarihi a bangaren "dadadden" na gidan kayan tarihin, kuma ginin da kansa, wanda aka gina a karni na 16, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.

An gina ɓangaren zamani na alamar kwanan nan kwanan nan, kuma a nan ne aka ba wa baƙi damar gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwajen.

Akwai shagon kyauta da ƙaramin cafe kusa da gidan kayan gargajiya.

• Wuri: Largo Marques de Pombal, Coimbra 3000-272, Portugal.
• Awanni na budewa: daga 9:00 zuwa 13:00 kuma daga 14:00 zuwa 17:00 kowace rana, sai dai a ranakun hutun hukuma.
• Farashin: 5 €, akwai rahusa ga yara, ɗalibai da tsofaffi.

Kwalejin ilimi na Coimbra

Jami'ar Coimbra Prison Academic an kirkireshi ne musamman don daliban da ba su dace ba. A cikin adalci, ya kamata a ce cewa wannan wurin ba shi da kama da kurkukun da aka sani, saboda daga cikin matsalolin ba za mu iya lura da rashin tagogin tagogi da gurnin ƙarfe na ƙofar ba. Amma ga sauran, "ɗakunan kurkuku" suna kama da tsohon otal na ƙarni na 16-17.

A yau, a kan yankin tsohuwar kurkukun, akwai ƙaramin gidan kayan gargajiya inda zaku iya zagaya ɗakunan gidan ku ga yadda fursunonin suka rayu.

• Inda za a sami ma'anar sha'awa: Largo da Porta Ferrea - Foyer da Biblioteca Geral | Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra 3040-202, Portugal.
• Awanni na budewa: 9:00 - 19:00.

Yadda ake zuwa Coimbra

Hanyar sadarwar sufuri a Fotigal tana da ci gaba sosai, sabili da haka ba shi da wahala kwata-kwata daga gari zuwa wancan.

Kuna iya zuwa Coimbra daga Lisbon ta:

• Bas

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don zuwa Coimbra. Na farko yana farawa a tashar motar Lisboa Sete Rios kuma ya ƙare a tashar Coimbra.

Motoci suna barin kowane minti 15-30 (wani lokaci ana yanka guda 2-3 a lokaci guda) daga 7:00 zuwa 23:30. Lokacin tafiya shine awanni 2 na mintina 20. Masu ɗauka - Rede Expressos da Citi Express. Kudin cikakken tikiti 13.8 € (Nuwamba 2017). Za a iya siyan tikiti a rede-expressos.pt.

Idan zaɓi na farko bai dace da wasu dalilai ba, to zaku iya bada fifiko ga na biyu: farkon farawa shine Martim Moniz (layin 208). Takeauki bas ɗin Carris Lisboa daga gare shi zuwa tashar Lisboa Oriente. Na gaba, canza zuwa motar Auto Viacao do Tamega. Auki shi daga tashar Lisboa Oriente zuwa Coimbra. Lokacin tafiya - awa 4 da mintina 40. Kudin duk tafiyar zata kai € 16-25.

• Ta jirgin kasa

Idan ka fi son jirgin, to ya kamata ka fara tafiyarka da jirgin. Tashar Lisboa Santa Apolonia. Auki Railway Railways (CP) Intercity jirgin zuwa tashar Coimbra-B. Lokacin tafiya - awa 1 minti 45. Farashin tikiti ya fara daga 15 zuwa 30 €.

Kwatanta farashin Masauki ta amfani da wannan Fom din

Kuna iya zuwa Coimbra daga Porto ta:

• Bas

Akwai motocin bas da yawa da ke gudu daga Porto (galibi daga kamfanin Fotigal na Rede-Expressos).

Kusa da Campo 24 de Agosto, tashar tashar jirgin kasa ta Porto akwai tashar bas don Coimbra. Lokacin tafiya - awa 1 30 mintuna. Kudin tafiya 12 €.

Ana iya samun farashin yanzu da jadawalin lokaci akan gidan yanar gizon mai ɗaukar hoto rede-expressos.pt.

• Ta jirgin kasa

Tashi daga Filin Jirgin Sama na Campanh. Tashar karshe ita ce Coimbra B (duk da haka, tana nesa da tsakiyar Coimbra, don haka daga wannan tashar zaku iya ɗaukar kowane jirgin ƙasa na yanki ku isa tashar Coimbra A, wacce take a tsakiyar garin). Farashin ya bambanta daga 9 zuwa 22 €, ya danganta da nau'in jirgin ƙasa da kuma ajiyar keken. Lokacin tafiya shine awa 1.5-3. Kuna iya gano jadawalin yanzu da siyan tikiti akan gidan yanar gizon www.cp.pt.

Duk farashin akan shafin na watan Afrilu ne na 2020.

A bayanin kula! An gabatar da darajar mafi kyawun rairayin bakin teku a Fotigal a wannan shafin.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa

1. Har zuwa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yawan mutanen Coimbra suna haɗuwa da ayyukan jami'a: su ɗalibai ne, ma'aikata da malamai.
2. Birnin yana da tashar yanar gizon hukuma - www.cm-coimbra.pt. Yana bayar da bayanai kan abubuwan da suka faru da abubuwan jan hankali, saka hannun jari, ilimi, da sauransu.
3. A 2004, filin wasan Coimbra ya dauki bakuncin wasannin Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Turai.
4. Lambun Botanical na Municipal shine mafi tsufa kuma mafi girma a Fotigal.

Coimbra (Fotigal) ɗayan ɗayan kyawawan biranen Turai ne kuma ya cancanci ziyara.

Yadda birni ke kallo daga sama da manyan abubuwan jan hankali a ciki - kalli bidiyon.