Ta yaya za a taimaka geranium na sarauta idan ganyensa ya zama rawaya kuma me za ayi idan akwai wasu cututtuka?
Royal geraniums babu shakka zasu yiwa taga ko lambarka ado kuma zasu kawo dumi da ta'aziyya ga yanayin.
Wannan tsiron yana da kyau sosai, yana da ganye mai siffar sabon abu. Manyan, furanni masu launi masu haske tare da gefuna masu raɓa suna rarrabe geranium daga wasu shuke-shuke. Wannan ƙawa yana sa mutum ya daina kallonsa kuma ya saurari kyau.
Amma wannan "sarauniyar" tana da saurin kamawa kuma tana iya kamuwa da cututtuka da yawa. Menene waɗannan cututtuka da yadda ake magance su, za mu bincika a wannan labarin.
Halayen Botanical
Sarki geranium shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire ko tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire... Ganyen geranium na sarauta yatsun yatsa ne, yana motsi a gefuna. Mai tushe suna da rassa, madaidaiciya kuma masu rarrafe.
Shuka na iya sakar. Daji mai fadi ne. Ba a miƙe Peduncles ba, suna kan matakin daidai da harbe-harbe. Furanni kala-kala. babban santimita 10-15 a diamita. 'Ya'yan itacen capsule ne da sepals waɗanda ke buɗe sama. Geranium ana yada shi ta hanyar tsaba da yankakku.
Wurin girma na geranium na sarauta shine Kudancin Amurka. Shuke-shuke thermophilic ne, baya yin hibernate a cikin filin budewa.
Hoto
Duba karin hotunan manyan cututtukan tsire-tsire da hanyoyin maganin su.
Cututtuka da maganin su
Ba tare da dalili ba geranium na sarauta ke ɗaukar taken "sarauniya", yana da matukar kamala kuma yana fuskantar ci gaban cututtuka.
Matsalar ganye
M matsala - ganye ya zama rawaya ya fadi - ci gaba a cikin shuka don dalilai da yawa:
- idan ganyen rawaya ya kasance na roba ko bushewa ya bayyana a gefuna, wannan rashin laima ne;
- idan ganyayyaki masu launin rawaya suna da rauni kuma suna ɓarna, wannan wucewar danshi ne;
- idan ganye rawaya bashi da alamomin alamomin batun laima, to shukanin kawai bashi da wadatattun abubuwan gina jiki.
Don mayar da tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar sarrafa watering, ya zama matsakaici, amma a lokaci guda ya isa. Kuma, kowane mako biyu, yana da daraja aiwatar da ciyarwar yau da kullun na geranium.
A bayanin kula. Sau da yawa, masu shuka suna fuskantar reddening na gefunan ganye. Dalilin ci gaban wannan cuta shine ƙarancin zafin jiki na iska.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana shuka ƙwayar cuta a cikin watanni masu sanyi na shekara, a wannan lokacin ana ba da shawarar cire geraniums daga tagogi da baranda don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau a gare ta.
Bayyanar da tushe da faduwa daga kasan rawanin
Dalilin cutar shine rashin haske.
Don adana shukar, kuna buƙatar matsar da shi zuwa wuri mai haske. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to yana da daraja ƙirƙirar wadataccen haske mai yawa don geraniums ta amfani da na'urorin haske tare da ƙafafun hasken rana.
Bushewa da fadowa da buds
Dalilin cutar shine tsananin danshi da kuma yawan shayar shuka.
Don kare geranium, yana da ƙimar samar da bushewar yanayi a cikin ɗakin da shukar take zaune. Kuma kuma kuna buƙatar taƙaita ɗan lokaci na ɗan lokaci.
Shuka ba ta yin fure a cikin yanayin cikin gida
Dalilin rashin fure na iya zama masu zuwa:
- ƙananan launi na rana;
- babu bambanci tsakanin zafin rana da dare;
- shukar tayi yawa
Don adana halin, kuna buƙatar dakatar da takin zamani na ɗan lokaci kuma ku samar da isasshen haske.
Hakanan zaka iya matsar da shukar zuwa wani ɗaki, inda zazzabin iska zai canza.
Don haɓaka fure mai shuke-shuke, ana ba da shawarar aiwatar da itacen geraniums na shekara-shekara, kuma rassan da suka rage bayan aikin za a iya amfani da su don haifuwa.
Babu buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a buɗe
Cutar na iya bunkasa saboda:
- mummunan zafi a cikin watanni masu dumi na shekara;
- wuce gona da iri ko rashin isasshen abinci mai gina jiki.
Don tsirar ta fure kuna buƙata:
- ruwa mafi yalwa a musamman ranaku masu zafi;
- sake shirya tukwane tare da geraniums a cikin inuwa ko m inuwa;
- a lokacin girma, yana da daraja ƙimar barin takin mai magani.
Me yasa padsy na ruwa masu laushi suke bayyana kuma menene abin yi?
Abubuwan da ke haifar da irin wannan ci gaban akan ganye:
- wadataccen ruwa a yanayin ƙarancin iska;
- rashin haske.
Ta yadda shuka ba ta cutar da shi kuna buƙatar tsara yanayin haɓaka masu kyau a gare shi:
- rage ruwa;
- kara yawan zafin jiki na daki;
- shigar da wucin gadi ko ƙarin haske.
Alternaria da cercosporosis
Waɗannan cututtukan fungal ne. Suna harba ganyen - manyan busassun wuraren ƙanƙano sun bayyana. A gefen ɓangaren ruwan kasa, ganye ya zama rawaya, kuma ƙarshe ya faɗi gaba ɗaya.
Magana. Ci gaban cututtuka yana haɓaka ta babban ɗumi da zafi.
Matakan sarrafawa:
- cire ganyen da ke dauke da cutar kafin su mutu gaba daya;
- a farkon lokacin girbi, yi wa shukar shuki da kayan gwari.
Tushen ruba
Wata cuta da fungi Pythium da Rhizoctonia suka haifar.
Dalilin ci gaba:
- yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa;
- babban zafin jiki don ci gaban dadi;
- yawan nitrogen a cikin ƙasa;
- ragowar sassan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙasa;
- kaifi canje-canje a yanayin iska.
Don kare tsire da kuke buƙata:
- yi amfani da matattarar iska;
- kungiyar isasshen haske;
- samar da shuka da iska mai kyau;
- gudanar da magani tare da kayan gwari masu tsari.
Ciwon ƙwayoyin cuta
Dalilan ci gaban cutar sune:
- zafi mara kyau;
- yanayin ruwa;
- kasancewar kwayar cuta a cikin ruwan ban ruwa.
Don haka cewa shuka ba ta cutar da ku ba:
- kula da matsakaicin matakin iska mai laushi;
- kare shuka daga zafi;
- guji fesawa da samun ruwan sama akan ganyen geranium;
- ciyar da kayan abinci tare da babban abun ciki na potassium;
- gudanar da magani tare da jami'ai masu dauke da tagulla.
Mahimmanci! Kwayoyin cuta masu cutar cuta koyaushe suna cikin kasar, don haka dole ne kasar ta shiga dukkan matakai na sarrafa kayan gona kafin dasa shukoki.
Lightarshen bala'i
Wakilin da ke haddasa shi shine naman kaza Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan. Dukan tsiron an rufe shi da tabo daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Da sauri kuwa shukar tana bushewa tana bushewa.
Dalilin kunna pathogen:
- waterlogging na kasar gona;
- wuce gona da iri;
- yawan taki;
- kaifi canje-canje a cikin yanayin iska.
Zaka iya kaucewa ci gaban cutar idan:
- samar da wurin da geraniums ke girma da iska mai kyau;
- dauki alhakin kula da zabi na ingancin sako-sako da substrates;
- gudanar da magani tare da kayan gwari - Ridomil, Previkur.
Ruwan toka
Tare da ci gaban wannan cuta ta fungal, ɗumbin launuka masu launin dunƙule suna bayyana a ɓangaren iska na shuka, kuma fure mai launin toka-toka ta rufe dukkan ɓangaren ƙananan geranium. Da sauri shukar ta bushe ta mutu.
Dalilin ci gaba:
- ƙara danshi na substrate;
- rashin iska mai kyau a wurin da geraniums ke tsiro;
- yawan nitrogen a cikin ƙasa;
- yawan feshin ƙasa na shuka.
Don kare tsire-tsire da kuke buƙata:
- a hankali a bi dokokin fasahar noma;
- a farkon bayyanuwar cutar, bi da tsirrai tare da kayan gwari masu tsari - Vitaros, Fundazol.
Matakan kariya
Ta yadda geranium baya cutuwa yana da kyau a dauki dukkan matakan da za'a iya amfani dasu don magance cututtukan kwayoyin cuta da na fungal na shuka:
- ƙasa don ci gaban geraniums bai kamata ya zama mai ruwa da ruwa mai yawa ba;
yawan abubuwan gina jiki a cikin kasa ya kamata ya cika bukatun shuka;
- ƙasa bai kamata ya cika shi da nitrogen ba;
- kafin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar samar da ƙasa da kyakkyawan tsarin magudanar ruwa don kare geranium daga danshi da kuma, daga baya, ruɓewar tushe;
- Kada ku shayar da geraniums tare da shayarwa da iko. don kada danshi ya hau kan ganyen shukar;
- tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da wuya, idan zai yiwu daban;
- dole ne a tsabtace ƙasar a kai a kai na sharan shuke-shuke, haka nan za a sassauta ta kuma yi laushi.
Kammalawa
Idan duk yanayin jin dadi don ci gaban al'ada da ci gaban shuka an ƙirƙira su, amma yana nuna wasu alamun alamun ci gaban cututtuka, ba shi da daraja ɗaukar matakan kariya na musamman.
Domin geranium na masarauta suyi girma na dogon lokaci kuma su farantawa gidan rai tare da kyansa, yana da kyau a koma amfani da kayan gwari, magungunan ƙwari ko wasu ƙwarewa na musamman cikin lokaci.