Sanin tare da gloxinia Rosalind: hoto, kwatanci da sifofin kulawa

Akwai shuke-shuke da ke jan hankali a farkon gani. Gloxinia irin wannan fure ne. Tana lashe zukata tare da alheri, wayewa, haske na musamman ba kawai ga masoyan fure ba, har ma ga ƙwararrun masu kula da lambu. Ganin fure, kai tsaye kana son ɗauka tare da kai. Amma, kamar sauran wakilan ban mamaki na flora, shukar tana da asirai waɗanda ke da mahimmanci a san lokacin da suke girma.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi magana game da yadda ake haɓaka wannan fure mai kyau, menene cututtukan da zasu iya shafar sa da kuma bayyana fasalin haifuwarsa.

Tarihin bayyana da kwatancen tsirrai

A ƙarshen karni na 18, masu jirgin ruwa sun kawo fure mai ban sha'awa zuwa nahiyarmu. tsire-tsire ya sami sunansa saboda ɗayan membobin balaguron, wani matashi likita kuma mai son kyakkyawa, Benjamin Gloxin. Homelandasarta tana dauke da yanayin daji na Brazil, Kudancin Amurka, Peru, yankin duwatsu na Mexico. Koyaya, labarin gloxinia bai ƙare a can ba.

Bayan wani lokaci, masu bincike a fagen ilimin tsirrai sun gano wani fure mai kamanni da halaye, amma tushen tsarin daban. Sunanta shine Sinningia, bayan Wilhelm Sinning, mai kiwo a Jami'ar Bonn. Kamar yadda ya fito daga baya, gloxinia da sinningia iri daya ne. Ta hanyar kokarin wannan mutumin, ire-iren jinsin halittu da iri sun bayyana.

Gloxinia tsire-tsire ne na yau da kullun tare da rhizome na tuberous. Jigon gajere ne, mai ƙarfi, mai jiki. Ganyayyaki kore ne mai haske, mai ɗamara, mai kama da sifa. An rarrabe furanni da fasali:

• siffar mazugi;
• tubular;
• a cikin hanyar takalma;
• gwangwani.

Ta wurin zanen fure: Terry, semi-double, with gering edging. Launuka sun bambanta, ya danganta da nau'ikan. Haɗuwa da tabarau biyu a lokaci ɗaya mai yiwuwa ne.

Dogaro da diamita na rotse:

1. misali fiye da 25 cm;
2. karamin 15-25 cm;
3. ƙarami 5-15 cm;
4. micro gloxinia kasa da 5cm.

Fasali:

Magana! Akwai kusan nau'ikan 25 a cikin yanayi, dukkansu sun kasance daga manyan nau'i biyu: Gloxinia Beautiful da Royal.

Daga cikin su Ina so in haskaka iri-iri na Rosalind.

Wannan kyakkyawa tare da suna mai ban mamaki yana da kamshi mai laushi mai laushi. Dalili na bango na buds yana da fari tare da edon kodon tare da gefen. Petals suna da girma, suna da ƙarfi, suna kama da mazugi. Fiye da 12wayoyi 12 za'a iya sanyawa akan ƙwanƙwasa ɗaya, a kusa da koren ganye masu haske. A iri-iri ne karami a cikin size. Lokacin da aka kula da ita da kyau, Rosalinda tana da yalwa mai ɗorewa.

Hoto

Kalli hoton Rosalind's Gloxinia:

Ta yaya kuma a ina za a shuka?

Kowace shekara furen cikin gida yana buƙatar sabunta ƙasa... Lokaci mafi kyau don dasa shuki ana ɗaukar ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris. A wannan lokacin, tsarin cin ganyayyaki yana farawa. Kayan dasa ya kamata su zama matasa, masu yawa, karami a cikin girma, ba shi da siffa da ruɓa.

Ya kamata ka fara zaɓar kwantena don shuka. Fayau ya zama mara zurfi, idan zai yiwu ta yumbu ne, tare da magudanan magudanar ruwa a ƙasan aƙalla cm 2. Yana da mahimmanci ƙasa a cikin tukunyar tana cikin yanayin ɗaki da danshi Wajibi ne don dasa shuki a hankali, daidai tare da dunƙulen ƙasa, yafa masa ƙasa mai sabo. Koyaya, kada ku danna ƙasa da ƙarfi kuma kada ku danna, tunda kayan dasa abubuwa ne masu rauni. Yakamata a nuna tubers na Gloxinia rabinsa daga ƙasa. A ƙarshen aikin shuka, ya kamata a dasa shukar, amma babban abu ba shine a cika shi ba.

Bukatun ƙasa

Yawancin lokaci lyasa salted mai sauƙi don shuka... Don shirya shi da kanku, yakamata ku ɗauki ɓangaren humus da ninki biyu na ƙasar da take da shuɗi. Mix dukkan kayan haɗin. Don kauce wa ci gaba da cututtukan fungal da aka gabatar tare da ƙasa, dole ne a ƙayyade abubuwan da aka gyara na tsawon minti 30.

Mahimmanci! Needsasar tana buƙatar ta zama sako-sako, numfasawa, wadatar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana amfani da Vermiculite da perlite a matsayin masu wargazawa.

Idan ba zai yiwu a shirya ƙasa da hannunka ba, zaka iya siyan cakuda ƙasa a cikin shagunan lambu.

Hasken wuta

Kamar sauran nau'ikan Gloxinia, Rosalind yana matukar son haske, ban da hasken rana mai shiga ciki. Bayan duk wannan, za su iya barin ƙonawa a jikin ganyayyaki. Fiye da duka, tsire-tsire ya fi son hasken haske.... An ba shi izinin barin gloxinia a cikin inuwa mai jujjuya, amma ganyayyaki na iya shimfiɗawa.

Don kulawa mai kyau, ya kamata a sanya begonias akan tagogin da ke fuskantar gabas da yamma. A gefen arewa rana bata isa ba, amma a kudu zaiyi zafi lokacin rani. Idan akwai wadataccen haske, launin furen zai zama kore mai duhu, ganyayyaki a cikin robobin za su kasance a kwance, tushe zai kasance gajere. Akasin haka, tare da ƙarancin haske, ganye yana girma a tsaye zuwa sama.

Kulawa

Don samun kyakkyawan sakamako yayin girma gloxinia, dole ne a ƙirƙiri waɗannan yanayi masu zuwa:

• Yanayin mafi kyau duka da yanayin ɗumi a cikin ɗakin ya zama a matakin + 20-24 ° С, zafi 50-70%. A lokacin hunturu, yana da mahimmanci don rage zafin jiki zuwa + 15 ° C. Koyaya, a wannan lokacin ne akwai buƙatar ku kiyaye, saboda manyan cututtukan fungal suna haɓaka cikin ƙasa mai sanyi da danshi.
• Yana da mahimmanci ga furen cikin gida don samar da awanni 14 na hasken rana. A lokacin sanyi, za a buƙaci ƙarin tushen haske.
• Lokacin moisturizing, kuna buƙatar zama mai laushi sosai don kada ruwan ya hau kan tsire-tsire. Zai fi kyau a ciyar da ruwa ta hanyar rage butar fure a cikin kwandon ruwa. A tsakanin ruwan sha, saman ƙasa ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Yana da kyau a dauki ruwa don ban ruwa da aka tace, ba tare da gishiri da datti ba, dan kadan ya fi zafin dakin.
• Daga farkon bazara zuwa kaka, yana da mahimmanci ciyar da fure. Yayin aikin ciyayi, don ci gaban aiki, sa takin mai ma'adinai dauke da nitrogen. Musamman yayin lokacin furanni, yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da babban abun ciki na potassium da phosphorus. Da farkon kaka, bai kamata ku ciyar ba.
• A lokacin bazara, an fi sanya gloxinia a baranda. Ba ta da kyau game da yin iska.
• Kamar yadda ake buƙata, ya kamata ku deɓe busassun fure, ku sassauta ƙasa, ku fesa, ku cire ƙura daga ganyen, ku duba shuka don kwari.

Cututtuka da kwari masu cutarwa

Mafi sau da yawa, matsala tare da fure na faruwa ne sakamakon kulawar da ba ta dace ba. Musamman cutarwa ga shuka - wuce haddi danshi... Bayan wadataccen danshi, rashin ruwa mai yiwuwa ne. Wannan yana haifar da lalacewar tsarin tushen, ɓarna a cikin aikinsa, to, mummunan aikin ya bazu zuwa ganye. Ganyen kuma sun fara bushewa suna ruɓawa. A cikin irin wannan yanayin, lalacewar launin toka tana jin daɗi. Yana da wahala a yaki wannan lamari, amma yana yiwuwa. Ana amfani da mafita na musamman na kayan gwari, da 1% na ruwa na Bordeaux.

Hankali! Humara yawan ɗanshi a cikin ɗaki da rashin cikakken iska na haifar da ciwan fulawa, wanda ke da farar fure akan ganyen begonia.

Idan ba a dauki matakan a kan lokaci ba, shukar, farawa daga ganye, ta bushe. Irin wannan annoba ya kamata a yi yaƙi da taimakon kayan gwari.

Wani cuta ne mai hadarin gaske gloxinia - tushen rot... Alamomin sa: itacen yana da tabo mai ruwan kasa, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya zama launin ruwan kasa, kuma inflorescences da harbe sun sami launin baƙar fata. Kullun yana ruɓewa a gindi. Dalilan wannan sune yawan danshi ko ruwan sanyi.

Kwari kamar su aphids, whiteflies, gizo-gizo mites, thrips, caterpillars na iya haifar da ƙananan matsaloli ga Rosalind. Hanyoyi mafi inganci na yakar su shine shirye-shiryen maganin kwari. Hakanan yana da daraja sake shuka fure da canza ƙasa.

Don guje wa irin wannan matsala, ana ba da shawarar yin bincike na yau da kullun, saboda ya fi sauƙi a gyara matsaloli a matakan farko.

Sake haifuwa

Gloxinia ana kiwon su ta irin wadannan hanyoyin:

• tsaba;
• takardar
• rikewa;
• 'ya'yan kishi;
• kwalliyar kafa;
• rabo daga tubers.

Hanya mafi sauki kuma mafi tabbaci ita ce ta yaduwar gloxinia tare da ganye ko yanka... Abu ne mai sauƙin aiwatarwa, tsire-tsire suna da tushe tare da babban yiwuwar. Hakanan, waɗannan hanyoyi guda biyu suna ba da damar samun sabon fure, yayin riƙe duk halayen mahaifiya: launi na baya, nau'in harbe-harbe.

Sake haifuwa tare da taimakon tsaba kai tsaye, a gida aiki ne mai wahala. Ana buƙatar yanayin greenhouse da lokaci mai yawa don yaɗuwar iri, kafewa da kuma ɗaukan tsirrai. Sabili da haka, hanyar yaduwar iri ta dace da gonakin fure.

Hanyar tubalin gloxinia mai zafi ce, ba a tabbatar da sakamakon ba, kuma zaka iya cutar da mahaifiya. Koyaya, wannan hanyar tana faruwa.

Zaɓin kiwo na Peduncle ana ɗaukarsa mai wahalaamma mai ban sha'awa a lokaci guda. Ba ya cutar da tsire-tsire, yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako a ƙarshe.

Idan kun tsara kulawa daidai, ku bi duk ƙa'idodi - lallai sakamakon zai faranta. Gloxinia Rosalinda zata kawata gidan da furannin kuma ta samar da wani yanayi na musamman, mai dadi a ciki.

Bugu da ari, bidiyo mai fa'ida kan batun "Kula da gloxinia a gida":

Kalli bidiyon: TRÊS DICAS PARA CULTIVAR GLOXÍNIA (Satumba 2024).