Nasihu masu amfani don dasa shuki da kulawa da begonia maras kyau a gida
Kwanan nan, beonia ampelous ya shahara. Ta cancanci a yaba mata saboda tana da kyau sosai. Ta yaya ba za ku so tsire-tsire mai laushi mai haske, mai haske da asymmetrical wanda aka tsara ta furanni masu siffofi da launuka daban-daban?
Babban fa'idar wannan tsiron shine kulawa marar kyau. Koda masu farawa zasu iya rike shi bayan nazarin wannan kayan.
Menene wannan tsiron?
A cikin karni na 17, yayin balaguron kimiyya zuwa tsibiran da ke kusa da Kudancin Amurka, masana ilimin tsirrai sun ci karo da wani tsiro mai ban mamaki. Shekaru uku ba a ambaci suna ba, amma bayan wannan lokacin sun sanya shi a tsakanin sauran al'adun tsire-tsire, suna sanya shi don girmamawa ga wanda ya shirya tafiyar binciken kimiyya, Mista M. Begon. Bayan lokaci, sai aka gano sabbin ire-iren halittun, suna binciken dazuzzuka a Kudancin Amurka, Indiya, Asiya da Afirka.
Magana! A yau, a cikin daji, akwai nau'o'in begonias fiye da dubu, kuma akwai ƙananan ƙarancin girma sau goma da ke girma a cikin gidaje.
Me zai hana ku yi ado da gidan ku da tukunyar wannan tsiron? Sun ƙaunaci soyayya da ɓacin rai saboda tsananin hasken furanni da rashin wayewa.... Tana da fure-fure-fure-fure-fure-fure wadanda aka tsara ta da ganyayyaki masu alamar asymmetrical, saboda wanda yawancin masu sana'ar talla ke rikita ta da peonies ko camellias. Da wuya ta girma sama da 50 cm.
Yanayin girma
Domin amintacciyar kasar Begonia don farantawa da yalwar furanni, yana da mahimmanci a tsara kulawa mai kyau dashi. Wani zafin jiki ya kamata a kiyaye shi a cikin ɗakin? Menene ya kamata ya zama zafi?
Zazzabi
Ampel begonia yana girma a gida idan zafin ɗakin yakai + 14-22 digiri Celsius. Idan yayi karfi sosai, shukar zai daina girma da bunkasa. Da farkon lokacin hunturu, samar da zaman lafiya ga fure... An tono Begonia da ke girma a cikin lambun don cire tubers a wurin da zazzabin zai kasance + 5-12 5С.
Yawan zafin jiki yakamata ya zama iri ɗaya kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Guji zayyanawa lokacin yin iska.
Hasken wuta
Ampel begonias basa son hasken rana kai tsaye. Ana sanya su a kan windowsill, inda haske, kodayake yana da haske, amma yana yaɗuwa. A karkashin hasken rana, tukunyar da ke tare da shi ana ajiye shi ne kawai na awanni 2-3 na safe da yamma, watau tada fim din nunawa. Yawan hasken rana zai zo da sauki a ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da yanayin zafin jiki ya fara sauka a hankali.
Zafi
Gida na begonias - ƙasashe masu yanayin zafi... Bakin burodi na ampelous yana son zafi, amma ana kiyaye laima kusan 60%. Ana yin feshi na farko a farkon bazara, har sai burodin sun samu. Ruwan digo na ruwa bai kamata ya faɗi a kan ganye da ƙwarya ba. Saboda su, sun zama rawaya, wanda ke wahalar da samun furen mai kyau.
Hankali! Me za a yi idan yanayi ya yi zafi a ƙarshen watan Agusta? Shuka zai sha wahala ba tare da ƙarin firiji ba. A wannan lokacin, pallet yana taimakawa da yawa, wanda aka sanya ƙarƙashin tukunyar, bayan an cika shi da rigar pebbles, peat ko sawdust.
Karanta game da namo da haifuwa na beonias ampelous a cikin wannan labarin.
Ta yaya kuma yaushe zaku iya shuka ku sake shuka?
Kyakkyawan samfurin amosanin beonia ana samun sa idan tuber yana da ƙarfi da lafiya (karanta game da begonia tubrous nan). A cikin shagon fulawa, ba sa sayen na farkon da suka ci karo da shi, sai wanda yake da ƙoshin lafiya kuma zai wuce santimita uku a diamita. Lokacin zabar tubers na ƙananan furanni, ana ba da fifiko ga samfuran samfuran da ba su da tabo da lalacewa. Yakamata su sami matsatstsun saman kuma duk wani kumburi da yayi kama da kumburi da kumburi bai kamata ya lalace ba.
Kafin dasa tubers a cikin ƙasa, kiyaye su tare da ƙananan, gefen gwangwani a kan mayafin da aka jiƙa da ruwa. Za a iya amfani da yashi mai danshi maimakon. Don kada kayan shuka su bace, ana fesawa lokaci zuwa lokaci da ruwa ko maganin Epin. Lokacin da buds suka ba da ƙananan farin asalin, za ku iya dasa tubers ɗin a ƙasa. An dasa shukar lokacin da ta daina dacewa a tukunyar... Sun zaɓi babban akwati mafi sauƙi kuma kawai sauƙaƙe mafi kyaun begonia a ciki.
Sun tuna cewa ya fi kyau a zaɓi ƙananan tukkuna da faɗi waɗanda ake yin ramuka a ciki, sannan kuma a shimfida magamin ruwan da aka samo daga petioles da faɗaɗa yumbu. Bayan da tsiro suka bayyana a kan tubers, ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki da sako-sako, an riga an bi da shi tare da kayan gwari. An dasa su tare da gefen kwalliya a kan ƙasa da aka zubar da ruwa. Ba a rufe ɓangaren na sama da ƙasa har sai harbewar da ke bayyane sun bayyana.
Bayan dasa shuki, ajiye tukunyar tare da dasa bishiyar begonia a wuri mai dumi da haske. Ruwa shi lokaci-lokaci, amma tare da kulawa sosai don dusar danshi ba ta fada kan tuber ba. Tare da bayyanar ganye na uku, an yafa tuber da ƙasa.
Bidiyo mai amfani game da dasa shukin begonia:
Yadda ake kulawa a gida?
Wararrun masu sayar da furanni suna riƙe beonia mara kyau a taga ta yamma... Hasken rana yana haskaka shi daga awanni 11 zuwa 15. Tare da matsakaiciyar shayarwa ba tare da shayar da mataccen ba, da sannu zai yi kyau. Don hanzarta tsarin furannin, ciyar da shi. Waɗanne ƙa'idodi ne mahimmanci ke bi yayin ciyarwa da shayarwa?
Top miya
Don ci gaba cikin sauri da kyawawan furanni, ana ciyar da fure saurayi da takin mai nitrogen. Lokacin buga waya, suna canza su zuwa wasu - don shuke-shuke masu furanni, wanda akwai ƙaramin nitrogen a ciki, amma mai yawa potassium da phosphorus. Wasu lokuta ana ba da abinci mai cike da begonia tare da takin mai magani a cikin sifa, wanda a ciki akwai abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Ana amfani da takin gargajiya ba fiye da sau 1-2 a shekara ba.
Mahimmanci! Ciyar da takin mai dauke da sinadarin nitrogen ana dakatar da shi da zaran sun lura cewa tushen bishiyar begonia din ya zama ruwa.
Shayarwa
A lokacin sanyi, ba a shayar da begonia, amma kawai a kula da danshi a kusan 60% ta hanyar zuba ruwa a cikin tire tare da gansakuka a ƙarƙashin tukunya don kada tubers ya bushe. Ruwan sannu a hankali ya rage tun Oktoba... An sabunta tare da farkon bazara. Ba su taɓa zuba ruwa a tsakiyar fure don kar su ɓata ruɓa ba.
Yadda ake tsunkule?
Encedwararrun masu noman fure ba sa ba da shawarar a ɗanɗana ƙarancin begonia. Pinching drains da ƙarfi na tuber. Zai fi kyau barin shi yadda yake. Saboda wannan, fitowar buds zai faru a baya fiye da yadda ake tsammani. Don mayar da komai zuwa murabba'i ɗaya, sun yanke su, suna neman haɓaka tushe da shirya tara babban adadin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin tubers. Idan tsiron yana da elongated sosai, ana sauya tallafi kuma an dakatar dashi.
Siffofin ajiyewa a cikin filin buɗewa
Dasa bishiyar begonia a cikin buɗaɗɗiyar ƙasa, a hankali shirya shafin don shuka. Suna yin ramuka, kuma ana zuba peat da takin a cikinsu. Idan basu kasance a hannu ba, zaku iya zuba takin mai ma'adinai dauke da phosphorus da potassium a ciki. Kafin dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, zubar da shi da ruwa. Babban abu shine sassauta kasar gona na shukar da ke girma a gonar... Wannan zai ba tushen asalin iskar oxygen da suke buƙatar girma. Mitar ruwa sau ɗaya ne a kowace kwana uku.
A ranakun zafi, ana shayar da shi har sau da yawa, kuma nan da nan bayan an gama shayarwa, ana narkar da kasar ta yadda danshi da ke tsaye ba zai kai ga ruɓewar tushe ba. Furen da yake girma a gonar ba a fesa shi ba. In ba haka ba, aibobi masu ruwan kasa za su bayyana a ganyenta. An tsayar da ruwa tare da farkon ƙarshen kaka.
Hoto
A ƙasa zaku iya ganin hoton furannin begonia masu ban sha'awa da kulawa da wannan shukar.
Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa
Wani lokaci amosanin beonia yana bushewa. Manyan furanni sun lura cewa ganyenta ya bushe ya faɗi. Hakanan launin ruwan goro na iya bayyana a kan tukwicin. Don kaucewa matsaloli, ana sake duba yanayin tsarewa da kulawa.
Magana! Yawancin matsalolin tsire-tsire suna tashi daga rashin ruwa mara kyau da rashin dacewa.
Kwari da cututtuka
- Powdery mildew cuta ce ta fungal wacce ake samu ta hanyar fungi mai saurin yaduwa... Yana shafar begonia ampelous. Leucorrhoea ko farin furanni an lura akan ganye, fruitsa fruitsan itace da sassan ƙasa na harbe-harben. Don kada su kula da tsire-tsire, suna bincika shi a kai a kai kuma ana faɗakar da su idan suka ga alamun alamun da aka bayyana a sama a kan ganyayyakin da ke kusa da ƙasa. Ana cire su nan da nan, kuma furen kanta ana bi da shi tare da Topaz fungicide.
- Wani kwaro mai hatsari shine miyar gizo-gizo... Sau da yawa yakan bayyana a gida tare da busasshiyar iska. Don magance shi, suna sake nazarin yawan shayarwa kuma suna tabbatar da cewa amosanin begonia yana karɓar isasshen adadin launi mai haske. In ba haka ba, zai rasa ganye da bushewa. Ana yaƙi mitejin gizo da maganin kashe kwari na zamani Bi-58 Novy, ana kula da tsire-tsire da shi kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin umarnin.
Ga wadanda suke son fara kiwo da kuma girma begonias, mun shirya kayan aiki game da nau'ikan wannan shuka. Wataƙila labaranmu zasu taimaka muku yin zaɓi mai kyau. Karanta game da waɗannan nau'ikan: Tiger, Naked, Grey -head, Mason, Metallic, Collar, Imperial, Coral, Rex and Fista.
Kammalawa
Ampel begonia kyakkyawa ne na gaske. Bayan sun sauka da ita a cikin ƙananan tukwane kuma sun rataye su daga rufin, suna samun canjin windowsill ko baranda lokacin da yake fure. Idan ka rataye tukunyar fure tare da kuloli masu launuka daban-daban kusa da shi, sakamakon zai sha mamaki matuka. Babban abu shine a kula da tsire-tsire daidai, sannan kuma babu abin da zai tsoma baki tare da jin daɗin kyawawan kyawawan abubuwa tsawon watanni a shekara.