Girma da kulawa da pelargonium: tukwici da fasali

A wani lokaci, laima masu haske ta wannan tsiron sun kawata kusan kowane gida a ƙasarmu. Sannan ana yi masa laƙabi da fure mai burgeshi kuma ya zama ba a so. Amma a yau kuma wannan kyawawan kyawawan filayen fure a filayen windows da yawa na gidaje da gidaje.

Kuma ba don komai ba ne cewa wannan tsire-tsire marasa fa'ida ya sake cancanta da ƙwararrun masanan da ke goyan bayan fure. A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koya dalla-dalla yadda ake girma pelargonium a gida, yadda za ku kula da shi kuma ku yaƙi cututtuka.

Menene wannan tsiron?

HANKALI: A cikin gidaje da yawa akan windows windows akwai tukwane na shuke-shuke waɗanda suke da haske inflorescences. Kowa na kiran su geraniums. Kuma ƙwararrun masanan fure ne kawai suka sani cewa waɗannan sune pelargoniums.

Geranium da Pelargonium suna daga cikin dangin Geranium, wanda ke da zuriya biyar, mafi shahara daga cikinsu shine nau'in Pelargonium, kuma mafi yawansu shine yanayin Geranium. Dalilin rikicewa a cikin sunaye shine a cikin karni na 18, lokacin da Karl Linnaeus, shahararren masanin kimiyyar lokacin, ya yi kuskuren sanya tsire-tsire a cikin rukuni ɗaya, bisa kamanceceniyar itacen 'ya'yan itacen.

Sannan masanin botan Holan Johannes Burman ya sanya su zuwa tsara daban-daban. Duk da kamannin waje, waɗannan tsire-tsire guda biyu suna da mahimmin bambanci: geranium yana da juriya da sanyi kuma pelargonium yana da thermophilic, saboda haka geranium shine tsire-tsire na lambu, kuma pelargonium shine tsire-tsire na gida.

Fasali da yanayin girma

Domin sanin yadda ake shuka bishiyar pelargonium mai haske tare da furanni masu haske, ya isa a gudanar da sauki a gare shi.

Zaɓin ƙasa

Don ci gaba mai kyau, yalwar furannin pelargonium, ana buƙatar ƙasa mai daɗi sosai, gami da takin gargajiya, peat, humus da yashi.

Ban ruwa daidai

Humananan zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin tushen lafiya. Pelargonium, kamar geranium, yana da kyau kada a sha ruwa fiye da zuba... Idan shukar ta dade a cikin wani ruwa mai dauke da ruwa, tana yin barazanar tare da rubewar tushen tsarin.

A lokacin bazara da hunturu, ana buƙatar tsarin shayarwa daban. Amma koyaushe mafi kyawun alamar buƙata don danshi na ƙasa mai zuwa shine yanayin bushewarta. Babu buƙatar fesa ganye.

Haske mai kyau

Pelargonium tsire-tsire ne mai son haske, saboda haka yana da kyau sosai a kan windows windows windows... Idan a lokacin rani tana cikin lambun, to tana buƙatar zaɓar wani wuri, wanda aka tanada daga iska da rana, kodayake ta girma sosai a cikin inuwar m. Idan hasken bai isa ba, za a iya fallasa kararsa.

Tsarin yanayin zafi

Don ci gaban al'ada da furanni, ana buƙatar zazzabin pelargonium aƙalla 10-12 na digiri Celsius, mafi kyau duka ya kai digiri 20.

Yankan

Pruning yana yiwuwa a duka kaka da bazara... Amma idan ya cancanta (alal misali, lokacin da rassan ba su da komai), zaka iya datsa a kowane lokaci.

Pruning yana bayar da:

1. Samuwar kyakkyawan kambi.
2. Garuwa da harbe-harbe na gefe da bayyanar rudiments na inflorescence.
3. Lush da yalwar furanni.
4. Abun shuka.

TAMBAYA: Don kariya daga lalacewa, ana iya yayyafa yankin da aka yanke, alal misali, gawayi mai niƙa.

Ppingara

Don ƙirƙirar daji mai daɗi, ƙara haɓaka reshen mai tushe, kana buƙatar tsunkule samarin harbin. Wannan galibi ana yin sa ne kafin lokacin bazara ko a farkon sa, ma’ana, a watan Fabrairu-Maris. Amma idan ya cancanta - lokacin da ake buƙata.

Tsinkewa, cushewa ko cushewa shine cire saman daga samarin domin inganta ci gaban harbe a kaikaice don tsiron ba ya miƙewa sama, amma siffofin daji. Yayin aikin tsunkulewa, yana da mahimmanci kada a lalata babbar shukar.

Top miya

Don tabbatar da dogon lokaci da yalwar furannin pelargoniums, dole ne a ciyar dasu da abubuwan da ake buƙata.... Dokokin ciyarwa:

• Yayin girma, ana ba da shawarar takin mai magani mai ƙarancin nitrogen da matsakaicin phosphorus. Kafin amfani da takin mai ruwa, ya kamata a shayar da shuka don kauce wa lalacewar asalinsu. a cikin busassun ƙasa, taki na iya ƙone su.
• A lokacin bazara da bazara, buƙatar ciyar da pelargonium tana da yawa, zaku iya farawa a farkon watan Mayu ku ciyar da shi har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba.
• Sinadarin potassium yana taimakawa ga furanni mai haske, wadatacce kuma mai daɗewa.
• A lokacin zafi, ya fi kyau kada a aiwatar da aikin ko canja wurin shuka zuwa inuwa.

MUHIMMANCI: Ana iya siyan takin zamani don shuke-shuken cikin gida a shagunan filawa kuma bi umarnin da aka basu.

Hanyoyin haifuwa

Yadda ake kiwo wannan shuka? Pelargonium za'a iya yada shi ta hanyar rarraba daji, ta tsaba ko kuma a tsire-tsire (yanke).

Rarraba daji

Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauki wacce za'a iya hada pelargonium da geranium. Dole ne a raba daji da aka haƙa a hankali kuma kowane ɓangare dole ne a dasa shi a cikin kwantena daban. Theasa ta ɗan matse kuma an shayar da ita.

Yankan

Idan pelargonium yana yaduwa ta hanyar yankan, zai riƙe duk wasu halaye daban-daban.... Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar kiwo a cikin matakai 3.

Ana shirya yanka:

• yanke lafiyayye da ƙarfi;
• cire ƙananan ganye;
• yanke yanke har zuwa 10 cm tsawo, idan nau'in pelargonium ya zama dwarf, zaka iya - daga 3 cm;
• yi yanka tsakanin ganyen;
• bushe a kan tebur na awanni biyu zuwa uku.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa:

• mafi kyau zai zama sako-sako da cakuda peat, perlite, takin da lambun calcined;
• perlite ya zama sau uku ƙasa da peat.

Yankan tsire-tsire:

• sanya magudanan ruwa a kasan tukunyar;
• zuba ƙasa da aka shirya a kai;
• dan karamin kasar da ke kusa da dasa shukar;
• shayar da shi domin ya dan jika.

HANKALI: Tushen yakamata ya zama sati uku zuwa hudu bayan dasa shuki. Zaka iya amfani da wata hanyar - sanya yankan cikin ruwa na sati biyu zuwa uku a ɗaki mai dumi.

A ciki:

1. ya fi kyau a ɗauki kwandon opaque don ruwa (don tushen ya kasance cikin duhu);
2. crushedara carbon da aka kunna
3. canza ruwa kowane kwana biyu zuwa uku;
4. lokacin da asalinsu suka bayyana, dasa itacen a cikin tukwane.

Kalli bidiyo game da yaduwar pelargonium ta hanyar yanka:

Girma pelargonium daga tsaba a gida

Idan lambun geraniums ba safai suke girma daga tsaba ba, suna son hanyar haifuwa, don haka Ana shuka iri na Pelargonium har ma da masu farawa a harkar noman furanni.

Menene mahimmanci yayin girma pelargonium daga tsaba:

• lokacin shuka;
• zaɓi na tsaba;
• shirye-shiryen ƙasa;
• tsarin yanayin zafi;
• tsarin shuka.

Don haka, yi la'akari da tsarin noman tsaba pelargonium daga mataki zuwa mataki.

Lokacin shiga jirgi

Ana buƙatar isasshen haske don samun kyakkyawan ƙwaya daga tsaba... Don kar a yi amfani da ƙarin fitil a cikin fitilun, ana ba da shawarar a shuka iri ba a ƙarshen ƙarshen Janairu ba, lokacin da tuni hasken rana ya fara ƙaruwa.

Zabin iri

Dole ne tsaba su kasance:

• babba;
• oblong da mai yawa;
• launin ruwan kasa tare da inuwar matte.

Lokacin shuka iri ya dogara da nau'in ko nau'in pelargonium... Don rage lokacin germination na tsaba, kuna buƙatar:

• cire wani ɓangaren harsashi, yana ba da damar samun abubuwan gina jiki ga zuriya.
• don mafi kyaun tsire-tsire, a hankali shafa iri a kan takarda mai kyau sau biyu ko uku.

Shirya tukunyar dasa don shuka

Wannan zai buƙaci:

• wani sashi na peat;
• wani yanki na yashi kogi;
• sassa biyu na ƙasar sod;
• gasa cakuda na minti biyu zuwa uku.

Za'a iya siyan ƙasa a cikin shaguna na musamman... Amma bai kamata a cika shi da abubuwan ma'adinai ba, saboda yayin da tsirrai suka fi tsayi.

Tsarin yanayin zafi

Yanayin zafin jiki na yanayi bayan shuka ana daukar sa da kyau har zuwa digiri 22 a ma'aunin Celsius, kuma ba wanda ya haura 20 ya ishe shuki.

Tsarin shuka

Abin da za a yi:

• Cika tukwane da tukunyar ƙasa a zazzabi na digiri 21-22.
• Yayyafa da ruwan dumi.
• Yi ramuka a nesa na cm biyu.
• Zuba ƙasa har zuwa 1 cm a kan tsaba a cikin ramuka.
• Moan jike shi.
• Rufe tukwanen da tsare tare da ƙananan ramuka da aka yi a ciki don iska ta shiga.

Ba a ba da shawarar a saka tukwanen a kan windowsill kafin harbewar su bayyana.... Lokacin da tsiro na farko suka bayyana, ya kamata a cire fim ɗin don kada ya sami babban zafi, kuma a tura tukwane zuwa windowsill.

Abin da ya zama dole don samuwar ingantaccen tushen tsarin, ya zama wajibi ne lokaci-lokaci a sassauta kasar kuma a zabi shukar. Ickingaukar abu ne dasawa na matasa a cikin babban akwati tare da sabon cakuda ƙasa. Ana aiwatar dashi lokacinda ganye biyu suka bayyana.

Don girma karamin bishiyar pelargonium, bayan bayyanar ganye na biyar, ya kamata a yi tsunkule na harbin matasa. Lokacin furannin pelargonium lokacin da ake shuka shi ta hanyar iri yakan fara ne cikin watanni shida, kuma gonar geranium da take girma daga tsaba zata fara yin fure ne kawai a shekara mai zuwa.

Kalli bidiyo game da yaduwar pelargonium ta tsaba:

Wadanne cututtukan ne ke saurin faruwa?

Saboda rashin kiyaye yanayin daidai, noman pelargonium na iya yin rashin lafiya. Yi la'akari da ainihin dalilan rashin lafiyar tsire-tsire:

1. Saboda kasar da take da ruwa... Tushen ruɓa lokacin da tushe na duhu ya yi duhu. Gray mold (mold akan ganye). Ganyayyaki ba su da ƙarfi kuma suna faɗuwa. Kumbura (pads na ruwa akan ganyen).
2. Daga rashin wadataccen shayarwa... Bar ya zama rawaya ya fadi. Gefen koren ganyen kawai sun bushe.
3. Daga rashin haske... Ganye sun fadi (har ma da koren). Mai tushe ba shi da komai.
4. Daga iska mai ɗumi mai ɗumi a cikin gida... Babu furanni, kodayake shukar tana da lafiya.
5. Daga ƙananan zafin jiki... Redness na gefen ganye.

Tabbas Pelargonium ya mutu ne kawai lokacin da ya kamu da tushen ruɓa, yayin da ya fi kyau lalata shuka. Dalilin lalacewar launin toka ba wai kawai shayarwa ne kawai ba, har ma da kamuwa da cutar fungus Botrytis, to ya kamata a kula da tsire-tsire tare da kayan gwari. A wasu halaye kuma, ya isa ya cire kayan da suka lalace sannan kuma a cire dalilin cutar.

Manyan kwari

Babban kwari na pelargonium sune aphids da whiteflies.... Aphids kwari ne na launin kore, launin toka ko baƙi. Farin farin yayi kama da ƙaramin farin malam buɗe ido. Dukansu kwari galibi ana samunsu a ƙasan ganyen. Shirye-shiryen kwari na musamman, wanda za'a iya siye su a shagunan filawa, suna taimakawa don yaƙar su.

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da cututtuka da kwari na pelargonium a nan.

Pelargonium ya cancanci yin ado da kowane gida tare da fure mai haske da danshi. A baya, har ma ana ɗaukarsa tsire-tsire na aristocratic, kuma a Turai da Amurka, pelargonium ya girma fiye da ƙarni ɗaya.

Kalli bidiyon: REGAL PELARGONIUM CARE Arnside Fringed Aztec (Yuni 2024).