Furen flamingo ado ne na kwalliya na ciki. Dakota anthurium tukwici na kulawa da hotunan shuka

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Anthurium Dakota shine asalin tsiron gida wanda zai kawo launuka masu haske zuwa cikin ku.

Idan aka kula dashi da kyau, zaiyi fure kusan duk shekara. Haka kuma an girma a cikin greenhouses don yanke furanni.

Anthurium yana da matukar damuwa, ya dace da ƙwararrun masu noman fure, wanda kulawa da tsire-tsire abin jin daɗi ne, ba nauyi ba. A cikin labarin, zamuyi la'akari da sifofin haifuwa da kulawar shuka.

Bayanin tsirrai

Anthurium Dakota (Anthurium andraeanum dacota) ana kiranta farin cikin namiji, tunda wannan yana daya daga cikin plantsan tsire-tsire waɗanda yawanci ake ba maza. Wani suna kuma shine fulawar flamingo, a bayyane saboda gaskiyar cewa furannin tare da dogon kunne da fure ɗaya sun tunatar da wani game da wannan tsuntsu. Mutane suna kiransa harshen shaidan ko wutsiyar alade. Na dangin dangin tsire-tsire ne na dangin Aronnikovye (Aroid).

Tarihin asali

Nau'in halittar anthurium wanda aka fara girba shine Andre. Wannan wata matattara ce, wacce ta bambanta da anthuriums da ke girma a cikin daji. Duk anthuriums na cikin gida sune kananun rai. Daga ra'ayin Andre, masu kiwo sun sami Dakota. Masu sayar da furanni suna kiran wannan anthurium ingantaccen fasalin Andre.

Bayyanar hoto da hotuna

Ganyayyaki masu launin kore ne mai siffa mai duhu ko siffar zuciya. Zasu iya girma a gida har zuwa 40 cm a tsayi. Tsayin shukar ya kai cm 110. Dakota tana da babban inflorescence, wanda ya ƙunshi kunne da fure ɗaya, wanda ake kira mayafi. Furen yana da ja, kuma kunnen rawaya ne mai haske (game da nau'ikan da ke da jan fure, duba a nan). Girman shimfiɗar shimfiɗa daga 14 zuwa 23 cm, wato, furannin yana da girma kuma yana da ban mamaki.

Yanayin ƙasa

A dabi'a, masu ilimin tsirrai suna da kusan nau'ikan 900 na anthuriums da ke girma a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi na Kudu da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Yawancin tsire-tsire na daji sune epiphytes tare da asalin iska, ma'ana, suna girma akan wasu tsire-tsire, amma basa kwantar dasu. Hakanan akwai bishiyoyi da nau'ikan ƙasa.

Kulawar gida

Zazzabi

Shuke-shuke thermophilic ne kuma ya mutu da sauri tare da mummunan hypothermia. Yanayin iska mai kyau a gareshi shine + digiri 28, ma'ana, anthurium zai ji daɗi koda a lokacin bazara. A ranaku masu dumi, zai iya tsayawa kan taga tare da taga a buɗe, amma don kada guguwar iska daga titi ta isa gare shi.

Wintering

Yana da mahimmanci cewa a lokacin sanyi yanayin iska a cikin ɗakin baya sauka ƙasa da digiri + 16. Wannan shi ne mahimmin yanayin zafin jiki wanda tsire zai iya jurewa, tare da ƙarin raguwa, anthurium zai mutu. A lokacin hunturu, ana ajiye tukunyar tare da shuka daga batura, tunda iska can ta bushe. Ba za ku iya ajiye anthurium a kan taga mai sanyi ba.

Shayarwa

Ruwan da aka tace kawai wanda aka ajiye a zafin ɗakin aƙalla yini ɗaya ya dace. Anthurium Dakota tana buƙatar shayarwa mai kyau, amma ba tare da tsattsauran ra'ayi ba, don kar a juya ƙasa a cikin tukunyar ta zama daushin da ba bushewa ba. Yawan shayarwa zai kashe shuka. Anthurium yana buƙatar ƙarin danshi a cikin iska, kuma ba koyaushe tushen jike ba.

Ba lallai ba ne a jira har ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya a cikin tukunyar, ba da ruwa ya zama dole lokacin da saman saman ya bushe. Dukan ƙasar ta jike don ruwan ya fara zubowa kaɗan daga kwanon ruwar, ba za ku iya barin shi a wurin ba, dole ne ku hanzarta zube shi. Idan ɗakin yana da danshi mai iska, misali, idan akwai babban akwatin kifaye, anthurium na iya ɗaukar danshi daga iska, don haka ƙasa a cikin tukunyar na iya zama danshi tsawon makonni. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar jira don saman saman ya bushe, kawai sai ruwa.

Idan iska a cikin ɗakin ta bushe, zaku sha ruwa sau da yawa, kuma ku kula da danshi. Don yin wannan, fesa ruwa kewaye da tsiron tare da kwalba mai fesawa, amma ba shi yiwuwa ga ɗigon ya faɗi akan ganyen, ya bar munanan tabo a kansu. An goge usturar daga ganyen Dakota anthurium da zane mai ƙanshi. Hakanan zaka iya wanke tsire a cikin gidan wanka, amma don kada ruwan ya hau kan furannin.

Mahimmanci! Anthurium Dakota ya lalace sosai ta hanyar canjin yanayi kwatsam a cikin ɗaki, misali, lokacin da aka kunna dumama. Dole ne muyi ƙoƙari mu daidaita su.

Farawa a watan Satumba, a hankali ku ƙara tazara tsakanin shayar don shuka ta fure sosai.

Haskaka

Tsirrai ne masu haƙuri da inuwa, amma ba zai yi fure da nisa da taga ba. Tagar gabas da yamma sun dace da shi. Ba ya son hasken rana kai tsaye, saboda haka ya zama dole a ƙirƙira haske.

Firamare

Yana buƙatar ruwa mai kyau da haske saboda ruwa zai iya ratsa tushen da sauri, kuma akwai damar iska. A cikin ƙasa mai nauyi, anthurium zai mutu saboda tushen ruɓa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi zai zama share fage na musamman don aroid daga kantin sayar da filawar filawa.

Hakanan zaka iya yin cakuda daga peat, yankakken gansakuka da ciyawa (2: 2: 1), ko daga ƙasa mai daɗi, peat da yashi (daidai gwargwado) tare da ƙarin ƙaramin gawayi da baƙon itace mai taushi. Wani zaɓi na ƙasa: ƙasa mai sanyin-fiber, ƙasa mai ƙwanƙwasa da ƙasa mai haske (2: 1: 1). Zaka iya ƙara bawon pine, kwakwa "kwakwalwan kwamfuta" (manyan ɓawon kumburi). Dole ne a sanya magudanan ruwa a 1/3 na tsayin tukunya.

Wiwi

Dogayen tukwane sun fi dacewa. Ga ƙananan shuke-shuke waɗanda ake dasawa a kowace shekara, girman tukwane yana ƙaruwa a hankali, gwargwadon girman tushen tsarin.

Mahimmanci! Tukwanen yumbu ba su dace da Anthurium ba, ya fi kyau a zaɓi filastik.

Top miya

A lokacin bazara da bazara, ana amfani da takin gargajiya kowane mako 2-3. Mafi kyawun ciyarwar shine azofoska a cikin nauyin 1 g / l tare da ƙarin potassium humate a cikin adadin 200-300 mg / l. Anthurium Dakota za'a iya ciyar dashi da takin gargajiya. Don yin wannan, ana amfani da saniya ko taki dokin, humus ganye, ko shayar tare da jakar taki kaza (ba fiye da sau ɗaya a wata ba) a saman ƙasa.

Yankan

Don wannan, yi amfani da mai tsabta ko wuka.
Za'a iya gyara ganyen da suka lalace.
Dole ne a yanke maɓallin bayan fure don kada ƙwayaye su fara samuwa, wanda zai jawo dukkan ƙarfin tsiron zuwa kansu.
Tushen iska ba za a iya yanke shi ba, busasshe ne kawai ko marasa lafiya ne aka cire.

Canja wurin

Mafi kyawun lokacin dasawa shine bazara, amma idan an sami anthurium a wani lokaci na shekara, ana bashi makonni biyu don daidaitawa da dasa shi.

Magana. A cikin shaguna, shuke-shuke suna cikin tukwane matsattsu, inda asalinsu suka dunkule dunƙulen ƙasar, don haka dole ne a dasa su cikin manya-manyan bayan sayan.

Za'a iya dasawa kawai anthurium ta hanyar saukar dashi. Don yin wannan, da farko a shayar da shukar da kyau don ƙasa gaba ɗaya ta zama mai danshi.
Cire tsire-tsire daga tsohuwar tukunya tare da dukkanin dunƙulen ƙasa. Ba shi yiwuwa a girgiza ko daidaita tushen.
Sanya a tsakiyar tukunyar sized daidai a daidai zurfin.
A cikin sabon tukunya, 2-3 cm ya kamata ya kasance daga tushe zuwa bango.
Ana saka sassan haushi ko gawayi a ƙasan.
Yayyafa tsiren da aka dasa da ƙasa daga kowane ɓangare.

Bayan haka, an dasa anthurium a cikin tukunyar da ta fi girma a kowane bazara.

Mahimmanci! Ganye yana da guba, yi hankali lokacin dasawa kuma kada ku bari dabbobin gida, tsuntsaye su ciji ganye.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Ta rarraba daji

Tare da dasawa na shekara-shekara, idan daji yayi girma sosai, ya zama dole a shayar dashi da kyau a cire shi daga tukunyar.
Saka tushen tsire a cikin kwano na ruwa kuma a hankali yada su.
Nemo ginshiƙan tushe kuma a hankali raba daji zuwa ƙananan biyu ko fiye.
Sanya kowannensu a cikin tukunya daban.

Yankan

Tare da wuka mai kaifi, yanke wani ɓangare na shuka tare da tushe, rudiments na asalin iska da ganyen 2-3.
Dasa shi a cikin tukunya na jika sphagnum gansakuka, don kawai ganye da saman kara su kasance a saman.
Wajibi ne a kiyaye danshi a danshi, bayan sati biyu yankan zai fara sai ya fara girma.

Tsaba

Kura da kanku, canja wurin pollen daga stamens zuwa pistils tare da goga mai laushi.
A berries ripen na kimanin watanni 8.
Tattara su, cire tsaba kuma kurkura.
Shuka cikin ƙasar da ta dace da anthurium, ana yafawa a zahiri 1 mm na ƙasa.
Tukunya ya kamata ya tsaya a cikin haske a yanayin zafin jiki na + 20-25 digiri.

Yada iri shine hanya mafi tsayi kuma mafi wahala.

Cututtuka da kwari

Koren kore ko ruwan kasa a ƙasan ganyen itacen avocado ne wanda aka wanke da ruwan sabulu.
Whiteananan fata ko launin toka-moths - aphids, tare da magani na aphid, an wanke shi da ruwa bayan kwana ɗaya.
Dige a kan ganyayyaki, aibobi, yellowing - ɗan haske da danshi.
A tukwici na ganye suna launin ruwan kasa da kuma nada - ƙasa tare da wuce haddi alli.
Farin fari a kan ganye da mai tushe - ruɓaɓɓen launin toka, yanke sassan da abin ya shafa kuma a magance shi da "Topsin".
Brown spots a kan ganye tare da rawaya kan iyaka - septoria, bi da tare da jan karfe sulfate.
Jijiyoyin suna kore, kuma dukkan ganye ya zama rawaya - chlorosis, ana buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa tare da baƙin ƙarfe da magnesium.