Shin kuna fatan dasa kyawawan furanni? Duk game da haɓaka cyclamen a gida da kula da shi

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Cyclamen shine furannin cikin gida mai haske, mai faranta rai tare da kyakkyawar bayyana da ƙanshin haske.

Babban fasalin wannan shukar shine furanni a lokacin hunturu, lokacin da yawancin furannin cikin gida basa bacci.

Wani fa'idar cyclamen ana daukarta ta wasu hanyoyin kiwo, daga cikinsu akwai wadanda suka dace da masu farawa da gogewar masu sayar da furanni. Mun koya a cikin labarinmu game da rikitarwa na haɓakar cyclamen a gida.

Bayani

Cyclamen itace ciyawar da ke da alaƙa da tubrous. Ganyayyaki masu kamannin zuciya, launuka masu duhu masu launuka iri-iri masu launin toka ko azurfa. Furannin suna kan dogayen ginshiƙan sama da ganye, launukan furannin suna da haske, na kowane nau'i na inuwa, daga fari zuwa shuɗi mai haske.

Bayan an kammala fure, cyclamen na iya zubar ba furannin da ya bushe kawai ba, har ma da ganyaye, suna fadawa cikin wani yanayi na bacci (don cikakkun bayanai kan tsawon lokacin da furannin na cyclamen zai kasance da kuma yadda ake kula da fure kafin da bayan ta yi furanni, karanta a nan) ... Tushen ya zama tubers wanda yakai girman diamita kusan 5, amma, asalin wakilan kowane mutum na iya kaiwa 15 cm.

Magana! Ana kiran Cyclamen kuma "mai tsayi mai tsini", na dangin Primroses ne. Ana samun wakilan daji na wannan tsiron a Tsakiyar Turai, Bahar Rum, Turkiya da Iran.

Yadda ake girma?

Don ci gaban nasara da ci gaban cyclamen, yana da mahimmanci a san fasalin yadda ake haɓaka shi. Don wannan, ya kamata a ƙirƙiri mafi kyawun yanayi, waɗanda suke kusa da mazaunin asalin wannan shuka. Sharuɗɗan da ake buƙata don cin nasara fure kamar haka:

cyclamen tsire ne mai son sanyi. Wannan furen ba ya jure zafi sosai, zafin jiki mafi kyau yana daga + 14 zuwa + 16 digiri. Dadewa zuwa zafi sama da digiri 25 na iya haifar da mutuwar tsire;
fure tana buƙatar yaduwa haske, hasken rana kai tsaye mai haɗari yana da haɗari ga ganye;
dole ne a sanya iska tare da cyclamen a kai a kai, yayin guje wa bayyanar da zayyana;
yayin lokacin dumama, ba a ba da shawarar sanya tukwane tare da shuka kusa da baturi ko masu zafi;
shayar da cyclamen dole ne ya kasance a kan lokaci; ba za a bari tara danshi a cikin kasa ba;
ba a buƙatar spraying cyclamen;
yawan ma'adanai a cikin ƙasa kuma yana cutar da shuka, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye sashi na takin mai magani.

Yadda ake kiwo?

Ana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa don sake hawan cyclamen a gida. Za a iya shuka shukar daga ƙwaya, kazalika da taimakon ɗiyar tubers, jarirai ko rotse na cyclamen.

Tsaba

Yawancin lambu da yawa suna da sha'awar tambayar ta yadda za a dasa shuki fure da iri? Saboda haka, wannan hanyar tana buƙatar yin la'akari dalla-dalla.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana sayan tsaba a shagunan filawa. Kafin siyan, dole ne ka tabbata cewa ranar karewar ba ta ƙare ba... Ana iya adana 'ya'yan Cyclamen na tsawan shekaru 2 daga ranar samarwa. Duba mutuncin marufin.

Hankali! Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a san cewa ingantattun tsaba sune waɗanda suka riƙe ingantaccen tsari. Take hakkin ɗaya ko fiye da yanayi yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa ƙwaya mai yiwuwa ba za ta tsiro ba.

Don samun tsaba a gida, uwar shuka tana buƙatar pollination na wucin gadi. Don yin wannan, yayin furannin cyclamen, ta amfani da buroshi, ana canza furen fure daga ɗayan fure zuwa wani. Ana ba da shawarar pollination a lokacin rana, kafin cin abincin rana. Don kyakkyawan sakamako, ana maimaita pollin sau 2-3. Lokacin da furannin ya ƙare, ana iya tattara tsaba.

Kafin fara shuka, dole ne a shirya tsaba. Don yin wannan, ana jiƙa su tsawon kwanaki 3 a cikin ruwan sanyi ko kuma a ajiye su cikin rauni mai ƙarfi na manganese. Maimakon potassium permanganate, zaka iya amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman, misali, "Epin" ko "Zircon".

Ana yin saukarwa a cikin kwantena na filastik tare da ramuka magudanar ruwa a ƙasan. An shimfiɗa wani ruɓaɓɓen magudanan ruwa daga ƙananan pebbles ko laka da aka faɗaɗa a ciki, kaurin magudanar bai kamata ya wuce 2 cm ba.

Daga sama, akwatin ya cika da ƙasa ta musamman wacce aka shirya daga cakuda ƙasa mai ganye da peat daidai gwargwado. Kaurin ƙasa 5 cm 7. Bayan wannan, ana yin ƙasa mai danshi kuma ana aiwatar da dasa ta ɗayan hanyoyin masu zuwa:

an yi zurfin zurfin da ya kai zurfin cm 1 a cikin ƙasa, inda ake shuka irinsa;
an shimfiɗa tsaba a saman ƙasa a cikin akwati, bayan haka ana yayyafa su da murfin ƙasa, kaurinsa bai wuce 2 cm ba.

Lokacin dasa shuki, tazara tsakanin tsaba zata kasance aƙalla 3-5 cm.

Bayan an shuka, an rufe kwantena da tsare kuma ana ajiye su da zafin jiki na digiri 20. Bayan kamar wata daya, tsaba ta fara girma.

Ta rarraba tuber

Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don shuke-shuke waɗanda suka shuɗe kuma suka shiga lokacin baccin. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da manyan tubers na furannin balagagge:

An cire tuber daga ƙasa kuma a bushe a hankali don cire ragowar laima.
Tare da wuka mai kaifi, aka sare jijiyar don akwai 'yan kaɗan da toho a kowane ɓangare, kuma yanayin da aka yanke yana da ƙarami sosai. A rarrabuwa ɗaya, an ba shi izinin yanke tuber ɗin da bai wuce sassa biyu ba.
Bayan rarrabawa, ana kula da wuraren yankan da gawayi kuma a barsu a wuri mai duhu na kwana ɗaya.
A ƙarshen rana, ana shuka tubers a cikin ƙasa daga ganye da ƙasa mai laushi, peat da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 2: 1. Bayan haka, ana shuka tsire-tsire tare da launi mai yaduwa da zafin jiki na digiri 13 zuwa 16.

Hankali! Don rarrabuwa, kawai tubers ne tare da cikakkun ƙwayoyi kuma babu lalacewa ana amfani dasu.

Yara

Don wannan hanyar, da farko, ya zama dole a hankali a raba ɗiyar tubers daga uwa. Wannan tsari yawanci yana da sauki.

Bayan haka, an dasa jariri a cikin cakuda humus, ƙasa mai laushi da peat. Lokacin dasa shuki, tuber yakamata a nutsar da shi rabin rabin cikin ƙasa.... Sauran rabi ya kamata ya kasance a farfajiya.

Bayan wannan, dole ne a kiyaye matsakaiciyar shayarwa. Bayan kamar mako guda, tuber ya ba da ganye na farko.

Bayanai

Ana kiran Rosettes harbe akan tubersen tublamen. An zaɓi mafi girma da ƙarfi harbe don dasa. Bayan an rarrabe rosette da hankali daga shuka, ana shuka shi a cikin ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi, kwatankwacin cakuda iri, kuma sanya shi a ƙarƙashin fim. An saka akwati tare da harbi a wuri mai inuwa, a zazzabin da bai wuce digiri 18 ba, kuma a shayar da shi matsakaici. Bayan kwanaki 15-20, rosette ya sami gindin zama, bayan haka ana kula da harbi a matsayin itacen baligi na al'ada.

Cire duk harbe a lokaci guda na iya haifar da lalacewa a yanayin furen, har zuwa mutuwa. Masana sun ba da shawarar a raba harbi daya a lokaci guda.

Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli

Saboda yanayi mara kyau ko rashin kulawa lokacin girma cyclamen, yana iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban ko bayyanar kwari. Ruwa mai yawa da yawan hadi suna da lahani musamman ga wannan shuka.

Babban matsaloli yayin ajiye cyclamen daki kamar haka:

Yellowing na ganye. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan matsalar na faruwa ne lokacin da akwai ƙima a cikin ƙasa. An bada shawara don rage watering. Wani dalili na iya kasancewa ba daidai bane yanayin zafin jiki. Idan furen yana kusa da na'urorin dumama, yakamata ya matsar da shi zuwa wuri mai sanyaya. Idan ganyayyaki suka fara zama rawaya bayan cyclamen suka yi fure, wannan yana nuna cewa furen yana shiga yanayin bacci.
Rashin furanni. Wannan yawanci saboda rashin danshi ne ko kuma yawan zafin ɗakin. Lokacin da aka dawo da yanayin da ake buƙata, furanni, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana ci gaba.
Rotting tushen... Daya daga cikin matsalolin da aka fi sani da cyclamen cikin gida lokacin da ba'a bin dokokin shayarwa. Lokacin da tushen ya ruɓe, an cire furen daga tukunyar kuma an yanke ɓangaren tuber ɗin da abin ya shafa. Bayan haka, ana wanke tubers a cikin wani magani mai rauni na manganese kuma a dasa shi cikin sabuwar ƙasa.
Lalata ganye, peduncles da furanni, mai rauni flowering. Duk waɗannan alamu ne na lalacewar kaska na cyclamen. Wajibi ne a ɗauki mataki nan da nan bayan an gano alamun farko, saboda wannan kwaro yana saurin yaduwa. Da farko dai, ya zama dole a cire dukkan bangarorin furen da abin ya shafa nan da nan, sannan a kula dasu da Fitoverm ko Agravertin. Ana maimaita maganin sau 2-3 a kowane mako.
Bushewar ganye a gefuna da bayyanar farin ɗigo a ganyen. Wannan yana nuna bayyanar irin wannan kwaro kamar cin abinci. Yakamata a kebe shukar da abin ya shafa daga sauran furanni, don kaucewa yaduwar kwaron, bayan haka ana kula da su da maganin kashe kwari (Decis, Inta-vir), suna bin shawarwarin kan marufin magungunan.
Grey Bloom a kan ganye... Wannan alama ce ta launin toka. Hakan na iya haifar da shi ta yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa ko yawan ciyarwa (karanta game da menene da yaushe don ciyar da cyclamen, karanta a nan). Don adana furen, ana buƙatar dasawa zuwa cikin sabuwar ƙasa da magani tare da kayan gwari - Fundanazole, Rovral (zaku iya gano yadda ake dasa cyclamen yadda yakamata anan).
Magana! Don hana dawowar cutar, ya kamata ka rage shayarwa da ciyarwa.

Yadda za a kula?

Ana ɗaukar Cyclamen a matsayin tsire-tsire mai tsananin damuwa - don ci gabanta cikin nasara, yana buƙatar yanayi da yawa waɗanda dole ne a kiyaye su.

Kasar gona

Babban shuka yana buƙatar ƙasa mai sauƙi, wanda zai ba da damar tushen su sami isashshen iskar oxygen kuma ba zai riƙe ruwa da yawa ba. Soasa don cyclamen za a iya shirya shi da kansa ko kuma a saye shi da kyau a cikin shago... A gida, ana yin substrate daga ƙasa mai yashi, yashi, humus da peat a cikin rabo na 3: 1: 1: 1.

Shayarwa da danshi

Kwararrun masu noman fure suna ba da shawarar shayar da cyclamen ta cikin tire ko kuma a gefen tukunyar. Kar a yarda danshi ya hau kan furanni ko ganyen shukar. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata a daidaita, a dakin da zafin jiki. Zai yiwu a yi amfani da ruwan daɗaɗaɗen da aka dafa. Idan, bayan awa daya, ruwa ya kasance a cikin kwanon rufi, dole ne a kwashe shi. Idan iska a cikin ɗakin ta bushe sosai, a cikin wani hali kada a fesa furen. Don ƙara zafi, ana saka pallets da gansakuka ko pebbles masu jika kusa da tukunyar cyclamen.

Kulawa na hutawa

Bayan an gama fure, cyclamen din yana zubar da ganyen sa yana tona tuber. A wannan lokacin, an saka tukunyar tare da tuber a cikin wuri mai sanyi, mai duhu, an rage ba da ruwa, yana kiyaye ƙasa da laima. Wannan lokacin yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni uku, bayan haka matakin ci gaban aiki ya fara.

Don cikakkun bayanai kan yadda ake kula da cyclamen yayin hutun, karanta kayan mu.

Bidiyoyi masu alaƙa:

Kulawa da Cyclamen a gida.

Kammalawa

Cyclamen yana buƙatar wasu ƙwarewa da gogewa wajen haɓaka tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Koyaya, koda ma mai sana'ar sayar da furanni na iya shuka shi, ya isa kawai a bi duk yanayin da ake buƙata. Madadin haka, cyclamen zai faranta maka rai tare da bayyanar haske kuma zai zama ainihin ado na gidanka.

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