Thoraya mai ban mamaki a cikin gidan: nau'ikan nau'ikan jinsin halittar Cleistocactus. Wace fure za a zaɓa kuma yaya za a iya sarrafa ta?
Cleistocactus na jinsi ne na Kudancin Amurka cacti; ba da dadewa ba, wannan jinsi ya hada da wasu nau'ikan kananan kamfanonin cacti, wadanda a da ake daukar kansu masu cin gashin kansu. A halin yanzu, cleistocactus ya haɗa da kusan ƙananan ƙananan tsire-tsire 50 waɗanda ke cikin dangin cacti na Kudancin Amurka.
Kwanan nan, wannan nau'in na cacti ya zama sananne a matsayin tsire-tsire na gida.
Bayanin tsirrai
Wannan ɗayan ɗayan yana ɗauke da ɗayan mafi kyawun dukkan cacti. Homelandasar wannan tsiron ita ce Latin Amurka, inda take girma a zahiri, a cikin wasu yankuna na arewacin, ana tsirar da cleistocactus a gida.
Succulent plant yana da Latin sunan Cleistocactus, duk da haka, ya fito ne daga Girkanci "cleisto", wanda ke nufin "rufaffen", wannan nau'in murtsunguwa ya samo wannan sunan ne saboda keɓantuwar furanninta, waɗanda kusan koyaushe rufaffiyar tubes masu tsayi daban-daban.
An fara gano shuka a cikin 1861 a cikin duwatsu. Tunda jinsin yana da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, tushe na waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan na iya zama da yawa sosai. Zai iya zama madaidaiciya, da masauki, da kuma rassa, amma a sifa dukkansu suna yin silinda.
Kullun yana da kyan gani, a saman akwai ƙananan ƙwayoyi masu launin fari, launin toka ko launin rawaya. Girman cactus ya dogara da nau'in, wasu na iya kaiwa mita 4. Lokacin girma a cikin gida, girman Cleistocactus zai zama ƙarami.
Irin
Kwayar halittar ta ƙunshi nau'ikan da yawa, amma mafi shaharar su ana iya rarrabewa.
Lokacin hunturu
Ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa ba masu kauri ba, amma dogaye, masu rawaya rawayaSpines na wannan jinsin launin kore-rawaya ne, kuma furannin ruwan hoda ne tare da cibiyar lemu.
Tupiyanci
Yana da dogaye da dan kadan kore mai tushe. Mai tushe yana da spines tare da launuka daban-daban na ruwan hoda. Furannin ja ba su da yawa.
Mai rubutawa
Jigon wannan tsiron gajere ne, an rufe shi da adadi mai yawa na farin allura. Furannin rawaya suna kusan kusan duka kewaye da tushe. Saboda "fluffiness" da adadi mai yawa na furanni, ana ɗaukar raƙuman raye ɗayan mafi kyawun ado a cikin jinsin halittar (karanta game da fluffy cacti a nan).
Emerald
Tushen wannan nau'in na iya zama ko tsayayye ko wani ɓangare masu rarrafe. Dogayen raƙuman rawaya ba safai ba. Furannin suna da launin ruwan hoda kuma suna da iyaka a saman saman (karanta game da cacti tare da ƙayayyan ruwan hoda da furanni anan).
Strauss
Cactus mafi yaduwa a cikin jinsinsa, jigon wannan nau'in yana da tsawo kuma galibi ana reshe shi, allurar azurfa tana daɗa rufe gindin. Furannin Strauss Cleistocactus sun shigo cikin dukkan tabarau na ja da ruwan hoda.
Kulawar gida
- Hasken wuta. Cleistocactus yana buƙatar haske mai kyau koyaushe. Shuka ba ta jin tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye saboda ƙwarewar ƙaya. A lokacin rashin isasshen hasken rana (a cikin kaka da hunturu), dole ne a haskaka masu nasara lokaci-lokaci tare da fitilun shuka na musamman.
- Shayarwa da danshi. Wannan tsiron ya dace sosai da iska mai bushewa da rashin danshi, duk da haka, ya fi dacewa a kiyaye kasar da ke karkashin murtsunguwar dan kadan a kowane lokaci, tunda shima ba zai yuwu a ambaliyar da shi da yawa ba, saboda akwai hatsarin shuke shuke. Hakanan zaku iya shayar da dunƙulen katako da ruwan dumi don kula da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun da cire ƙura.
- Zazzabi. Yayin farkawar shuka, ya zama dole a kula da yanayi mai dumi sosai (kimanin + 25 ° С), a lokacin hutun hunturu na cleistocactus, yanayin zafin jiki ya zama mai sanyi (kusan + 15 ° С).
Mahimmanci! Cleistocactus baya jure canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi, saboda haka dole ne a yi miƙa mulki a hankali.
- Firamare Ya kamata a gudanar da shuki a cikin cakti na musamman da aka shirya don cacti, ko ƙirƙirar ƙasa da kanku ta hanyar haɗuwa da peat, turf, ƙasa mai laushi da yashi mara nauyi a cikin rabo na 1: 2: 2: 4.
Kada mu manta game da magudanar ruwa, tunda cleistocactus baya jure wuce haddi na danshi, dole ne a zubar da shi tukunyar tare da murfi na cm da yawa.
- Wiwi Lokacin dasa shukar wannan nau'in murtsunguwa, yakamata a ba tukwanen yumbu matsakaici. Kowane dasawa yakamata a aiwatar dashi ta hanyar zabar tukunya mai girman 2-3 cm.
- Yankan Yanke Cleistocactus ba shi da banbanci da yanka cactus na yau da kullun:
- Da farko kuna buƙatar shirya duk abin da kuke buƙata (mai kaifi ko wuƙa, sabon tukunyar dasawa, ƙasa da magudanar ruwa) don datsewar da ta dace.
- Bayan shiri, kuna buƙatar yanke yanki daga tsohuwar shuka 7-8 cm.
- Sannan kuna buƙatar niƙa abin yanka a cikin siffar fensir don idan ya bushe, saman murtsunguwar ba ya zama kamar mazurari.
- Bayan wannan, ya kamata ku bushe da murtsunguwar a cikin akwati na kimanin mako ɗaya ku dasa shi a cikin ƙasa wanda ya dace da cleistocactus.
Canja wurin
- Da farko kana buƙatar shirya ƙasa, magudanan ruwa da tukunya mai diamita na 5-7 cm mafi girma fiye da na baya.
- An yi hutu a cikin ƙasa na sabuwar tukunya, wanda zai dace da girman tushen Cleistocactus.
- Bugu da ari, a cikin safofin hannu na musamman kuma tare da taimakon kayan aikin lambu, an cire murtsunguwa daga ƙasa.
- Ana sanya murtsunguwa a cikin zurfin zurfin ƙasa, to dole ne a yayyafa tushen da ƙasa.
- Yanzu abin da ya rage shi ne a jika ƙasa a hankali.
Yakamata a dasa wani matashi a kowane bazara, bayan diamita daga tukunya ya fi 15 cm, ya kamata ayi dashen kowane shekara 2.
- Top miya. Yakamata a gudanar da babban suturar Kleistocactus kowane mako 2 tare da takin zamani na musamman don wadatattun yara; a lokacin hunturu, babu buƙatar takin kakakin.
- Wintering. Wintering ga duk cacti lokaci ne na musamman. Don lokacin hunturu, ya kamata a cire cleistocactus zuwa bushe, duhu da kuma wuri mai sanyi. Zafin jiki mafi kyau don hunturu shine + 10-12 ° C, shayarwa a wannan lokacin ya zama kadan, babban abu shine cewa dunƙun ƙasa bai bushe gaba ɗaya.
Fasali na kula da waje
Girma Cleistocactus a waje yana nufin bunƙasa shi a ƙarƙashin halaye masu dacewa. Sabili da haka, noman wannan succulent mai yiwuwa ne kawai a yankuna tare da yanayi mai ɗumi sosai da yawan kwanaki tare da iyakar hasken rana. A cikin Rasha, haɓakar murtsattsu mai yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin ƙananan yankuna na kudanci. Kactus ya kamata ya sami isasshen hasken rana, abubuwan gina jiki, da danshi su zama ba tare da wuce haddi ba. Wannan yana nufin cewa wajibi ne a kula da ƙasa koyaushe kuma, idan ya cancanta, jiƙa da takin.
Yadawa ta hanyar tsaba da aiwatarwa ta kai tsaye
Don haɓaka murtsunguwa ta hanyar tsaba kuna buƙatar:
- Shirya tsaba ta jiƙa su a ruwa.
- Shirya ƙasa da tukunya ta amfani da tukwici na baya.
- Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai danshi, kuma sanya tukunyar a wuri mai rana.
- Jira fitowar tsire-tsire, sa'annan, lokacin da mai nasara ya girma, dole ne a dasa shi a cikin tukunya mafi girma kowane lokaci.
Lokacin da Kleistokactus ke yadawa tare da aiwatar da layi, kuna buƙatar:
Da farko kana buƙatar zaɓar "jarirai" mafiya ƙarfi da lafiya kuma ka raba su da kyau daga mahaifiya.
- Sannan suna bukatar a shanya su kamar yadda ake yi lokacin yanka.
- Kuna buƙatar shirya tukunyar da ta dace, zuba magudanan ruwa da ƙasa don succulents a ciki.
- Bayan haka, bayan dasa shukar ta gefe a cikin ƙasa, dole ne a ɗaura shi zuwa goyan baya don ya sami tushen da kyau.
- Dole ne a jika ƙasa a kowane lokaci, lokacin da harbin ya sami tushe ya girma, kana buƙatar fara ciyarwa.
- Hakanan harbi yana buƙatar dasa shi koyaushe cikin babbar tukunya.
Bloom
Cleistocactus ya fara fure bayan shukar ta girma kuma ya kai tsawon kusan rabin mita. Wanan suna girma dogo kuma suna da haske sosai, galibi launuka masu launin hoda tare da fari fari. Furen yana buɗewa kawai sashi, amma wannan baya hana shi zama kyakkyawa sosai.
Cututtuka da kwari
Sakamakon kulawa mara kyau ko yanayi mara kyau, nau'ikan ruɓi iri-iri na iya bayyana akan murtsatsi. Dole ne a raba guntun cutar nan da nan daga sauran, in ba haka ba yana barazanar cikakken mutuwar tsire-tsire. Mealybugs ko gizo-gizo kuma zai iya zama akan Kleistokactus. Dole ne a yi yaƙi da su ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman waɗanda ake siyarwa a shagunan filawa da na lambu.
Makamantan succulents
Tsire-tsire masu kama da Cleistocactus sun hada da adadi masu yawa na succulents, daga cikinsu akwai:
- Aporocactus - murtsattsen murtsatse mai cike da kyawawan furanni.
- Mammillaria - murtsun-murtsattsen murtsattsen mai ɗakuna, mai ɗan tsawo zuwa sama, tare da furanni masu ruwan hoda
- Trichocereus fari - cactus na columnar tare da fararen furanni (ƙarin bayani game da trichocereus a nan).
- Cereus - murtsatsi mai kama da ɗaya ko sama da haka, tare da furannin zygomorphic a kan mai tushe.
- Ciwon ciki - murtsatse, wanda aka fitar da tushe daga lokaci zuwa wani lokaci mai faɗi, furanni suna saman saman murtsunguwar.
Kammalawa
Cleistocactus shine kyakkyawan zaɓi na tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Wannan mawuyacin halin bashi da sha'awa kuma yana da tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari da yawa.