Honeysuckle: kyawun fuskoki da yawa, ba zaku iya taimakawa amma kuna son shi!

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Honeysuckle tsire-tsire ne na musamman wanda aka samo shi a cikin lambuna da wuraren shakatawa. An dasa shrub din a matsayin shinge na ado, da iri iri, da kuma amfanin gona. 'Ya'yan itacen na duniya ne, ana amfani dasu don shirya jellies, jams, liqueurs da liqueurs, sun daskarewa kuma sun bushe. Ana amfani da dukkanin sassan shuka a cikin maganin gargajiya don rigakafi da maganin cututtuka daban-daban.

Menene honeysuckle?

Honeysuckle shine kayan ado na yau da kullun da bishiyar shry tare da kambin lush. Sunan (Lonicera) "honeysuckle" bashi ne ga shahararren masanin ilmin kimiyyar lissafi kuma masanin tsirrai Adam Lonicera, wanda ya rayu a ƙarni na 14. Mafi yawan gaske a cikin arewacin duniya, a yankunan da yanayi mai yanayi. Shuke-shuke na iya samun madaidaiciya madaidaiciya ko mai rarrafe ko ƙwanƙolin kara. Ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, yana fure da wuri, yana cika iska da ƙanshi mai daɗi, wanda ke jan hankalin ƙudan zuma masu yawa.

Inda kuma menene amfani dashi

Kowace shekara, honeysuckle yana mamaye gonar lambu da kayan lambu. Akwai abin kauna game da ita! Ya yi fure a watan Mayu ɗayan na farko, yana faranta rai tare da kyawawan ƙwayoyi tare da ƙanshin almond-zuma, kuma fruitsa fruitsan itacen sun yi girma fiye da sauran shuke-shuke.

Suna yaba shi saboda sauƙin kulawa, amintaccen amfanin ƙasa, musamman a yankunan da ƙarshen ƙarshen bazara da gajeren lokacin rani, inda yanayin ba ya shagaltar da wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa na musamman. A sauƙaƙe yana jure damuna mai tsanani, har ma yayin furanni, sanyi na -5 baya shafar girbi mai kyau, wanda ba zai karɓi sauran fruitsa fruitsan itace ba.

Ana amfani da nau'ikan keɓaɓɓun kayan ado don aikin lambu na tsaye na arbors, pergolas da arches. Daga tsire-tsire tare da kambi mai daɗi da ɗimbin yawa, an kafa shinge masu ƙanshi, suna fure kusan zuwa sanyi sosai.

Masana dafuwa suna son 'ya'yan itace domin dandanonsu na musamman, ƙanshi da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan pectin, godiya ga wanda aka samu jelly mai yawa daga gare shi, ana amfani dashi azaman fenti mara lahani. Yana da kyau a cikin jam, a compote, za ku iya busar da shi, ku daskare shi, ku nika shi da sukari, ku yi giya da ruwan inabi, kuma wane irin dadi ne cike da kayan kwalliyar ya zama!

Ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin maganin gargajiya don magance cututtukan ciki, rashin jini, hauhawar jini, cututtukan fata, tsarin numfashi da sauransu. Honeysuckle yana da warkarwa ba wai kawai 'ya'yan itace ba, wanda ke ba da farawa zuwa lemun tsami dangane da abun cikin bitamin C, amma har da dukkan sassan: ganye, bawo, furanni.

Shuka iri

Mafi sau da yawa, honeysuckle, wanda ke da 'ya'yan itacen da ake ci, ana shuka shi a cikin lambuna. Irin mutanen Russia da aka fi so: Pavlovskaya, Borel, Blue Spindle, Amphora, Gzhelka, Vasyugan, Gerda, Titmouse, Nymph Sineglazka, Blue Bird, Bochkarskaya, Leningrad Giant, Cinderella, Kamchadalka da Chernichka. Idan ana so, a sauƙaƙe zaku iya samun cikakken kwatanci da bita akan kowane ɗayansu. Akwai nau'ikan sabon zaɓi, amma zasu iya kasawa a lokacin sanyi mai sanyi, kuma waɗannan an riga an gwada su tsawon shekaru ta ƙarni da yawa na lambu. Nau'o'in sun banbanta a lokacin da ake narkar da amfanin gona, tsayin bishiyoyi da siffar rassan, da kuma dandanon 'ya'yan itace.

Ba a rage shi ba

Mai cin abinci - daji yana karami, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da yawa, amma 'ya'yan itacen ba su da girma sosai, suna yin kimanin 0.7 g.' Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba tare da haushi ba, suna da halin zubar ƙasa. Ya dace da shinge. Shuka kusa da shi "Nymph" da "Nizhegorodskaya da wuri" don yin zaɓe.
Omega - Har ila yau, yana nufin nau'ikan da ba su da girma tare da kambi mai zagaye, amma 'ya'yan itacen sun fi girma kuma sun kai nauyin 1 g, ba za su iya “yin fahariya” da yawan amfanin ƙasa ba, amma kusan ƙwayoyin ba sa narkewa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba tare da ɗaci, mai daɗi da ɗaci ba, an dasa shuki a matsayin shinge.

Matsakaici

Nymph - karamin karami tare da kambin m da koren ganye mai duhu. 'Ya'yan itace suna da girma, 3 cm kowannensu, kuma nauyinsu ya kai 1.2 g, tare da kulawa da hankali, kowane daji yana faranta ransa tare da girbin kilo 1.5. 'Ya'yan itace suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, mai ɗanɗano mai tsami. Shuka kusa da Violet, Omega, Blue Spindle don aikin ƙira.
Katuwar Leningrad - sunan yayi magana game da wurin zabi da girman 'ya'yan itacen. An yi amfani da zuriyar Kamchatka endemic a matsayin kayan farawa don kiwo. 'Ya'yan itacen berries sun fara da wuri, zasu iya kai girman kusan 4 cm, amma sau da yawa - 3 cm, suna da fata mai yawa, yawan amfanin daji ya kai kilogram 3. Wani fasali na nau'ikan, ban da girman berries, shine tsarin su - a cikin bunches, wanda ke hanzarta girbi. 'Ya'yan itacen suna dandano ba tare da dacin rai da daci ba, ba ya narkewa daga cikin daji na dogon lokaci.

Tsayi

Volkhova - daji tare da babban kambi mai tsayi, tsayi tare da harbe mai kauri. Ya samo sunan daga kogin da ke gudana a yankin Leningrad, inda aka kiwo. Yana da nau'ikan da ke da matsakaicin lokacin girbi, 'ya'yan sun bayyana a tsakiyar watan Yuni. 'Ya'yan itacen berries sun kai tsawon 1.7 cm, kuma nauyin daya ya kai 0.8 g, suna da fatar da ba ta da yawa, kuma dandanon yana da daɗi. Girbi har zuwa kilogram ɗaya da rabi zuwa kilo biyu a kowane daji. Yin watsewa ba shi da mahimmanci, wanda bumblebees ya lalata shi, wanda aka dasa kusa da wasu nau'o'in, misali: Lazurnaya, Pavlovskaya. Yana jure wa tsananin sanyi.
Hannun Tatar - shrub na ado, yana girma har zuwa mita 2.5, mai jure sanyi, mai jure fari, lokacin yankan, zaka iya saita kambin zuwa kowane irin tsari. Wani shuki na shekaru 3-4 ya fara fara daga Mayu zuwa Yuni, 'ya'yan itace masu haske suna fara nunawa a watan Yuli-Satumba, ba za su ci ba. Ya dace a matsayin shinge na ado.
Oneunƙarar ƙwanƙwasa - mafi kyawun ƙanshin honeysuckle a cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri, ƙwanƙwashin murfinsa na iya kaiwa mita 6. A fassarar, ana nufin "ganyen akuya", yana girma zuwa girman 10 cm tsayi kuma 4 cm a faɗi. Kyawawan manyan furanni na ruwan hoda ko launi mai tsami tare da kamshi mai ƙanshi, wanda ke ƙaruwa da yamma. Ana yin tincture na giya da su, kuma ana yin decoction daga ganyen, wanda da shi suke kurkura maqogwaro da ciwon makogwaro kuma suke wanke kai da zubewar gashi, yana kuma taimakawa ciwon ciki.

Bidiyon bidiyo

Irin

'Ya'yan itace na Honeysuckle, ba tare da la'akari da jinsin ba, sun girbe a baya fiye da sauran albarkatun' ya'yan itace. Wasu suna fure a lokaci guda kamar yadda yake, amma suna bada .a fruitan daga baya. Berries na iri daban-daban na tsire-tsire dangane da girma zasu iya bambanta wata ɗaya da rabi.

Da wuri

Titmouse - wani ɗan samari iri-iri, wanda aka yi a Moscow a 1998 ta A.G. Kuklina da A.K. Skvortsov, ma'aikatan Babban Botanical Garden. Ana rarrabe shi da yalwar 'ya'yan itace, baya crumble, kuma yana jure sanyi a lokacin fure ba tare da sakamako ga girbi ba. Berries ba tare da haushi ba, mai ƙanshi, mai nauyi har zuwa 1 g, ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano da ɗanɗano, fasalin elongated tare da halayyar farin fari. Girbi yana farawa a cikin shekaru goma na biyu ko na uku na Yuni.
Strawberry - wani nau'in honeysuckle na farko, wanda Cibiyar Bincike ta Ural ta Kudu ta Frua andan itaitan itace da Vegaetan lambu. Hesangaren da ke ba da amfani mai ƙarfi tare da harbe-harbe masu ƙarfi, har zuwa mita 2, masu jure daskarewa, sun fi son inuwa ko rana, kuma ba su da damuwa a cikin kulawa. Berries masu nauyi har zuwa 2 g, lokacin da cikakke, zauna a kan rassan na dogon lokaci, mai dadi sosai tare da ƙanshi na strawberry.

Late

Kurciya - iri-iri masu cin abinci tare da kyawawann amfanin ƙasa. Daga babban daji, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, zaku iya tattara kusan kilogiram 2 na 'ya'yan itace. A berries suna elongated, ku auna zuwa 1.6 g, duhu shuɗi tare da halayyar whitish Bloom, na bakin ciki fata da kuma m m ɓangaren litattafan almara. Dandanon yana da daɗi da ɗaci tare da ɗaci mai ɗaci, ya bayyana a ƙarshen Yuni ko farkon Yuli, kar a daɗe daga daji na dogon lokaci.
Serotin - honeysuckle mai ƙyalƙyali, na ado, furanni tare da kyawawan furanni masu ƙamshi, sa'annan suka juye zuwa 'ya'yan itacen jan. Yana fara fure a watan Yuni-Agusta, kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa Satumba-Oktoba, idan an cire inflorescences bushewa a lokaci kuma ba a ba da izinin 'ya'yan itatuwa su zama ba. Theanshin yana da daɗi, mai tuna linden, da yamma ana jin ƙanshin ya fi ƙarfi.
Liana - zai iya kaiwa mita 3-4 a tsayi, tare da haɓaka shekara-shekara har zuwa mita, an dasa shi tare da tallafi. Don lokacin hunturu, ana harbe harbe a hankali daga tallafi, an shimfida shi a ƙasa, an rufe shi da rassan spruce kuma an yayyafa shi da lokacin farin ciki na busassun ganye.
Volkhova - honeysuckle mai cin abinci. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa iri-iri: har zuwa kilogiram 1.5 a kowace daji. Berries da karfi da fata yin la'akari har zuwa 0.8 g, kai tsawon har zuwa 1,7 cm, ba ku dandana m, m, suna da matukar m aftertaste reminiscent na strawberries. Ba ta da damuwa a cikin kulawarta, mai jure sanyi, tana son inuwar sashi da kuma tushen tushen ruwan yau da kullun.

Yadda ake shuka da kula da honeysuckle

Honeysuckle na nufin amfanin gona mara kyau, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar kulawa. Ta fi son danshi, dumi mai kyau, ƙasa mai ni'ima, amma ƙananan rassan ya kamata su kasance cikin inuwa. Dole ne a kiyaye daji daga iska. Duk ƙasar ta dace banda yashi. Kada ayi shuka a wuraren da ruwan karkashin kasa yake kusa da farfajiyar.

SHAWARA! Shuka ta fi son pH na ƙasa 5.5-6.5, saboda haka, kimanin wata ɗaya kafin a dasa a wuri na dindindin, samar da ƙasa mai guba ta ƙara 1 sq. 200 g lemun tsami.

Idan seedling yana da buɗaɗɗen tushen tushen (ba tare da duniyan ƙasa ba), to ya fi kyau shuka shi a farkon kaka. A wannan lokacin, haɓakar harbe-shuke a cikin tsire-tsire yana tsayawa, lokacin bacci yana farawa. Idan seedling ya rufe tushen, to, a lokacin dukan girma kakar.

Gandun daji, idan ba a sare shi ba, ya kai girman girman su zuwa shekara bakwai, matsakaicin tsayinsa ya kai kimanin mita 2. A wannan lokacin, ana ba da shawarar yin sirara, yanke busassun rassan da ke kwance ƙasa. Honeysuckle ba currant bane, baya buƙatar matattara mai ƙarfi, amma baya jurewa da mitocin ko dai.

Kowane daji na girma zai iya kaiwa diamita har zuwa mita 2, kuma goge kwarangwal 15 zai iya girma a kai.

Shirin sauka mataki-mataki

Kwanaki 4 kafin dasawa, tono ramuka masu murabba'i (40x40x40 cm) tare da tazarar 1.5-2 m don ƙananan iri, kuma 2.5-3 m na masu tsayi.
Sanya kowane ruɓaɓɓen magudanar ruwa a cikin ramin (dutsen da aka niƙa, shards, kumbura mai yumɓu, karye tubalin, da sauransu)
Cika ramuka da ƙasa mai ni'ima hade da bokiti biyu na takin, kilogram na toka da 50 g na superphosphate. Don ƙasa takin yashi, ana ɗaukar bokiti kusan 3 tare da ƙari, idan ana so, na kilogram 4-5 na yumbu a kowace murabba'in mita.
Yana da kyau zubar da ramuka da ruwan sama ko ruwan da aka daidaita.
Zuba mazugi na ƙasa a tsakiyar ramin, sanya tsaba a hankali a saman, a daidaita asalinsu a hankali.
A Hankali yayyafa tushen da ƙasa a ƙananan rabo, bar wuya mara wuya. Zuba ruwa mai yawa a cikin ramin don daidaita duniyar da aka zubo. Idan ya cancanta, ƙara ƙasa sosai.
Cire ƙasar da ke kusa da akwatin don riƙe danshi a cikin zurfin da jawo hankulan ƙasa don sassauta ƙasar.

Bayan dasa shuki, sai kawai busassun bishiyoyi da gaɓoɓin da ke cikin rawanin ya kamata a datsa, tunda yankan gargajiya na jinkirta ci gaban shuka da farkon nunannun sa.

MUHIMMANCI! A cikin shekarar farko, ya zama dole a kai a kai ruwa, kuma don hunturu, rufe yankin da tushen tare da Layer na ciyawa (aƙalla 15 cm).

Daidaita kulawa

Ana iya tattara amfanin gona a cikin shekaru biyu, duk da haka, zai zama kaɗan. Amma wannan na ɗan lokaci ne, kuma tsawon shekaru, ya danganta da nau'ikan, zai kai kilogiram 2 kowace daji. Honeysuckle wani tsiro ne mai tsinkewa, kusan ba ya rashin lafiya kuma, tare da kulawa mai kyau, zai faranta maka rai da girbi na tsawan shekaru 30 ko fiye.

A lokacin bazara, kuna buƙatar taƙaitar da kambin daga busassun rassan da ke inuwa da shuka. A lokacin bazara, ƙara ƙwayoyin halitta a ƙarƙashin kowane daji, kuma idan dusar ƙanƙara ta fara narkewa, ciyar da ita da nitrogen. Tare da bayyanar furanni, sannan kuma fruitsa fruitsan itace, shayar da bishiyoyin tare da maganin ruwa mai ruwa na ash. Guji samuwar ɓawon ɓawon burodi tare da akwatin, ƙasar ta zama mai iska kuma ta ba da damar tushen su sha iska. Ya kamata a yi sassautawa a hankali, saboda tsarin tushen yana kusa da farfajiya, kuma an shayar dashi "a tushen".

Shawarwarin bidiyo

Yadda ake yada honeysuckle

Hanya mafi sauki da za'a yada honeysuckle a gida ita ce yanke 30 cm saman daga daji tare da shears a cikin bazara, sanya "bouquet" a cikin ruwa kuma dasa shi kimanin wata daya daga baya, lokacin da tushen ya bayyana. Don bayyanar su da sauri, ana iya saka wakilai na musamman a cikin ruwan. Matasa shuki zasu ba da girbi na farko cikin shekaru uku.

Hakanan zaka iya yin nau'in honeysuckle tare da tsaba, amma wannan hanyar tana da wahala, kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa. Wani rashin amfani shine cewa babu tabbacin amincin halaye daban-daban. Hakanan Honeysuckle yana hayayyafa ta hanyar yanki da kuma rarraba manyan ciyawar. Don amfanin ƙasa mai kyau, ya kamata a dasa iri da yawa a gefe ɗaya don haɓakar juna.

Wani fasali na honeysuckle daga sauran albarkatun berry shine cewa yana girma ne kawai har zuwa farkon bazara, sannan "hibernates". Saboda haka, ana iya dasa shi (tare da dunƙulen ƙasa) daga Yuli zuwa sanyi. A cikin bazara, tana farkawa da wuri, tun kafin ƙasa ta narke gaba ɗaya, kuma tuni ba ta haƙuri da dasawa.

Cuta da maganin kwari

Honeysuckle yana da kyau "rigakafi", shukar ba ta da lafiya. Babban abokan gaba sune aphids da honeysuckle. Don kawar da su, ya isa ya bi da shrubs tare da shirye-shirye na musamman nan da nan bayan girbi.

A lokacin sanyi, beraye na iya cutar da tsire-tsire. Fesa ciyawar da 3% sulfate na jan ƙarfe yana sanya rassan "marasa ɗanɗano" ga ɓoda, kuma suna aiki a matsayin rigakafin cututtukan fungal.

Fa'idodi da cutarwa na honeysuckle

Honeysuckle ana iya ɗauka a matsayin samfur na duniya, yana taimakawa tare da cututtuka daban-daban. 'Ya'yan itacen ta na berry, masu wadataccen abubuwa masu alaƙa, bitamin C da sauransu, suna girma a gaban kowa kuma suna taimakawa jiki cikin yaƙi da rashi bitamin na bazara.

Abubuwa masu amfani

'Ya'yan itacen berry ba wai kawai suna da daɗi ba ne, har ma suna da ƙoshin lafiya, ruwan' ya'yan su yana taimakawa don sauƙaƙa yanayin marasa lafiya da ƙonewa da marurai, kuma romo zai taimaka wajen kiyaye hawan jini kamar yadda ya kamata, amma bai kamata ku sha shi ba kafin lokacin bacci, saboda yana da tasiri mai tasiri sosai na yin fitsari.

Ana iya amfani da kayan kwalliyar da aka yi daga furanni da ganye don magance mura. Honeysuckle zai taimaka a cikin cututtukan cututtukan ciki, alal misali, yana iya yaƙi da ulcers da gastritis, kawar da raunin rauni, tsabtace magudanan jini da sake sabunta jiki. Kuma an shafa shi da sukari, zai zama ƙarin bitamin ga jiki yayin lokacin kaka-hunturu.

Cutar da contraindications

Babu wata takaddama mai mahimmanci don 'ya'yan honeysuckle, ya kamata ka ba su wuce gona da iri, kuma bai kamata a ba yara ƙanana ba. Ba da daɗewa ba, wasu mutane na iya fuskantar rashin haƙuri na mutum, wanda ake nunawa ta ƙaiƙayi, redness, rashes na fata, jijiyoyin tsoka, da rashin narkewar abinci. Dokar zinare ita ce cewa komai yana buƙatar ma'auni.

MUHIMMANCI! Rarrabe tsakanin honeysuckle mai ci da mai cin ciki. Kuna iya cin baƙar fata ko shuɗi mai shuɗi, ja da lemu masu dafi ne!

Honeysuckle jam a cikin cooker a hankali

Gwada matsawar honeysuckle tare da jan ruwa mai hade da shayi ya tashi fure a cikin matsi ko multicooker.

Sinadaran:

Honeysuckle - 1 kg;
Sugar - 1 kg;
Petals - 200 g;
Ruwan currant - 200 ml.

Shiri:

Saita yanayin "Frying" kuma dafa syrup ɗin daga ruwan 'ya'yan itace da sukari.
Honeysuckle yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano; fentin ruwan hoda zai taimaka ƙara da inuwa mai ban sha'awa a ciki. Zuba honeysuckle a cikin syrup, kunsa petals a cikin cheesecloth, saka a cikin mai dafa abinci mai jinkirin, rufe murfin.
Kashe dumama bayan minti 5, bar murfin a rufe, bari jam ɗin ta dahu na tsawon awa ɗaya.
Zuba a cikin kananan kwalba, rufe murfin tam. Duba matsi: a hankali, don kar ku ƙone kanku, juya tulun sama, idan babu kumfa, komai yana da kyau. Rufe jam din, bari yayi sanyi.

Ya zama wani kyakkyawan jam mai ban mamaki: duhu mai duhu mai yawa na jelly, wanda a ciki, kamar walƙiya mai haske, jan honeysuckle berries. Theanshin fure, bayan buɗe murfin, har yanzu bai bar kowa ba. Yaya kyau a maraice na hunturu, akan kopin shayi mai kamshi tare da wannan sihiri, don tuna lokacin rani.

Muna jiran zuwan bazara, bayyanar ganye na farko, 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itace a cikin gonar, amma har yanzu suna nesa. Anan ne honeysuckle zai taimaka, wanda zai fara fure da zarar dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, kuma don kulawa da kulawa a watan Yuni zai ba da ƙanshi da ƙoshin lafiya.

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