Nasihu don sabbin masu shuka fure: yadda ake kula da geranium masu kamshi? Hoto na furanni

A sakamakon aikin kiwo da ake yi don haifar da irin wannan gauraya ta wannan shuka, an sami iri da yawa.

Daga cikin nau'ikan geranium guda 400 wadanda suka warwatse a duniya, geranium mai kamshi ya fito ne ba don kwalliyarta ba, amma don yawan ciwan ƙamshi. A cikin yanayin dumi, ana noman ganyayyaki a cikin lambuna da gonaki. A cikin lattocin Rasha, geranium mai kamshi yana tsiro a cikin yanayin cikin gida.

Godiya ga aikin masu kiwo, sabbin nau'ikan iri-iri an kiwata su, suna yada fiye da ɗakuna 150. Shin wannan tsiron yana da furanni ko kuwa ba furanni bane?

A cikin labarin da ke ƙasa, za mu amsa tambayoyi game da kula da geraniums a gida, da kuma wane irin fure yake.

Menene?

Geranium mai kamshi na dangin Geraniev ne. Homelandasar asalin shuka ita ce Afirka ta Kudu. Ana samun sa a Afirka ta Kudu, Mozambique, Zimbabwe. Daga nahiyar ta kudu, masu jirgin ruwa na Ingilishi sun kawo shuka zuwa Turai a cikin 17th. Geraniums sun sami tushe a cikin Biritaniya, an ƙirƙiri mafi girma a cikin nurseries na perean shekaru masu ƙanshi. Wani shrub mai ƙamshi ya zo Rasha a ƙarni na 17 zuwa 19. An girma a cikin greenhouses na masu martaba.

A cikin lardin Cape na Afirka ta Kudu, dangi na kusa da geranium mai ƙamshi ya zama gama gari - irin wannan tsire-tsire kamar ƙamshi ko ƙamshi (ƙamshi) pelargonium (Pelargonium odoratissimum). Kuna koyo game da geranium mai ƙanshi a nan, kuma karanta game da fasalin ɗakin iri-iri anan.

Rashin yaduwar geraniums a duniya ya sami sauƙin ta rashin daidaituwa da daidaitawa ga yanayin gida. An dasa tsire-tsire mai kamshi cikin tukwane da kwantena. A lokacin dumi, ana amfani da shi don yin ado a farfaji, hanyoyi, mahaɗa, gado mai filawa.

Tushen tubus. Furanni ƙananan ne, farare, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences. An rufe ganye tare da gashin silky masu yawawanda, yayin taba shi, fitar da wani warin apple-mint mai dorewa.

Bayanin bayyana

Geranium mai kamshi shine keɓaɓɓen bishiyoyi wanda yake girma har zuwa mita 1. Tushen tushen yana da kyau. Ganyen kore ne mai haske, yatsu-yatsa. Furanni ƙananan ne, launuka masu launuka (fari, ruwan hoda). Suna da furanni guda biyar, galibi suna da furanni guda, sau da yawa tare da inflorescences. Shin yana fure ne ko kuwa? Wasu nau'ikan basa fure a gida tsawon shekaru, ana ajiye su don bayyanar kayan ganyayyaki da ƙanshi mai daɗi. Bayan flowering, 'ya'yan itace sun bayyana - akwatiinda tsaba suke.

Bishiyar tana da ƙanshinta na ban mamaki ga ƙananan gland a waje da cikin ganyayyaki. Suna kama da kyawawan gashi. Gland din suna cike da mahimmin mai. Amshin ya bazu daga taɓa ganyen. Wata iska na iya harzuka shi, kuma idan kun goge shi da hannuwanku, ƙanshin fure na fure, lemun tsami, kirfa ko mint zai bayyana. Wannan ba duk nau'ikan kayan ƙanshi da masu kiwo suke shayarwa ba.

Bayani. Geranium mai kamshi yana yada phytoncides a cikin dakin, wanda ke da tasirin maganin cutar kuma yana inganta bacci. Ganyensa na dauke da mayuka masu muhimmanci, flavonoids, sinadarin acid da sauran sinadarai masu amfani da magani, turare, da girki.

Mun rubuta game da kaddarorin magani da kuma hana yin amfani da kamshi na geranium a cikin wannan labarin.

Mashahurin shuke-shuke da hotuna na nau'ikan

Waɗannan ba duka ƙamshi ba ne, zaku iya samun nau'ikan tare da ƙanshin 'ya'yan itatuwa, allurai, barkono, kwakwa, ginger ko itacen girki.

Nau'in yau da kullun na geranium mai kamshi ya bambanta da ƙanshi, siffar ganye, inuwar furanni. Wasu daga cikinsu an haife su ƙarnuka da yawa da suka gabata:

• "Lady Plymouth" - daya daga cikin nau'ikan farko da aka bred a Burtaniya (1852). Ganyayyaki masu launin toka-kore ne, an rarraba, tare da gefen gefen farin fari. Furanni suna kaɗaita, ƙarami. Lavender. Yana kamshi kamar fure.
• "Royal Oak" - An sassaka ganyaye, kore ne da wuraren ruwan kasa. Furannin furannin ruwan hoda ne masu ɗauke da burgundy. Warin shine sabo ne na gandun daji.
• "Ruhun nana mai ruɗa" - tsire-tsire yana girma sosai a cikin yanayin cikin gida. An sassaka ganye, launin toka-kore, ƙananan furanni masu ruwan hoda. Yana yada ƙamshi mai ɗanɗano na mint.
• Apple Cider, Fringet Apple - perennial tare da ƙanshin apples. Bushes suna karami, ganye suna da koren haske tare da gefuna masu lanƙwashe. Furannin farare ne ko ruwan hoda mai haske.
• "Chariti", "Robert's Lemon Fure" - bambance-bambancen wadannan nau'ikan shine asalin cakuda kamshin lemon-ruwan hoda. Ganyayyaki manya ne, korene.

Dokokin abun ciki da tukwici

Ana girma geranium na kamshi a cikin tukwane ko a waje. Tsire-tsire a gida sune mafi ƙarancin matsala, amma geraniums na kan titi suna buƙatar sake shuka kowace kaka. Ba tare da ajiyar hunturu ba, zai mutu daga sanyi. Idan an dasa geranium a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ya kai girman girma a lokacin bazara. Matsaloli sun taso lokacin dasawa.

Shawarwarin. Gogaggen lambu bayar da shawarar binne shi a cikin ƙasa tare da tukunya. Wannan zai kiyaye ku daga matsaloli a cikin kaka. Geranium yana buƙatar iska mai tsabta, da wuri-wuri ana fitar dashi zuwa baranda ko farfaji. A lokacin sanyi, yana da kyau a bar iska ta shiga daki.

Yadda za a zabi wurin zama?

Wani tsiro da ya saba da rana na Afirka yana buƙatar sanyawa a cikin mafi hasken wuri. Wannan shine gefen kudu na ɗakin. Geranium baya jin tsoron hasken rana, amma a lokacin zafi yana da kyau a yi amfani da allon kariya don kare ganye daga ƙonewa. A lokacin hunturu, ana buƙatar ƙarin haske tare da fitilu. Gandun daji na siginar rashin haske tare da harbe-harben elongated da kodadde launi na ganye.

Wani irin ƙasa ne daidai?

Geranium mai kamshi yana buƙatar ƙasa mara tsaka. Kuna iya siyan shirye-shiryen cakuda na ƙasa waɗanda aka shirya don haɓaka waɗannan tsire-tsire (Aljannar Al'ajibai "Geranium"). Soilasa ta ƙunshi isasshen yashi da abubuwan gina jiki. Yawancin lokaci don ci gaban ƙasa, ƙasa an shirya ta da kansa... Ya kamata ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa:

1. ƙasa mai ganye;
2. yashi;
3. humus.

Ana daukar sinadaran daidai gwargwado. Kafin amfani, dole ne a kashe ƙasa - a mai da shi a cikin murhu, a bi da shi da maganin sinadarin potassium.

Mai kamshi ana dasa geraniums a cikin tukwanen yumbu na ƙaramin diamita... Dole ne a zubar da yumɓun da aka faɗaɗa a ƙasa don magudanar ruwa. Ana yin dasa shuki lokacin da tushen suka cika dukkan sararin samaniya. Sabon tukunyar ya zama ya fi girman cm 2-3 girma. Lokaci mafi kyau don aikin shi ne farkon bazara. Bayan dasawa, geranium baya bukatar ciyarwa har tsawon wata biyu.

Majalisar. Tushen da ke toshewa daga ramin magudanar ruwa a cikin tukunyar zai taimaka wajen tantance lokacin da za a dasa shi.

Dokokin kulawa

Geranium mai kamshi baya son yanayin zafi mai yawa, a lokacin rani yana da kyau a 18-25 °, kuma a cikin hunturu - a 14-15 °. Shuka na iya ƙirƙirar ajiyar danshi a cikin ganyayyaki da tushe, saboda haka baya buƙatar yawan ruwa. Isasa tana daɗaɗa bayan saman ya bushe. A lokacin rani - kowane kwana biyu ko uku. A cikin hunturu, an rage ruwan sha. A lokacin sanyi, toshewar ruwa yana haifar da lalacewar abin wuya.

Lokacin amfani da kayan miya na sama, ya kamata a tuna cewa yawan nitrogen na inganta ci gaban ganye, amma yana rage ƙanshi. Takin geraniums ya zama dole yayin lokacin girma. Lokacin amfani da shirye-shirye masu rikitarwa, gwargwadon sashi ya rabi. Kwayar halitta ta shagaltar da kwayoyin halitta, ya fi kyau a ƙi shi. Lush flowering yana sauƙaƙe ta hanyar gabatarwar phosphorus da potassium. A cikin hunturu, zaku iya ƙi ciyarwa.

Don samun yalwar furanni da karamin siffar shuke-shuke, ana ba da shawarar pruning kowane bazara. Bar fiye da uku buds daga ci gaban shekara-shekara. A lokacin rani, an harbe harbe, ƙirƙirar siffar daji da ake so. Kulawa yana farawa tare da farkon ci gaban geranium daga yankan. Ba tare da yankewa ba, shukar ta fara girma, an sami itacen inabi mai tsayi.

Cututtuka da kwari

Geranium mai kamshi yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka, babban dalilin bayyanar su shine kulawa mara kyau. Babban zafi da ƙananan acidity na ƙasa suna haifar da cututtukan fungal. Kara, tushe da tokawar launin toka yana shafar shuka lokacin da aka sha ruwa sosai.

Dalilin cutar shine fungal sporesyadawa a cikin yanayin danshi. Tushen ruushi yana tausasa asalinsu, rubewar ruɓa tana shafar fatar dabbobi, yana mai da su baƙi da kuka. Grey rot ya bayyana a matsayin abin almara a kan ganye da peduncles. Don magani, ana amfani da kayan gwari: Fundazol, Fitosporin-M, Topaz, Gamair. Baktofit. A cikin cuttings, baƙar fata ba ya warke. Zai fi kyau a lalata shuka da cutar. Bakara kasar gona.

A yanayin zafin iska mai tsayi, mites na iya daidaitawa akan ganyen. Karin kwari na ɓoye a gefen ganye. Suna huda da tsotso ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Takaddun ya zama datti, ya bushe da curls. Idan aka samu kwayoyin parasites, ana maganin shuka da sabulu. An bar abun da ke ciki na awanni 2-3, sa'annan a wanke da ruwa. Idan akwai mummunar lalacewa, ana buƙatar sinadarai: Karbofos, Karate Zeon, Fitoverm, Antiklesch.

Kwayoyin geranium sun hada da cin abinci da farin kwari. An rataye tarkuna masu ɗorewa a kansu a cikin wuraren shan iska. Ana kula da tsire-tsire masu cutar tare da magungunan kwari: Aktara, Aktellik, Confilor.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Yaduwar Geranium na faruwa ne ta hanyoyi guda uku:

1. rarraba daji;
2. yanka;
3. dasa shuki ta tsaba.

Hanyar mafi sauki kuma mafi inganci ita ce rooting din yankan. Yana ba ka damar adana duk kaddarorin mahaifiyar. An zaɓi ƙwanƙwasa mai ƙyalƙyali mai ƙyalli tare da ganye 3-4 don haifuwa. Rooting yana faruwa a cikin ruwa ko kuma kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa.

Yankin da aka sare dole ne ya kwanta na aƙalla awanni biyu kafin a dasa shihar sai raunin ya warke. Sannan an tsoma shi na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin Kornevin (haɓakar haɓaka). Forasa don dasa shuki ya zama sako-sako, numfashi. Kyakkyawan zaɓi shine cakuda 1: 1 na ƙasar duniya da perlite. Petiole yana samun tushe cikin makonni 2-3.

Kula dashi yana da sauki:

• yada haske;
• na lokaci-lokaci watering.

Majalisar. Mafi kyawun lokacin don kiwo geraniums tare da yankan ƙanshi shine Maris.

Wani sabon tsiro da aka girma daga yankakku ya fara fure bayan watanni shida. Rabon uwar daji kuma yana faruwa a lokacin bazara. Ana fitar da shi daga cikin tukunya kuma a raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa, kowane ɗayan yana da tushen sa da harbe shi. Ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane daban.

Yaduwar geraniums tare da tsaba mai ƙamshi zai buƙaci ƙarin lokaci da ƙoƙari. Don shuka, an dauki ƙasa, wanda ya ƙunshi peat, yashi, ƙasar sod (1: 1: 2). Ana kula da ƙasa tare da mafita na potassium permanganate. An shimfiɗa tsaba a farfajiya kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasar ƙasa. Istaƙasa ƙasa.

An rufe akwatin da gilashi ko polyethylene don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse. Ajiye akwatin a cikin ɗaki mai zafin zafin aƙalla 20-22 °. Bayan fitowan, an cire murfin. Ganyen farko sun bayyana a cikin watanni 1-2. Fure zai jira aƙalla shekara guda.

Geranium mai ɗanɗano ba tsiro mai sauƙi ba ne na ado. Godiya ga kamshi mai daɗi da lafiya, yana taimakawa ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau a cikin gida. Perennial yana da kaddarorin magani waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin kwalliya da magani.

Kalli bidiyon: YADDA AKE SACEWA MUTANE KUDI BA TARE DA IZININ SU BA (Yuli 2024).