Abin da kwari ke da haɗari ga cyclamen: yadda za a magance su da kuma hana cututtuka
Cyclamen tsire-tsire ne daga asalin rayuwar ɗangin Mirsinov. Akwai kusan jinsuna ashirin a cikin jinsin halittar. A dabi'a, tana zaune ne a Bahar Rum, Arewa maso Gabashin Afirka, Iran da Turkiyya. Godiya ga aikin kiwo, wasu nau'ikan suna girma akan windowsill, baranda da loggia.
Masu sayar da furanni suna siyan cyclamen cikin gida don amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan shi don magance sinusitis. Wasu lokuta yakan mutu kafin ya sami lokacin ba da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, kuma duk saboda kwari. Bari mu gano wane kwari ne yafi yawa kuma menene hanyoyin ma'amala dasu.
Menene wannan tsiron?
Cyclamen yana da ban sha'awa tushen sifa. Yana da lalataccen corm na madaidaiciyar siffar zagaye. Mizanin sa ya kai cm 15. Akwai mahimmin ci gaba daya a kanta, kuma ba da yawa ba, kamar yadda yake a sauran tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Ta yaya zaku iya fahimtar ganyen? Su fata ne, na asali da na zuciya. Suna girma a kan petioles, tsayinsu yakai cm 30. Launin ganye ganye ne duhu mai duhu, kuma samfurin akan su shine mai launin toka-toka.
Lokacin furanni akan cyclamen, buɗaɗɗen sifa ta asali suna buɗewa. Daga gefe da alama wasu baƙon malam buɗe ido suna tsaye a saman ganyayyaki a kan dabbobin. Me yasa wannan ra'ayi? Saboda an nuna buds da ninkewa baya. Suna da siffar yanki. Dogaro da nau'in cyclamen, furanni na iya zama shuɗi, ja da burgundy. Lokacin fure shine watanni 3.
Hankali! Kodayake wasu masu shuka suna ɗaukar cyclamen a matsayin abin damuwa, a zahiri ba haka bane. Yana da mahimmanci kawai a bi wasu buƙatun kulawa, kuma ba zai zama matsala ba.
Dalilin cututtuka
Me yasa marasa lafiyar cyclamens suke rashin lafiya:
- Overdried iska na cikin gida.
- Soilasa mai cike da ruwa a cikin tukunya (zaka iya gano yadda zaka adana cyclamen da aka ambaliya anan).
- Babban zafin jiki na iska a cikin ɗakin.
- Selectedasar da aka zaɓa ba daidai ba
- Shayar lokacin da ba a buƙata ba.
- Rashin hasken rana.
Bayani, hoto da hanyoyin magani
Mafi sau da yawa, masu noman fure suna fuskantar nau'ikan kwari iri uku lokacin da suke haɓaka cyclamens. Suna shafar aphids, thrips, cyclamen ticks. Shin kawar da su yana da wuya?
Aphid
Aphids sune kwaro mafi ban haushi... Abinda kawai masu farawa ke iya gudanarwa a lokacin da ta bayyana shine yakar ta. Babban abu shine ɗaukar mataki lokacin da alamun lalacewa na farko suka bayyana. Wannan kwarin yana shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace, yana haifar da lahani nan take da lalacewa na dogon lokaci. Bayan sun wuce tarin aphids akan ganyayyaki da buds, bayan ɗaukar matakan kuma tare da flowering na gaba, basuyi mamakin fasalin tsarin furannin ba. Smallaramar ƙwarin da ba ta da fikafika mai tsawon jiki 1.4-2.5 mm tsotse ruwan itace daga laushin kyallen takarda na cyclamen.
Magana! Yana da sauƙin fahimtar cewa aphids yana shafar cyclamen. Shuka ta daina girma, kuma ganyen ya kewaya. Idan ka lura da kyau, za ka ga fatar da aka zubar ta hanyar narkar da kwari. Suna kamar dandruff akan gashin ku.
Don kayar da aphids, ɗauki auduga auduga wanda aka jiƙa da maganin kashe kwari na Aktara, Corado ko Kwamandan. Bayan wannan magani, ana shayar da tsire-tsire daga shawa tare da rafin ruwa mai ƙarfi.
Garkuwa
Wani kwaro wanda yake cutar da cyclamen shine kwarin sikeli... Wannan kwaro na gidan Pseudococcid.
Mahimmanci! Rashin lura da kwaron akan bishiyoyi da ganye a lokaci, basuyi mamakin mutuwar furen ba bayan makonni 2-3.
Manya, waɗanda suke bayyana kamar ɗigon duhu akan ganye da tushe, yawanci basa motsi. Vaan tsutsa ne kawai ke rarrafe a kan furen, yana cutar da shi ko'ina.
Wani lokaci magani tare da maganin kwari baya kawo sakamakon da ake so. Mai shuren furen yayi ƙoƙari ya cire ƙananan kwari masu ban haushi tare da jikin mm 5 a cikin ɓangaren tare da dam ɗin mai ɗumi, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci sai su sake bayyana. Gaskiyar ita ce, mazan da suka manyanta suna da fikafikai. Da zaran sun ji cewa wani abu ba daidai bane, kawai zasu tashi ne zuwa wani daji. Sabili da haka, maimaita jiyya tare da maganin Actellik da Aktar a tsakanin makonni biyu ko wata ɗaya, kuma an ware furen da ke cutar da wasu.
Tsawon lokaci
Wani kwaro ma kwari ne mai kyau. Mutane masu tsawon 2 mm suna son abin ganye. Godiya ga fikafikan su, suna tashi daga wannan ganye zuwa wani, da sauri lalata shuka. Yakamata furannin furanni suyi aiki har sai ganyayyakin yakai sillar sillar... Sannan sakamakon zai zama mafi tsanani: hanawa cikin girma, ɗigo a kan furanni da nakasassu.
Magana! Me yasa thrips yake bayyana? Suna samun tagomashi ta yanayin zafi haɗe da ƙarancin ƙarancin iska.
Idan microclimate a cikin ɗakin ba a canza shi ba, mai cyclamen zai mutu bayan tabo ya bayyana akan furannin, da kuma ɓoye ɓoye mai laushi akan ganyen.
Thrips kwari ne wanda yafi saukin kiyayewa fiye da tsayawa. Don kula da danshi da ake so, fesawa daga kwalbar feshi ko kwantena na ruwa, sanyawa kusa da tukunyar cyclamen, taimaka. A yakin da ake yi da kwari, ana amfani da kaset din tarko da magungunan kwari Akarin, Arrivo da Apache.
Lokacin sarrafa tsire-tsire na cikin gida, ana narkar da Akarin kamar haka: Ampoule 5 ml tare da magani don rabin lita na ruwa. Yana da tasiri idan ɗakin zafin jiki ya kasance + 18-20⁰С. Bayan kwana biyu, ana sake basu kulawa ta hanyar lafiya dan karfafa sakamako..
Tsarin Cyclamen
Yana da wuya a rabu da tikitin cyclamen idan ya zaɓi cyclamen. Dalilin mai sauki ne: Gaskiyar ita ce, wannan kwaron karami ne sosai, yana kama da yanki na ƙura, kuma ba kamar babban abokin gaba ba. Wannan ra'ayi kuskure ne.
Babban mutum barazana ce ga rayuwar shukar. Babu ƙananan cutarwa da larvae ke aikatawa, waɗanda ke tsotse dukkan ƙarfin daga gare ta ta ruwan 'ya'yan itace masu gina jiki.
Kada ku dame cyclamen da gizo-gizo mites, na biyu ana iya rarrabe shi da ido mara kyau. Ana iya ganin Cyclamen kawai da kyau tare da haɓaka ƙarfi.
Magana! Masu shuka furannin Newbie suna tunanin cewa tikitin cyclamen yana shafar cyclamen kawai. Wannan ba gaskiya bane. Yana cutar da azaleas, fuchsias, balsam, Kalanchoe, da sauransu.
Ana gano shi da latti, lokacin da ba za a iya yin wani abu don yaƙar kwaro ba. Yadda za a fahimci cewa shuka ba ta da lafiya?
Mite na Cyclamen zai bayyana idan zafin ɗakin ya yi yawa... Da farko, murfin ƙura a kan sassan jikin shukar, wanda ake gani a cikin ɗakunan samfuran samari, fure masu fure da wuraren girma. Saboda faduwar gaba daya dukkan bangarorin cyclamen din, cyclamen din ya daina girma, ganyen ya koma rawaya ya koma. Tickki na ninkawa da sauri: bayan sati uku samari masu tasowa zasu bayyana, wanda zai fara lalata sassan da ba'a lalata su ba.
Lura da alamun lalacewar cyclamen da kaska, nan da nan suka keɓe shi daga wasu tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Wasu manoman suna kokawa da shi ta hanyar nitsar da tukunyar da shi a cikin ruwan zafi na tsawan mintuna 15. Bayan wannan lokaci, an cire duk sassan da abin ya shafa. Bayan aiwatar da irin wannan magudi tare da cyclamen, ana cire tukunyar zuwa wurin inuwa kuma a ajiye ta a ciki na wasu kwanaki.
Zazzabin ruwan da aka tsoma furen cikinsa 45⁰С... Ya kamata a canza shi na mintina goma sha biyar.
Rigakafin
Shuke-shuken gida suna da wahalar warkewa. Don hana furen mutuwa, yana da kyau a hana cututtukan cyclamen. Hakanan, mai yawa ya dogara da inda kuka siye shi. Idan daga hannaye, lalacewar ganye, mai tushe da furanni ta aphids da thrips mai yiwuwa ne. Ba su taɓa keta yanayin kulawar da aka ba da shawara ba, tunda kowane ɓataccen yanayi yana cike da bayyanar kwari.
Duba shuka a kowace rana... Kada a rasa ganye ɗaya ko fure yayin dubawa tare da gilashin kara girman abu. Idan sun sami tabo, zasu ware shi daga wasu kuma zasu fara daukar matakan shawo kan cutar. Wani lokacin hatta maganin kwari baya lalata kwaro a karon farko. Shin ba sauki a dauki matakan kariya ba?
Hankali! Don hana kwari bayyana, ana yin busasshiyar ƙasa kuma ana yin tururi kafin dasa cyclamen. Don dalilai na rigakafi, ana bi da shi tare da maganin sinadarin potassium permanganate.
Yakamata ya zama mai rauni kuma ɗan hoda mai kala. Potassium permanganate ingantacciyar hanya ce ta yaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta da fungal. Kada a yawaita yin takin zamani da takin nitrogen, wanda ke rage rigakafin cyclamen.
Muna ba da shawarar karantawa game da wasu matsaloli yayin girma na cyclamen, musamman game da abin da za a yi idan ya bushe ko ya bushe. Kuma zaku iya gano game da yadda ake rayar da tsire-tsire wanda ke mutuwa saboda dalilai daban-daban anan.
Kammalawa
Cyclamen, wanda furanninsa masu haske akan dogayen kafafu suke bugawa daga can cikin zurfin ganye, da wuya ya kamu da rashin lafiya. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, masu noman fure ba su san matsala da shi ba. Kuna buƙatar cire ganyen rawaya mai dacewa, waɗanda sune tushen cututtuka, ruɓewa da yaɗuwar kwari. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci kada ayi overtoisten ko overdry ƙasar a tukunyar.