Terry pelargonium: iri, haifuwa da kula gida

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Nau'in pelargonium na zamani suna da wahalar kwatantawa da bishiyoyin geranium na "kaka, waɗanda lalatattun launuka masu launin jan hoda ko ruwan hoda ke ta fahariya a farfajiyar windows na ƙauyukan birni, a gaban lambun da baranda. Duk da cewa tsire-tsire ba su zama masu kamun kai ba, a yau ana samun nau'ikan iri ga masu noman furanni waɗanda ke faranta ransu tare da dogayen furanni ba mai sauƙi ba, amma ɗimbin furanni biyu, kuma palolin inflorescences suna da faɗi daban.

Terry pelargonium a kan windowsill na iya zama kyakkyawan kayan ado don gidanku na ciki. Ushawanta mai haske da haske zai taimaka wajan samar da yanayi mai kyau akan baranda a lokacin bazara, tare da ƙara bayanan ƙwarewa da kyan gani zuwa yanayin gidan ku na bazara.

Bayanin tsirrai da tarihin asali

Terry pelargonium tsire-tsire ne na cikin gida (da lambu) na yanayin rayuwar Pelargonium na dangin Geranium, wanda ke faruwa a cikin daji a cikin yanayin rabin-shrubs kuma sau da yawa ƙasa da shrubs. Tsire-tsire suna shekara-shekara ne kuma na shekara-shekara. A cikin duka, akwai nau'in pelargonium har zuwa 350.

Daga cikinsu, nau'ikan iri-iri na iya zama terry: sarauta, shiyya, aiwi (ampelous), da dai sauransu. Ana kiran su terry saboda suna da fentin sama da takwas a jere daya, waɗanda aka lakafta ɗayan ɗayan, wannan shine dalilin da yasa suke da kyau sosai. Ciyawar furannin suna kama da bakin buzu, abin da ya sa suka samo sunan daga kalmar Helenanci Pelargos - stork. A cikin mutane, saboda kamannin waje, pelargonium galibi ana kiran shi geranium.

Homelandasar mahaifar fure ƙasa ce ta Afirka ta Kudu, da Indiya. A karo na farko, an gabatar da pelargonium zuwa Turai a ƙarshen karni na 18, kuma an yaba da shi nan da nan - an haɓaka shi sosai kuma an girma a cikin gidaje da yawa, gadaje na lambu da kuma greenhouses. Kuma ba da daɗewa ba, an san shuka a matsayin alama ce ta zamanin Victoria kuma ta zama sifa ta al'ada ta cikin gida.

A cikin Rasha, furen ya sami farin jini sosai daga baya, lokacin da a Turai sun riga sun manta da shi kuma sun ɗauki abin da ke ciki alamar rashin dandano. Na dogon lokaci, launin ja da hoda pelargonium mai haske a jikin tagogin iyayenmu mata. Koyaya, makiyaya na Turai sun sauka ga kasuwanci kuma sun yi nau'ikan nau'ikan iri-iri. Inda, furen bako ne maraba a cikin gidaje da yawa har zuwa yau.

A cewar wani fasalin, an shuka shukar ne a cikin 1631 ta wani masanin ilimin tsirrai na Ingilishi - John Tradescant. Ya yi girma samfurin kwalliya uku daga gean itacen geranium na Indiya.

NASIHA! An kira furanni Pelargonium tun 1789. Karni da rabi kafin hakan ana kiransu geraniums.

Nawa ne kudin fure?

Kudin pelargonium a cikin tukunya (shuka mai girma) ya bambanta tsakanin 200 rubles ko fiye, farashin tsaba don shuka daga 30 zuwa 100 rubles.

Bayanin bayyana da fasali

Terry pelargoniums suna da adadi mai yawa da aka tattara a cikin inflorescences mai laimakama da iyakoki zagaye. Ideasan gefen petals ya fi haske, yana sa furannin su zama masu haske.

Tsire-tsire suna da madaidaiciya da ƙarfi, an rufe shi da ganyen lush. Ganyen yana da ɗan velvety zuwa taɓawa. Representedananan launuka da launuka masu launi suna wakiltar inflorescences: fari, ruwan hoda, shunayya, da dai sauransu.

Pelargoniums suna da ƙamshi mai ɗanɗano, wanda shine dalilin da yasa wasu suke samun ciwon kai (saboda haka, tsiron bai dace da kowa ba). Wannan warin yana tsoratar da kwari kamar kwari da kwari. A kan wasu mutane, akasin haka, furcin ƙanshin fure yana da nutsuwa, yana saukaka ciwon kai da rashin bacci, kuma yana da fa'ida mai amfani akan cututtukan zuciya da hauhawar jini.

Shuke-mai buƙatar haske, yana iya jurewa fari kuma ba shi da kyau a kiyaye shi.

Mafi yawan iri

Irin waɗannan nau'ikan kamar purple terry pelargonium, farin terry da angel terry suna da mashahuri.

Launin shuni

Yawancin nau'in terlar pelargonium ana kiransu purple., musamman: Brookside Fantasy (launi mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi, furanni masu laushi), Amethyst (launi mai laushi), Lara Gem (launi mai launi), Bold Pixie (launi mai launi zuwa launi), PAC Icecrystal (purple-lilac).

Magana! Ire-iren tsire-tsire masu tsayi suna cikakke ga masu son baƙon yanayi, za su ba wa ɗakin kyakkyawar fara'a da sihiri.

Fari

White irin terry pelargonium sun hada da: Granny Barter (a cikin sifa sun yi kama da bakunan 'yan mata masu farin-dusar dusar ƙanƙara), Articles Princess (ƙanƙara masu farin jini a duniya), Delta Pearl, PAC Blanca, Dowepoint, Destiny, da sauransu.

Irin waɗannan nau'ikan sun dace da masoyan kayan gargajiya da na soyayya.zai taimaka ƙirƙirar yanayi na sauƙi da ladabi a cikin ɗakin.

Mala'ika

Pelargonium Angel ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. A bayyane, furen yana kama da pelargonium na sarauta, ya bambanta ne kawai a cikin siffar daji (mala'ikan yana da siffar curly) da ƙaramin diamita na inflorescences da ganye (bai fi 2 cm ba). Gandun daji na shuka ya kai 35 cm a tsayi kuma yana buƙatar yankewa koyaushe.

Halaye: Abubuwan da basu dace ba suna kama da "Pansies", launinsa yana iya zama fari, ruwan hoda, lilac, violet, kuma maiyuwa yana da duhu ko ratsi a saman ruwan saman. Mafi shahararrun nau'ikan: Blueberry, Burgundy Red, Randy.

Hoto

Duba hoton terry pelargonium a kasa:

Ina kuma ta yaya za a dasa shukar?

MUHIMMANCI! An dasa Pelargonium ta hanyoyi biyu: daga tsaba da kuma yankewa.

Yaduwar pelargonium ta hanyar yankawa yafi sauri da sauki fiye da yadda ake shuka shi. Don haka, tare da kulawar da ta dace game da abubuwan da aka dasa, za a iya samar da ɗumbin daji da kyau a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Yankan hanya

Zai fi kyau a girbe tsire-tsire a cikin bazara: ya zama dole a yanke ƙaramin harbi (5-7 cm) daga gefen kai ko ɓoye na tsire-tsire na baligi.
Cire ƙananan ganye daga yankan, barin kawai na sama (ganye 2-3).
Yanke yankan ya kamata a bushe iska tsawon awanni. Dole ne a kula da wuraren yanka a kan shuka babba da ƙari, tare da kayan gwari ko yayyafa gawayi.
Zaɓi ƙaramin akwati don dasawa (kofin filastik ya dace), sanya ƙananan ramuka a ƙasan kofin kuma ƙara ƙasa sabo a can.
Gudanar da cututtukan ƙasa tare da maganin potassium permanganate (0.1% manganese sulfate bayani: 1-2 saukad da rabin gilashin ruwa).
Bugu da ari, yakamata a dasa ɗan yankan sabon a cikin akwati da aka shirya tare da ƙasa.
Sanya shuka a wuri mai haske (amma ba cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba).
Ruwa kaɗan, kamar yadda ake buƙata: Ya kamata a yi shayar ta ƙara ruwa a kwanon rufi. Don haka, ruwa zai ratsa ramin da ke ƙasan akwatin (kofin).
Bayar da zazzabi da bai ƙasa da + 15 ° C.

Shawara: Ba a ba da shawarar Pelargonium a kafe a cikin ruwa ba, tunda kasan harbi galibi yana ruɓewa a matsakaiciyar ruwa.

Yawancin lokaci, bayan sati 3 ko 4, yankan yankan saiwa.

Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka shine Maris, Afrilu, Agusta da Satumba.

Canja wurin tsiro zuwa tukunya

Don ingantaccen tsire-tsire, yana da kyau a zaɓi ƙaramin tukunyar yumbu (wanda bai wuce 10 cm a diamita ba).
A Hankali cire tsire daga akwati (tare da ƙaramar dunƙulen ƙasa), kula da hana lalacewar asalinsu.
Shayar da furar saurayi tare da gwangwani mai kunkuntar ruwa.
Idan hadari yayi waje, kunna fitilar.

Haske da wuri

Pelargonium yana son hasken rana mai haske, kuma tare da rashin sa, yana iya farawa bushewa da shayar da ganyen. Sabili da haka, wuri mafi dacewa don shuka shuki zai zama gefen kudu na taga. A lokacin hunturu, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da fitila azaman ƙarin hasken haske.

Bukatun ƙasa

Dole ne ƙasa don dasa shuki ya cika waɗannan buƙatu masu zuwa:

dole ne ya kasance mai ni'ima da sako-sako;
haɗin ƙasa na ƙasa tare da ƙari na peat da yashi ya dace;
bugu da kari, zaku iya hada takin na ma'adinai (potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, da sauransu) a cikin kasa;
yi magudanan ruwa na babban yumɓu mai yalwa (kwanciya a ƙasan tukunyar), wanda za'a iya siye shi a kowane shagon fure (don sauƙin kwararar ruwa ta ramuka).

Yadda ake kulawa da kyau?

Domin tsire-tsire don kula da lafiya da farin ciki a duk shekara, wasu bukatun kulawa dole ne a bi su:

Lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye, yakamata a fure fure; a lokacin sanyi, yakamata ayi amfani da wutar ta wucin gadi.
Kula da yanayin zafi mai kyau don shuka (a lokacin rani: daga + 20 zuwa + 25 ° C, a lokacin hunturu: daga + 12 zuwa + 15 ° C).
Danshi ya kamata ya zama matsakaici.
Ruwa a yalwace, amma ba sau da yawa (kowane kwana biyu, ko lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe). A lokacin hunturu, zaku iya sha ruwa sau da yawa, ba tare da ƙara takin mai magani ba.
Ciyar sau biyu a wata (daga bazara zuwa kaka) tare da takin mai magani, wanda dole ne a yi amfani da shi zuwa ƙasa mai jike. Domin ganyen ya riƙe launin kore mai haske, yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da nitrogen. Don flowering - tare da potassium da phosphorus.
Shawarwarin! Zaku iya sayan kayan ado na ruwa "Pelargovit", kuma kuyi amfani dasu a cikin sashi kuma tare da mitar da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Cire ɓarnar inflorescences.

Cututtuka

Pelargonium na iya yin rashin lafiya idan ba kulawa mara kyau da cututtuka irin su:

Tushen ruba (yana faruwa tare da yawan ban ruwa). Wannan na mutuwa ga fure. Yakamata a lalata shukar da abin ya shafa sannan a maye gurbin kasar.
Gray mold a kan ganye. Ana iya ma'amala da shi kamar haka: dakatar da shayarwa, yanke ganyen da abin ya shafa, fesawa da wakilin antifungal sannan saka fure a wuri mai rana.
Blackleg - kara ya lalace. Dalilin kuwa shine toshewar ruwa ko kuma gurbatar kasa. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar kawar da tsire-tsire da ƙasa. Koyaya, zaku iya barin cutan don dasa shuki. Don hana wannan matsalar sake tasowa, dole ne a yi wa sababbi ɓarnata kuma a guji ɗebo ruwa.
An shimfiɗa mai tushe kuma an fallasa shi - wannan saboda rashin haske ne. Dole ne a sake saita fure zuwa wani wuri mai cikakken haske.

Kwari

Pelargonium na iya zama gida ga kwari irin su whitefly da aphids. Suna buƙatar a yaƙe su ta hanyar fesa ganye tare da shirye-shiryen maganin kwari ("Confidor", "Fufanon", "Zubr", da sauransu).

Fasali na haifuwa daga tsaba

Idan ka yanke shawarar amfani da hanyar haihuwar iri, dole ne a kiyaye wasu sharuɗɗa:

Ana shuka iri daga tsakiyar Nuwamba zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsaba da aka siya.
Shirya cakuda tukwane tare da ƙari na peat.
Idan an tattara tsaba daga tsire-tsire masu furanni, don mafi kyaun tsire-tsire, ana buƙatar a goge su da sandpaper (mai daɗi sosai).
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa a kan ƙaramin layin da ba shi da nisa, a jika da ruwa daga kwalbar fesawa (ya kamata a sami nisan akalla aƙalla 5 cm tsakanin tsaba).
Ya kamata a rufe tukunyar iri da tsare.
Kula da yanayin zafi mai kyau - har zuwa 20 ° C.
Bayan kwanaki 7-10, harbe na farko zasu bayyana.
Lokacin da shukokin suka girma kaɗan kuma ganye har huɗu suka bayyana akan su, zai yiwu a dasa su cikin kwantena daban.

Terry pelargonium tsire-tsire ne mai launuka iri-iri. Don girma da shuka shi, ba kwa buƙatar zama ƙwararren mai sayad da furanni ba, kawai kuna buƙatar bin dokoki masu sauƙi. Kar ka manta da kulawa da shuka, kuma zai zama abin alfahari na gidanka ko gidan bazara.

Muna kallon bidiyo game da terry pelargonium:

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