Kayan gida mai amfani - pelargonium mai kamshi

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Wasu masoyan furannin cikin gida suna rikita sunayen pelargonium mai kamshi da geranium mai kamshi kuma suna kiran pelargonium geranium. Kafin bayyanar rabon Carl Linnaeus, an sami takaddama da yawa game da yadda ake sanya sunayen waɗannan tsire-tsire biyu daidai kuma ko za a iya ɗaukar su masu alaƙa. A zahiri, godiya ga babban masanin kimiyya, ee: an tabbatar cewa duka biyun suna cikin dangin geranium.

Akwai wasu kamance a cikin pistils, ganye, mai tushe, kulawa da kulawa, har ma da nau'in ƙanshin waɗannan tsire-tsire. Amma a lokaci guda, tsallakawa tsakanin su ba zai yiwu ba saboda dalilai da yawa. A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku game da fasalin pelargonium mai ƙanshi.

Bayanin tsirrai, tarihin asali, farashi

'Yan kasuwa na farko daga Tsohuwar Duniya sun kawo Pelargonium zuwa Turai daga Afirka ta Kudu, tsabagen furenta da ƙanshinta na ban mamaki. Tsire-tsire ya juya don ya iya daidaitawa da yanayin da ya samu kanta, kuma wasu nau'ikan ma sun dace da rayuwa a cikin filin fili a cikin kyakkyawan yanayin Rasha.

Botanical sunan fure - Pelargonium graveolens... Yana da ganyayyaki mai ɗorewa ko tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen. Mai tushe suna da rassa, madaidaiciya ko masu rarrafe. Ganyen ganyen dabino ne, kore ne mai haske, an rufe shi da villi, wanda, idan aka taba shi, yana fitar da wani kamshi na musamman, kwatankwacin kamshin lemon, ginger, allurar pine, fure, mint, peach, nutmeg, apple, karas. Furannin ƙananan ne, marasa ƙamshi, masu launuka daban-daban, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences mai kama da laima. Yana da furanni da wuya.

HANKALI: Itace ta yadu sosai, zaka iya sayan pelargonium mai kamshi mai arha a shagon fure da kantinan titi. Farashin yana da wuya ya tashi sama da 250 rubles don ƙaramin ƙaramin daji.

Iri-iri na iri

Zuwa yau, kimanin nau'in 400 na pelargonium an kiwata, yayin da na gida ke da manyan nau'i biyu:

daji - low da lush;
ampelous - tare da dogon harbe.

Mafi shahararrun nau'ikan turaren pelargonium:

lemun tsami (Mabel Grey) - Pelargonium tare da ƙanshin lemun tsami na ganye da furanni na launuka masu ruwan hoda da shunayya;
apple (Apple Cider) - karamin pelargonium tare da ƙananan furanni, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin "umbrellas";
tare da fure turare (Lady Plymouth) - tsire-tsire tare da koren ganye mai haske tare da iyakoki fari da ƙananan furanni farare;
tare da ƙanshin caramel da fure (Candy Dancer) - furanninta ƙananan ne, ruwan hoda mai haske tare da hasken duhu ko fari da shunayya;
tare da peach da kuma fure turare (Mons Ninon) - varietal pelargonium na Unicum class, Crimson-orange furanni tare da burgundy veins, yana jin daɗi sosai a cikin lambun fiye da cikin ɗakin;
tare da ƙanshin mint (Pungent Peppermint) - iri-iri tare da ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi, waɗanda suka girma a gida da kuma cikin lambun;
tare da kamshi mai zafi ko kamshi mai zaki (Pink Champagne) - pelargonium tare da zagaye ganye da furanni masu launin hoda-mulufi;
tare da ƙanshin wormwood ko nutmeg (Fragrans Variegated) - tana da ƙananan furanni fure da ganye masu taushi tare da walƙiya mai haske;
tare da warin mint mai ƙanshi (Filicifolium) - ganyayyaki suna yanke sosai, m, m, furanni ƙananan ne, farare da shuɗi mai haske.

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Duba hotunan ƙasa na nau'ikan nau'ikan pelargonium mai ƙamshi.

Kadarorin warkarwa

Wannan furannin yana da halaye masu amfani da yawa. Pelargonium ganye dauke da:

kwayoyin acid;
mai mahimmanci;
tannins;
glycosides;
danko;
sitaci;
flavonoids;
pectins;
phytoncides;
resins;
tannins;
alli;
coumarins;
saponins.

Pelargonium an daɗe da sananne saboda ikonsa na kwantar da hankulan masu juyayi. A cikin gidan da yake zaune wannan daji mai daɗin kamshi, ba a yawan yin faɗa. A cikin ofis, pelargonium zai taimaka wajen kiyaye kuzari.

Ganyen Pelargonium yana da kwayan cuta, maganin ciwo, antispasmodic, mai iya sha, rage zafin nama, mai karfin jiki, mai hana yaduwar cuta, rage karfin sinadarai da cututtukan rauni, yana taimakawa ciwon kai da hanci. Ana iya amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai kamshi mai ƙamshi na Pelargonium wajen maganin otitis media kai tsaye.

Ana amfani da man kamshi na Pelargonium don maganin hauhawar jini, ciwon suga, rashin haihuwa, da alamomin PMS. Ya isa sauke yan yan 'digo a cikin kwano na fitilar ƙamshi da kunna kyandir, ko dai a cikin wanka, ko haɗa 7 g na man pelargonium da 30 g na man shafawa da tausa.

Kamshin turaren pelargonium mai kamshi yana da kayan kwari: an lura cewa idan wannan furen yana rayuwa akan taga, sauro ba zai kuskura ya shiga dakin ba. A zamanin da, an bi da kwarkwata da decoction na ganyen pelargonium. Pelargonium sprigs a cikin tufafi zai hana asu daga farawa.

Idan kun shuka fure a cikin kicin, wari mara dadi zasu bace.

Kalli bidiyo game da kyawawan fa'idodi na pelargonium mai ƙamshi:

Contraindications

Contraindications don magani tare da kwayoyi daga wannan shuka sune:

rashin haƙuri na mutum;
ciki;
shekaru kasa da 12 da kuma bayan shekaru 70;
ciki miki;
ƙananan matsa lamba;
gastritis.

A ina da yadda ake shuka?

Pelargonium mai ƙanshi shine tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa kuma mai matuƙar godiya. Kuna iya shuka shi daga ƙaramin yanka ko tsaba. Pelargonium yana jure yanayin rashin dacewa, amma har yanzu yana da nasa fifikon kulawa.

Hasken wuta... Gandun daji, wanda yake kan wata taga mai haske, gabas ko yamma, yayi girma cikin sauri kuma yayi fure sosai. A gefen taga na kudu, ana buƙatar ɗan inuwa, ko zaka iya matsar da tsire kaɗan daga hasken kai tsaye.
Bukatun ƙasa... A kasan tukunyar, an fara sanya magudanan ruwa (fadada yumbu, tubalin da ya karye ko kananan shards) don ruwan bai tsaya ba kuma tushen pelargonium kar ya rube. Sannan sanya tsire tare da dunƙulen ƙasa kuma ƙara cakuda tukunyar ƙasa don furannin cikin gida.

Kuna iya shirya substrate da kanku. Don yin wannan, ɗauki ɗayan ɓangaren turf, peat, humus da yashi mai matsakaici. Dole ne a kunna cakuda a cikin tanda.

A cikin ƙasashe tare da yanayin dumi, pelargonium yana da kyau a cikin lambun a gefen haske mai haske. Sharuɗɗan shayarwa, yankan itace da takin zamani iri ɗaya ne da na pelargonium a gida.

Kulawar gida yadda yakamata

Baya ga ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun don kiyaye pelargonium, akwai wasu mahimman bayanai:

Yanayin iska... Pelargonium kada yayi zafi sosai, yana jin daɗi a yanayin zafin jiki na kusan + 20 ° C. Sanya dakin yana da tasiri mai amfani akansa, kuma a lokacin bazara zaku iya kwanciyar hankali a kan loggia ko baranda.
Shayarwa... Kuna iya shayar da kamshin pelargonium mai ƙanshi lokacin da ƙasa a cikin tukunyar ta bushe kaɗan, amma ba kwa buƙatar fesawa. Furen yana iya tara ruwa a cikin bishiyoyi da ganye, wannan dukiyar ta taimaki shukar ta rayu a cikin ƙarancin yanayi na Afirka ta Kudu.
Wiwi... A cikin tukunya mai fadi, tsiron yana jagorantar dukkan rundunoninsa zuwa ci gaban tsarin tushen, ya yi girma a hankali, ya fitar da shoan harbe kuma kusan ba ya fure. Saboda haka, ya fi kyau a zaɓi tukunya don pelargonium wanda ya fi santimita biyu faɗi fiye da tushen ƙwallon.
Taki... Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da sabbin kwayoyin halitta don ciyarwa; kuna buƙatar ciyar da fure tare da takin mai magani mai narkewa tare da nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus. Ana amfani da takin gargajiya kowane mako biyu daga ƙarshen Fabrairu zuwa Oktoba; a cikin hunturu, ba a buƙatar ciyar da pelargonium.
TAMBAYA: Haka kuma ya kamata ka guji yin takin zamani idan kwanan nan ka dasa wannan furen. Wajibi ne a jira wata ɗaya don shuka ta daidaita.
Pruning da tsunkule... Don bawa shuka kyakkyawa mai kyau da ƙara yawan harbe-harbe, zaku iya tsunkule tsoffin ƙwayoyin, in ba haka ba furen zai miƙe da yawa.

Cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari

Babban kuskuren furannin furanni yayin kula da wannan fure:

wuce kima ko, akasin haka, rashin ruwa mara kyau;
rashin haske;
tukunya mai tauri ko mai fadi;
amfani da filin titi ba tare da nome shi ba.

Mafi sau da yawa, cututtukan fungal da dampness ke haifar da pelargonium yana da rauni: baƙar fata ko launin toka, kuma ƙwayoyin na iya shafar kwari.

Stemararrawar baƙar fata, ko baƙar fata... Jigon pelargonium ya zama baƙi a tushe, sannan kamuwa da cuta ya bazu ko'ina cikin tsiron. Ba za a iya magance cutar ba; ana iya kiyaye ta kawai ta hanyar kiyaye matakan kariya lokacin saye, shuka da dasa shuki.
Ruwan toka... Fure mai toka ya bayyana a jikin ganyayyaki - wannan ita ce alama ta farko, bayan haka ana ba da shawarar ɗaukar matakan masu zuwa: dakatar da shayar da tsire, cire duk ganyen da ke cikin cutar kuma fesa fure da maganin fungicidal shiri.
Aphids da farin kuda... Kwari suna boyewa a karkashin ganyen kuma suna cin tsire. Ganyen Pelargonium ya zama rawaya ya faɗi. Bayan dubawa, dole ne a wanke pelargonium a cikin ruwan sabulu kuma a bi shi da magungunan kwari sau da yawa.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Wannan tsire-tsire yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba da yanka. Hanyar farko ta fi rikitarwa, amma tana samar da tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi ƙanƙanta, suka fi girma kuma suka fi yawa a cikin furanni.

Tsaba

Dole ne a 'yantar da ƙwaya daga kwasfa mai wuya, a bi da shi da epin kuma a jiƙa shi cikin ruwa har tsawon awa uku. Wajibi ne a shuka iri a nesa kusan 5 cm daga juna, a ɗan murƙushe su cikin ƙasa kuma a yayyafa su ƙasa da ƙasa, layinsa ya zama bai fi 5 mm ba. Bayan dasa shukokin, aka shayar da kasa kuma an rufe akwatin da gilashi ko fim.... Kuna buƙatar ajiye akwati a cikin ɗaki mai haske mai ɗumi da zafin jiki na iska kusan 20 ° C. Seedlings ya bayyana a cikin makonni biyu, bayan haka sai a ɗauka, sannan kuma a dasa matasa shuke-shuke zuwa tukwane daban.

Kalli bidiyo game da dasa shukar pelargonium:

Yankan

Sake bugun pelargonium ta hanyar yankan baya bukatar ilimi na musamman da kokari. Yankakke mai ganye 4-5 ana sare shi daga saman lafiyayyen tsire kuma ana saka shi a cikin ruwa. Tushen ya bayyana bayan fewan kwanaki kuma an shirya shuka a cikin tukunya daban. A karo na farko dole ne ku kiyaye shi a cikin inuwa kuma a koyaushe ku jiƙa ƙasa.

Kalli bidiyo game da yaduwar pelargonium ta hanyar yanka:

Kammalawa

Pelargonium mai ƙamshi shine ainihin ado na gidan da talisman sa, wanda ke haifar da yanayi mai daɗi da annashuwa. Koda mai sana'ar sayar da furanni zai iya kula da kayan kamshi na pelargonium. A sakamakon haka, shukar za ta ba maigidan nata ƙanshi mai daɗi da kyakkyawan fure.

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