Yadda ake tsara haifuwa na pelargonium a gida - shawarwari ga masu noman fure
Pelargonium yana ƙawata filayen taga a gidaje da gidaje da yawa. Ampel iri-iri suna da kyau a farfaji da baranda. Furannin fure suna son wannan tsiron don kyawun sa da rashin wayewa.
Ya ninka sauƙin, yana da ƙamshi na musamman, ya yi fure kusan duk shekara.
A cikin labarin, zamuyi la'akari dalla-dalla hanyoyin kiwo wannan fure. Har ila yau, game da yiwuwar cututtuka da kwari. Bari mu duba da kyau game da kulawar saurayi.
Menene wannan furen na cikin gida?
Pelargonium tsire-tsire ne masu tsire-tsire waɗanda tushe suke madaidaiciya, masu rarrafe, masu rassa, kuma ganyayyaki masu sauƙi ne, kamar yatsa ko yatsan yatsa. Furannin suna da launuka iri-iri a cikin sigar inflorescences mai laima.
Yadda ake yadawa - cikakken bayani
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don kiwon pelargonium a gida:
- rarraba rhizome (hanya mafi sauki);
- yankan (ciyayi);
- tsaba.
Ta hanyar raba rhizome
Tona babban daji.
- Raba tushen a hankali zuwa sassa da yawa.
- Yi amfani da ƙasar kasuwanci ko yin tukunyar ƙasa (ƙasa, takin, peat da perlite). Ana iya maye gurbin Perlite da yashi, dunkulen kumfa ko kwakwalwan bulo.
- Tsawon mintuna biyu zuwa uku, kifa kasar gona a murhun a digiri 200 (kuma shima ya sayi kasar gona).
- Zaɓi tukwanen da ya dace don tsirrai - a cikin manyan akwai yiwuwar ƙarancin ƙasa, kuma a cikin waɗanda suke kusa, asalin da ba shi da kyau zai shafi mummunan fure, girman tukunyar mafi kyau shine 10 cm a diamita.
- Yi magudanar ruwa a ƙasan tukwanen, misali, daga tsakuwa don kada ruwan ya tsaya.
- Zuba ƙasa da aka shirya a saman sa.
- Karamin kasar gona a kusa da seedlings.
- Kashegari, zubar da ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi don kada ya cika ƙasa da ruwa.
Magana. Babban dalilin mutuwar shuki a yayin rooting shine bayyanar "baƙar fata", wanda ƙwayarsa ke ruɓuwa, sannan kuma saiwoyin. Yana faruwa ne daga dusar ruwa da zafi mai yawa.
Bayan makonni uku zuwa hudu, saiwoyin za su bayyana kuma asalinsu zai fara haɓaka. Yayin lokacin rooting, ciyarwa ba lallai ba ne, kuma bayan - kula da shukokin da suka girma kamar na shuke-shuke masu girma.
Yankan
Sau da yawa ana amfani da yankan, saboda tare da wajabta tsire-tsire, ana samun kayan aikinta masu inganci. Bugu da ƙari, yaduwa ta hanyar yankan ya ba da damar tsire-tsire don riƙe duk fasalin kayan ado.
Umurni don yada pelargonium ta hanyar yanka:
- Lokacin kiwo.
Pelargonium ana iya yada shi a cikin ciyayi a kowane lokaci banda lokacin sanyi, lokacin da yake bacci.
Mafi kyawun lokacin yaduwa ta hanyar yankan shine daga ƙarshen watan Fabrairu zuwa Mayu tare da ƙaruwa na karin hasken rana kuma a cikin bazara, pelargonium yana saurin samun tushen.
A lokacin bazara, zafi na iya shafar mummunan tasiri, kuma a gaban yanayin ƙarancin ɗumi, akwai haɗarin ci gaban "baƙar fata", wanda galibi ke mutuwa ga shuka.
Ara lokacin kaka zai buƙaci ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse a cikin yanayin ƙarin haske (har zuwa awanni 15 zuwa 17 a rana) da kuma yanayin iska zuwa 22-23 digiri Celsius.
- Shiri na cuttings.
Don haifuwa kuna buƙatar:
- yanke cuttings;
- tushen su.
Tsarin shirya cuttings:
- amfani da matasa da kuma karfi da harbe;
- cire ganye, barin ma'aurata a saman;
- dole ne a yanke farjin (idan akwai);
- tsawon yankan yawanci 5 cm, kuma don ƙananan-rosebuds 2.5 cm;
- yi cuts a cikin node ganye biyu ko uku;
- wuka mai kaifi kuma kusassar da aka sare dole ne ta zama kaifi;
- bi da tushen ko gawayi (an kunna ko itace);
- to dole ne sassan su bushe na awanni biyu zuwa uku.
Lokaci don yankan cuttings:
- daga matasa harbe - daga Maris zuwa Satumba (lokacin rooting 1-2 makonni);
- daga Semi-lignified - daga Agusta zuwa Oktoba (farawa a cikin makonni 2-3).
- Gyara cuttings.
Akwai hanyoyi biyu don tushen sa: a cikin ruwa da cikin ƙasa.
Yadda ake Tushen ruwa:
- sanya yankan a cikin kwantena da ruwa mai kyau;
- atedara carbon mai kunnawa;
- ya kamata a canza ruwan bayan kwana biyu zuwa uku;
- tsare a cikin ɗaki mai haske, dumi;
- a cikin makonni biyu zuwa uku saiwoyin zasu bayyana;
- dole ne a dasa harbe a cikin tukwane tare da ƙasa.
Shuka cuttings a cikin ƙasa. Dasa a cikin tukwane da ƙasa:
- harbewa bayan da aka yi jijiya a cikin ruwa;
- cuttings bayan bushewa da yanka.
Abin da za a yi: shirye-shiryen ƙasa, zaɓi na tukwane da kuma aikin shuka yana faruwa kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama a cikin rubutu game da haifuwar pelargonium ta rarraba rhizome.
Hankali! Idan mahaifar daji ta girma cikin ciyayi (ta hanyar yanka), rayuwa zata faru da sauri, idan daga tsaba, to na tsawon lokaci ko a'a.
Pelargonium. Yadawa ta hanyar yanka:
Tsaba
Pelargonium ana yaɗa shi ba kawai a tsire-tsire ba, ana iya girma daga ƙwaya. Lokacin da aka shuka shi ta hanyar tsaba, asarar bambance-bambancen bambance-bambancen shuka na yiwuwakamar launin furanni ko siffar ganye.
Umurni don yada pelargonium ta tsaba:
- Tabbatar da lokacin shuka.
Kuna iya shuka tsaba a duk shekara, amma mafi kyawun lokaci shine ƙarshen Janairu-Fabrairu, lokacin da zaku iya yin ba tare da ƙarin haske ba.
- Selection na inganci iri.
Ya kamata tsaba su zama tsayayyu, manya kuma manya-manya tare da inuwa mai ruwan kasa da mara daɗi.
- Shirye-shiryen ƙasa.
Zaka iya amfani da ƙasar da ake samu ta kasuwanci ko yin cakuda:
- wani sashi na peat;
- wani yanki na yashi kogi;
- sassa biyu na ƙasar sod;
- dole ne a kunna ruwan magani na mintina biyu zuwa uku.
- Yarda da tsarin yanayin zafi.
Ana ɗaukar zafin jiki mafi kyau wanda bai haura digiri 22 na ma'aunin Celsius ba. Idan yanayin zafin jiki bai haura digiri 18 ba, shukokin ba za su mike ba.
- Tsarin shuka:
- rarraba tsaba a nesa na 5 cm;
- yayyafa su da layin ƙasa kimanin milimita 2;
- amfani da kwalba mai fesa lokacin shayarwa;
- rufe akwatin tare da tsaba tare da tsare;
- yin iska yana da muhimmanci sau ɗaya a rana;
- lokacin da harbe ya bayyana (bayan makonni 2), an cire fim ɗin;
- bayan samuwar ganye biyu zuwa hudu, ana iya nutsa shukokin.
A bayanin kula. Ana diban dasawa zuwa cikin babban akwati.
Lokacin yadawa ta tsaba, pelargonium zai fara fure cikin kimanin watanni shida (karanta game da dalilin da yasa pelargonium bazai yi fure a gida ba).
Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa da mafita
Matsaloli na iya zama kamar haka:
idan rooting ya faru a cikin ƙasa, cutar fungal mai yiwuwa ne;
- idan a cikin ruwa, tushen bazai bayyana na dogon lokaci ba.
Cutar naman gwari za a iya haifar da ruwa daga cikin ƙasa hade da yanayin yanayin yanayi mai yawa.
Me za a yi a farkon lamarin? Don kawar da matsalar, ya zama dole a ware take hakki a cikin kulawar shuka. Ci gaban jijiyoyi lokacin da suke kafewa cikin ruwa yanayin yanayi mai zafi sama da digiri 25 na ma'aunin Celsius ya shafeshi.
Me za a yi a shari’a ta biyu? Don motsa samuwar tushe a cikin yankan da aka cire daga ruwa, ya kamata a sabunta yankan, a bushe shi da daddare, a dasa shi da safe.
Kulawa na gaba
Pelargonium tsire-tsire ne mai ban sha'awa kuma yana buƙatar ƙarancin kulawa.
Umarnin kulawa sune kamar haka:
- Shayarwa.
Ana buƙatar shayar matsakaici don lafiyar tushen tsarin, amma ƙa'idar gabaɗaya ita ce, ya fi kyau kada a sha ruwa kwata-kwata fiye da zuba pelargonium. Kuna buƙatar jagorantar da yanayin ƙasa, dole ne ya bushe.
- Top miya.
Lokacin da kake buƙatar ciyarwa:
- takin mai magani tare da phosphorus - yayin ci gaban aiki;
- dauke da sinadarin potassium - saboda yawan aiki da dadewa.
- Yankan
Pruning yana ba da gudummawa ga:
- samuwar karamin kambi;
- bayyanar rudiments inflorescence;
- samuwar kayan shukarsu.
Yadda za'a gyara pelargonium da kyau:
- ana yanke shi a kusurwa mai haɗuwa akan kumburin ganye mai fuskantar waje;
- zaka iya amfani da wuka ko wuƙa na waƙa ta malamai;
- dole ne a yanke maganin ta hanyar yayyafa masa gawayi.
Noman pelargonium, kasancewar ba lamari ne na musamman da cin lokaci ba, yana ba da sakamako mai launi iri mai haske, mai yalwar furanni. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, tsire-tsire guda ɗaya a kowane lokaci yana iya ƙirƙirar kusan 20 inflorescences.