Kyakkyawan petunia surfinia

Surfinia al'ada ce ta kayan ado ta musamman wacce ke ɗaya daga cikin matasan petunia. Na ƙungiyar ampelous ne, kodayake akwai dwarf, ƙananan iri.

Bambancin da kyawun hawan igiyar ruwa yana cikin girma mai ƙarfi na rataye mai tushe da yalwar furanni kusan duk tsawon lokacin. Idan wannan fure ya zauna a baranda ko baranda - tabbas hassadar wasu ta tabbata! Kuma wane irin kamshi take dashi! Launin ya fi haske da kuma wadata, ƙamshin yana daɗa ƙarfi.

Menene wannan tsiron?

An samo wannan shuka a ƙarshen karni na 19. Petunia an yi kiwo a cikin Japan ta hanyar canza kwayoyin halitta da kuma kwayar halitta daga wata shuka zuwa wani.

Tsawon itacen zai iya zama har zuwa mita 2. diamita na furannin ya kai 2-6 cm. Launinsu na iya zama daban:

• fari;
• ruwan hoda;
• ja;
• shuɗi;
• shunayya.

Dogayen harbe-harbe da aka lulluɓe da manyan furanni suna haifar da jin daɗin ruwan fure.

A bayanin kula. Kwayar petunia an rarrabe ta da juriya da cututtuka da kwari da yawa. Bambanci tsakanin surfinia da petunia na gargajiya yana cikin wadataccen furanni.

Kula da fure abu ne mai sauki. Lokacin ƙirƙirar cikakkun yanayi don bunƙasar petunias, amsa tare da doguwar bishiyar furanni.

Bayani da hotunan iri

Akwai kusan nau'ikan Surfinia 25 waɗanda aka samo su ta hanyar wucewa. Kuna iya karanta game da nau'ikan surfinia kuma ku ga duk nau'ikan a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.

Burgundy

Babban bishiyoyi ne masu ɗimbin yawa tare da wadataccen furanni. Furannin nasa suna da launi mai kyau na ruwan inabi.

Pink mai zafi

Bambance-bambancen jan hankali tare da manyan furanni masu launin ruwan hoda. Jijiyoyin jini a jikin petals kala ne, ana furtawa. Suna gudana daga maƙogwaron kanta zuwa gefen rawanin furen.

Tebur Fari

Wannan nau'ikan shine ɗayan mashahurai tsakanin masu sayan furanni. Tunda tana da fararen fata fararen dusar ƙanƙara, kuma furen kanta yayi kamannin ƙararrawa. Suna cunkushe dukkan daji. A peculiarity na iri-iri a cikin dogon lokacin flowering. Yana farawa a watan Mayu kuma yana dadewa har zuwa lokacin sanyi.

Ylow

Wannan shine farkon ƙananan matasan petunia. Yana furewa da wuri da yalwa. Launin inflorescences rawaya ne rawaya.

Sau Biyu

Wannan ƙaramin petunia ne guda biyu wanda yake da furanni mai shuɗi mai ɗanɗano. A iri-iri ne halin da karfi girma da kuma juriya ga waterlogging a lokacin rani. Rassan daji suna rataye, tsayinsu ya kai mita 1. Kuma tsayin daji yakai 15-20 cm.

Kuna iya samun masaniya da wasu nau'ikan terry petunias da sifofinsu anan.

Ed

A iri-iri ne mai wuce yarda da kyau. Gandun daji yana cikin siffar kwallon, wacce ta kunshi furanni ja da yawa masu haske. Yanayin iri-iri a cikin karamin girma.

Siffofin sauka

Ayyukan shuki wani mataki ne mai mahimmanci kuma mai mahimmanci, akan daidaitaccen abin da ci gaba da ci gaban petunias ya dogara. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a bi wasu shawarwari:

1. Dole kwandon fure ya kasance yana da magudanun ruwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don danshi bai daɗe a cikin ƙasa na dogon lokaci ba.
2. Idan tsaba smallanana ne, sai ku haɗu da yashi kafin a dasa. Wannan zai baku damar shuka kayan shuka a ko'ina cikin fuskar akwatin da aka shirya.
3. Yi amfani da bindiga mai fesawa ko feshin hannu don ɗan huƙa ƙasa. Idan ana so, ana iya sanya mai tallata ci gaba a cikin ruwa.
4. A ƙarshen ayyukan dasa shuki, rufe akwatin tare da polyethylene. Wannan zai haifar da sakamako mai tasiri.
5. Ajiye akwatin a wuri mai haske. Tsarin zafin jiki ya zama cikin digiri 21-23. Da zaran ƙasa ta bushe, fesa shi. Bayan mako guda, zaka iya ganin harbe-harbe na farko.

Bukatun ƙasa

Surfinia ya fi son haske, tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa mai ƙarancin acid. Zaku iya siyan shi ko kuyi shi. Don shirya kai na tsarin abinci mai gina jiki, dole ne:

1. Hada peat da vermicompost a dai-dai gwargwado.
2. Sannan ana gabatar da ƙasar sod a cikin rabon 1: 2.
3. Don ba da loosasa sassautawa, ƙara ta da vermiculite.
4. Lara lemun tsami ko gawayi don kawo cakuda ƙasa zuwa pH 6.5.

Haske da wuri

Surfinia tsire-tsire ne mai son haske. Dole ne a ɗora tukunyar a kan tagogin da ke fuskantar gabas ko yamma. Idan kunyi fure a wuri mai inuwa, to girmanta da ci gabanta zasu tsaya, kamar fure.

Kulawa

Shayarwa

Yi ƙwanƙasa a ƙasa a kai a kai kuma a kan kari. Kuma kodayake shukar tana jure fari sosai, a lokutan tsananin zafin rana, saiwar da aka tsiro tana buƙatar yawan ruwa.

Mahimmanci! Ana aiwatar da shayar sosai a tushen. Amma yi hakan kawai bayan saman gona ya bushe.

Don hana bushewa daga cikin ƙasa a cikin akwati, ciyawa.

Top miya

Surfinia yana amsawa da kyau ga ciyarwa. Lokacin amfani dashi akai-akai, zai biya tare da furanni mai haske da kyau. Ulationsara kayan abinci mai gina jiki sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 7-10. Jiko na mullein ko vermistim ya dace da wannan.

Cututtuka da kwari

Nau'ikan petunias na gargajiya suna da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari. Amma idan aka keta yanayin haɓaka ko yanayi, surfinia na iya wahala.

Cututtukan fungal

Mafi yawan cututtukan fungal sun kasance:

• farin ruɓa;
• launin toka;
• launin ruwan kasa;
• baƙar fata;
• rigar ruba

Alamun waɗannan cututtukan sun ɗan bambanta, amma kusan dukkanin su suna ba da gudummawa ga lalacewar da mutuwar furen. Akwai dalilai masu zuwa don ci gaban su:

• danshi;
• babban zafi;
• ragu a cikin alamun zafin jiki (ƙasa + 14);
• dasa shuki;
• ƙasa mai guba;
• kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ragowar tsire-tsire da ƙasa.

Ana amfani da waɗannan matakan don yaƙi:

1. Amincewa da ka'idojin agrotechnical.
2. Yin zurfin zurfafawa da amfani da lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa.
3. Rushewar samfuran samfuran lokaci.
4. Don maganin tsirrai, ana amfani da samfuran halittu (Fitosporin, Integral) da kuma sinadarai (Skor, Maxim).

Chlorosis

Zaka iya gane cutar ta waɗannan alamu:

• ganye sun rasa koren launi, sun zama fari;
• ci gaban shuka ya tsaya;
• furen yana da kyan gani.

Magana. Chlorosis akan petunia alama ce ta kurakurai a cikin tsarin kulawa: yawan amfani da potassium ko phosphorus, son zuciya na ƙasa pH zuwa gefen alkaline.

Don magance cutar, shayar da ƙasar furen da abin ya shafa da baƙin ƙarfe (Mikom, Ferovit).

Whitefly

Ana iya gane wannan kwaro ta hanyar rawaya da shuɗe ganye. Lokacin da furen da abin ya shafa ya taba, fararen kananun abokai sun fara watsewa suna boyewa a cikin ganyen shuke-shuke makwabta. Don yin yaƙi, yi amfani da tarkon manne, kayayyakin ƙirar halitta. A cikin al'amuran ci gaba, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen sunadarai (Mospilan, Aktara).

Tsawon lokaci

Kuna iya gano waɗannan kwari ta gaban bugun azurfa akan furanni da ganye. Suna tare da necrosis na kyallen takarda. A bayan bangon wuraren da suka bushe, zaku iya samun ƙananan ƙwayoyin baƙin ciki, waɗanda tsutsar tsutsar ciki ta bar su. Don yin yaƙi, yi amfani da wakilan sunadarai (Intavir, Aktara).

Itesan gizo-gizo

Kuna iya gano wannan kwaro ta gaban digon rawaya. Bayan lokaci, ganyayyakin sun bushe gaba ɗaya, ana iya ganin siririn yanar gizo a kansu. Don yakin, ana amfani da magungunan kwari Nero ko Apollo.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Surfinia tana yaɗa ciyayi da tsaba. Amma zaɓi na biyu kawai yana da wahala, tunda sakamakon haka ƙaramin daji ya girma tare da ƙarancin fure. Yanayin Rasha bai dace da waɗannan furanni masu son zafi ba. Shuka shuki daga tsaba abu ne mai wahala, kuma ba a tabbatar da sakamakon ba. Bayan dasa shuki, tsiro sun bayyana bayan kwana 7. Da zaran an kafa ganye 2, dasa shukokin cikin kwantena daban.

Ga talakawa masu son fure masu son kyakkyawar hanyar kiwo ita ce yanka:

1. Wajibi ne a yanke yanke daji kuma dasa shi a cikin tukunyar ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, wannan dole ne a yi shi da sauri-wuri don ƙirar ta sami tushe.
2. Rufe tsire-tsire tare da tsare kuma saita cikin wuri mai duhu.
3. Za a buƙaci shayarwa yayin aikin kulawa.
4. Da zaran an fara harba fim din, cire fim din.
5. Dole ne ku tabbatar cewa koyaushe yana da dumi.
6. Tare da farkon bazara, ana iya dasa shi, kuma a lokacin rani zai juye zuwa babban daji mai haske.

Kalli bidiyo kan yadda ake yada surfinia ta hanyar yanka:

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Lokacin girma surfinia, matsaloli masu zuwa suna yiwuwa:

1. Tsayawa girma, babu furanni. Babban dalili shine rashin hasken wuta. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar shigar da petunia a kan saucer tare da haske mai yaduwa, kuma a cikin hunturu, ƙara fure tare da fitilu. Kari akan haka, tsayawa a ci gaba yana yiwuwa yayin daure rassan petunia.
2. Lalacewar asalinsu. Wannan matsalar na daya daga cikin wadanda aka fi sani. Babban dalilinta shine yawan danshi. Petunias suna son canji na fari da cikakken jikewar ƙasa. Shayar da tsire-tsire a kowace rana kawai idan ya girma a cikin ƙasa ko a kan taga mai haske. Idan baƙar fata ta shafa, yi amfani da Fitosporin.
3. Burns akan ganyen. An kafa su ne musamman saboda ciyarwar da ba ta dace ba. Zai fi kyau ayi wannan a cikin gajimare. Ba kwa buƙatar sanya tsire-tsire nan da nan a ƙarƙashin fitilar, kuna buƙatar jira duk abubuwan da za su fantsama su shiga cikin ganyayyaki.

Petunia Surfinia fure ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke al'ajabin kyawawan kyawawan furanninta. Kari akan haka, yana da sauki sosai a kula da shi, tunda duk abubuwan da suka faru daidaitattu ne. Koda mai farawa zai iya jimre da duk aikin, saboda haka wannan kyakkyawan zaɓi ne ga waɗanda suke fara sanin su da petunias.

Kalli bidiyo kan yadda ake dasa shukokin surfinia a cikin tukunyar fure:

Kalli bidiyon: Suntory Flowers and Barone Gardens donate Surfinia petunias to American Legion post (Yuni 2024).